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Abstract  Nanoporous TiO2 having enhanced surface area was synthesized by sol–gel method. On the nanoporous TiO2 film electrode, electrocatalytic reduction of the 2-pyridineethanol in the ionic liquid electrolyte of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMI]BF4) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that the indirect electroreduction of 2-pyridineethanol produced 2-piperidinoethanol by Ti(IV)/Ti(III) redox system on the nanoporous TiO2 film surface. The current of cathodic reduction peak increased along with the increase of reactant concentration. The electrode reaction mechanism is called catalytic (EC′) mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  In this paper, we have demonstrated that carbon-doped nanostructured TiO2 (CD ns-TiO2) films could be prepared simply and cheaply with oxalic acid and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4N·Br) as the carbon sources. The surface morphology of the films was a multiple-porous network structure.The average size of nanoparticle was about 40 nm. Carbon doped into substitutional sites of TiO2 has also proven to be indispensable for band-gap narrowing and photovoltaic effect. Carbon doping lowered the band gap of n-TiO2 to 1.98, 1.64, and 1.26 eV. The CD ns-TiO2 film was first used as photoanode for solar cells, exhibiting high photocurrent densities (l.34 mA/cm2) and yielding an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 4.42 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]