154 results on '"Hong ZHAO"'
Search Results
2. Oxytocin Receptor in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells Does Not Engage in Autism-Related Behaviors.
- Author
-
Shen, Li-Ping, Li, Wei, Pei, Ling-Zhu, Yin, Jun, Xie, Shu-Tao, Li, Hong-Zhao, Yan, Chao, Wang, Jian-Jun, Zhang, Qipeng, Zhang, Xiao-Yang, and Zhu, Jing-Ning
- Subjects
OXYTOCIN receptors ,PURKINJE cells ,MATERNAL immune activation ,AUTISM spectrum disorders ,NEURAL transmission - Abstract
The classical motor center cerebellum is one of the most consistent structures of abnormality in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and neuropeptide oxytocin is increasingly explored as a potential pharmacotherapy for ASD. However, whether oxytocin targets the cerebellum for therapeutic effects remains unclear. Here, we report a localization of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in Purkinje cells (PCs) of cerebellar lobule Crus I, which is functionally connected with ASD-implicated circuits. OXTR activation neither affects firing activities, intrinsic excitability, and synaptic transmission of normal PCs nor improves abnormal intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission of PCs in maternal immune activation (MIA) mouse model of autism. Furthermore, blockage of OXTR in Crus I in wild-type mice does not induce autistic-like social, stereotypic, cognitive, and anxiety-like behaviors. These results suggest that oxytocin signaling in Crus I PCs seems to be uninvolved in ASD pathophysiology, and contribute to understanding of targets and mechanisms of oxytocin in ASD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A semantic analysis-driven customer requirements mining method for product conceptual design.
- Author
-
Wu, Xuan-Yu, Hong, Zhao-Xi, Feng, Yi-Xiong, Li, Ming-Dong, Lou, Shan-He, and Tan, Jian-Rong
- Subjects
- *
CONCEPTUAL design , *PRODUCT design , *NATURAL language processing , *CUSTOMER feedback , *OCEAN mining - Abstract
Precise customer requirements acquisition is the primary stage of product conceptual design, which plays a decisive role in product quality and innovation. However, existing customer requirements mining approaches pay attention to the offline or online customer comment feedback and there has been little quantitative analysis of customer requirements in the analogical reasoning environment. Latent and innovative customer requirements can be expressed by analogical inspiration distinctly. In response, this paper proposes a semantic analysis-driven customer requirements mining method for product conceptual design based on deep transfer learning and improved latent Dirichlet allocation (ILDA). Initially, an analogy-inspired verbal protocol analysis experiment is implemented to obtain detailed customer requirements descriptions of elevator. Then, full connection layers and a softmax layer are added to the output-end of Chinese bidirectional encoder representations from Transformers (BERT) pre-training language model. The above deep transfer model is utilized to realize the customer requirements classification among functional domain, behavioral domain and structural domain in the customer requirement descriptions of elevator by fine-tuning training. Moreover, the ILDA is adopted to mine the functional customer requirements that can represent customer intention maximally. Finally, an effective accuracy of customer requirements classification is acquired by using the BERT deep transfer model. Meanwhile, five kinds of customer requirements of elevator and corresponding keywords as well as their weight coefficients in the topic-word distribution are extracted. This work can provide a novel research perspective on customer requirements mining for product conceptual design through natural language processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. O-GlcNAcylation: the "stress and nutrition receptor" in cell stress response.
- Author
-
Liu, Yang, Yao, Rui-Zhi, Lian, Shuai, Liu, Peng, Hu, Ya-Jie, Shi, Hong-Zhao, Lv, Hong-Ming, Yang, Yu-Ying, Xu, Bin, and Li, Shi-Ze
- Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, reversible, and dynamic glycosylation that plays a critical role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of cells by regulating various biological processes such as signal transduction, proteasome activity, apoptosis, autophagy, transcription, and translation. It can also respond to environmental changes and physiological signals to play the role of "stress receptor" and "nutrition sensor" in a variety of stress responses and biological processes. Even, a homeostatic disorder of O-GlcNAcylation may cause many diseases. Therefore, O-GlcNAcylation and its regulatory role in stress response are reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of Sucker Rod Pumping System in a Directional Well.
- Author
-
Wang, Dong-yu and Liu, Hong-zhao
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Probability of fade for airborne laser communication system over exponentiated Weibull distribution under aperture averaging.
- Author
-
Jing, Zhao, Shang-Hong, Zhao, Wei-Hu, Zhao, Jiyu, Cai, Yun, Liu, and Xuan, Li
- Subjects
- *
LASER communication systems , *WEIBULL distribution , *PROBABILITY theory , *PHOTON-photon interactions , *GAUSSIAN distribution - Abstract
In this paper, the probability of fade is performed for the airborne laser communication systems considering both the atmospheric and aero-optic effects. The atmospheric fluctuation is characterized by the exponentiated Weibull (EW) fading channel. The novel analytical expression is derived for probability of fade according to Meijer’s G function. The probability of fade is demonstrated to the simulation data with the Gamma-Gamma and log-normal distributions. The probability of fade is obtained for different flight altitudes and propagation distances. The probability of fade is analyzed in the airborne laser communication systems under the effect of aperture averaging in weak-to-strong turbulence regime. Results suggest that the proposed EW model is valid in airborne laser communication with high altitude, especially in the lower values of the irradiance under atmospheric turbulence and aero-optics effect. The fading of outage performance can be effectively mitigated by aperture averaging. Furthermore, this work is helpful for the compensate technique of system performance on airborne optical communication system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Adsorption and desorption properties for rhenium using a kind of weak-base anion resin.
- Author
-
Liu, Hong-Zhao, Zhang, Bo, Jing, Xiao-Jing, Wang, Wei, and Wang, Li-Jun
- Abstract
In this paper, a weak-base resin was adopted to recycle rhenium because of its excellent adsorption and desorption properties for rhenium, while the kinetics and thermodynamics properties of adsorbing rhenium from the rhenium stock solution were systematically investigated. The kinetics investigations confirm that the adsorption process of Re belongs to kinetic control by particle diffusion process and the corresponding reaction rate constant is 2.68 × 10
−3 s−1 . Then, the Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium behaviors of Re and the thermodynamics parameters are obtained. The results show that the Langmuir model is the best-fitted model, and the Gibbs free energy change of Re adsorption onto ZS15 weak-base resin is ∆G0 = − 10.59 + 12.66T. To verify the weak-base resins for extracting rhenium in industrial application, the column experiments were operated in the spray solution generating by roasting the molybdenum concentrates. The results indicate that the weak-base resins possess excellent adsorptive selectivity for rhenium, and the ammonia solution with low concentration could sufficiently desorb rhenium from the resins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Investigation on critical cutting depth in milling of wave-transmitting Si3N4 ceramics.
- Author
-
Yunfeng Liu, Xianli Liu, Shiliang Wei, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
SILICON nitride ,SURFACE defects ,CRACK propagation (Fracture mechanics) ,MILLING (Metalwork) ,CERAMIC materials ,BRITTLENESS - Abstract
Wave-transmitting Si3N4 ceramics exhibits high levels of brittleness, and the milling surface inevitably exists defects. Critical cutting depth is an important reference parameter to improve the surface quality and processing efficiency in milling. A theoretical mathematical model has been proposed to predict the critical cutting depth in the study. The contact relationship between the tool cutting edge and the ceramics surface is analyzed, and the non-uniform bearing crack system is established. The micro cracks propagation critical condition has been put as the criterion of critical cutting depth. Through the model calculation, the critical cutting depth is 0.38 mm, and it is confirmed the critical cutting depth is between 0.3 and 0.4 mm with experimental results. The model predictions are consistent well with the experimental results. In addition, the theoreticalmodel shows that the critical cutting depth decreases exponentially with the increase of the material hardness, while the increase of fracture toughness, tool helix angle and side edge rear angle, leads to critical cutting depth rising. The theoretical model can be applied to evaluate the critical cutting depth of brittle ceramics in milling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker on 12-lipoxygenase activity and slit diaphragm protein expression in type 2 diabetic rat glomeruli.
- Author
-
Xu, Hong-zhao, Wang, Wan-ning, Zhang, Yuan-yuan, Cheng, Yan-li, and Xu, Zhong-gao
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Measurement device-independent quantum key distribution with heralded pair coherent state.
- Author
-
Chen, Dong, Shang-Hong, Zhao, and Lei, Shi
- Subjects
- *
COHERENT states , *QUBITS , *BIT error rate , *PROBABILITY theory , *QUANTUM mechanics , *QUANTUM computing - Abstract
The original measurement device-independent quantum key distribution is reviewed, and a modified protocol using heralded pair coherent state (HPCS) is proposed to overcome the quantum bit error rate associated with the dark count rate of the detectors in long-distance quantum key distribution. Our simulation indicates that the secure transmission distance can be improved evidently with HPCS owing to the lower probability of vacuum events when compared with weak coherent source scenario, while the secure key rate can be increased with HPCS due to the higher probability of single-photon events when compared with heralded single-photon source scenario. Furthermore, we apply the finite key analysis to the decoy state MDI-QKD with HPCS and obtain a practical key rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with q-plate.
- Author
-
Chen, Dong, Shang-Hong, Zhao, and Ying, Sun
- Subjects
- *
QUANTUM communication , *COMPUTER network protocols , *QUBITS , *INFORMATION theory , *CODING theory - Abstract
The original measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution is reviewed and a modified protocol using rotation invariant photonic state is proposed. A hybrid encoding approach combined polarization qubit with orbit angular momentum qubit is adopted to overcome the polarization misalignment associated with random rotations in long-distance quantum key distribution. The initial encoding and final decoding of information in our MDI-QKD implementation protocol can be conveniently performed in the polarization space, while the transmission is done in the rotation invariant hybrid space. Our analysis indicates that both the secure key rate and transmission distance can be improved with our modified protocol owing to the lower quantum bit error rate. Furthermore, our hybrid encoding approach only needs to insert four q-plates in practical experiment and to overcome the polarization misalignment problem mentioned above without including any feedback control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Investigation on surface micro-crack evaluation of engineering ceramics by rotary ultrasonic grinding machining.
- Author
-
Shiliang, Wei, Hong, Zhao, Juntao, Jing, and Yunfeng, Liu
- Subjects
- *
SURFACES (Technology) , *CRACK propagation (Fracture mechanics) , *ULTRASONIC machining , *GRINDING & polishing , *MECHANICAL engineering - Abstract
Rotary ultrasonic grinding machining (RUGM) is regarded as the most powerful machining method for engineering ceramic. However, there are micro-cracks on the machined surface inevitably for lower fracture roughness of material. As part of surface integrity, effective parameter and unified criterion are not proposed for micro-crack evaluation. In the paper, surface micro-crack evaluation of engineering ceramics by RUGM was investigated. Micro-crack generation area ratio calculation model and information dimension calculation model were established. On the basis of those, a new evaluation parameter, called micro-crack fractal density, was proposed to reveal the characteristics of micro-crack. The parameter was proved to evaluate micro-crack evolution rule effectively with the advantages of statistics and multi-scale. Meanwhile, the factors affecting micro-crack fractal density evaluation were investigated. It is found that the micro-crack fractal density increases with cutting force rising, while it decreases as fracture toughness rises. The results provide the support for surface integrity evaluation of engineering ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis B10 on biochemical and molecular parameters in the serum and liver of high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
- Author
-
Lei, Kai, Li, Ya-li, Wang, Yang, Wen, Jing, Wu, Hong-zhao, Yu, Dong-you, and Li, Wei-fen
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Zhejiang University: Science B is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Analysis of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution under asymmetric channel transmittance efficiency.
- Author
-
Chen, Dong, Shang-Hong, Zhao, Wei-Hu, Zhao, Lei, Shi, and Gu-Hao, Zhao
- Subjects
- *
QUANTUM information science , *TRANSMITTANCE (Physics) , *QUANTUM optics , *SINGLE photon generation , *PERFORMANCE evaluation - Abstract
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is immune to all the detection attacks. Based on decoy-state method, MDI-QKD can be implemented with nonperfect single-photon sources. In this paper, the performance of three-intensity decoy-state MDI-QKD under asymmetric channel transmittance efficiency is considered and compared with the results under the symmetric choice scenario. The relation between security key generation rate and the total transmission loss is shown with exchanged ratio of the two distances between Alice to the untrusted third party and Bob to the third party. Based on the relationship, an optimal intensity method is proposed to improve the key rate for a fixed distance ratio, which will provide important parameters for practical experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. A Blind Audio Watermarking Algorithm Robust Against Synchronization Attack.
- Author
-
Yue Hao, Jiming Liu, Yu-Ping Wang, Yiu-ming Cheung, Hujun Yin, Licheng Jiao, Jianfeng Ma, Yong-Chang Jiao, Xiangyang Wang, and Hong Zhao
- Abstract
Synchronization attack is one of the key issues of digital audio watermarking. In this paper, a robust digital audio watermarking algorithm in DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) and DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) domain is presented, which can resist synchronization attack effectively. The features of the proposed algorithm are as follows: (1)More steady synchronization code and new embedded strategy are adopted to resist the synchronization attack effectively. (2)The multi-resolution characteristics of DWT and the energy- compression characteristics of DCT are combined to improve the transparency of digital watermark. (3)The algorithm can extract the watermark without the help of the original digital audio signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Transcriptional signaling pathways inversely regulated in Alzheimer's disease and glioblastoma multiform.
- Author
-
Timothy Liu, Ding Ren, Xiaoping Zhu, Zheng Yin, Guangxu Jin, Zhen Zhao, Robinson, Daniel, Xuping Li, Kelvin Wong, Kemi Cui, Hong Zhao, and Wong, Stephen T. C.
- Subjects
GENETIC transcription ,ALZHEIMER'S disease ,GLIOBLASTOMA multiforme ,CELL death ,ANGIOPOIETINS - Abstract
Convincing epidemiological data suggest an inverse association between cancer and neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since both AD and cancer are characterized by abnormal, but opposing cellular behavior, i.e., increased cell death in AD while excessive cell growth occurs in cancer, this motivates us to initiate the study into unraveling the shared genes and cell signaling pathways linking AD and glioblastoma multiform (GBM). In this study, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on clinical microarray datasets of 1,091GBM and 524AD cohorts was performed. Significant genes and pathways were identified from the bioinformatics analyses - in particular ERK/MAPK signaling, up-regulated inGBM and Angiopoietin Signaling pathway, reciprocally up-regulated in AD - connecting GBM and AD (P , 0.001), were investigated in details for their roles in GBM growth in an AD environment. Our results showed that suppression of GBM growth in an AD background was mediated by the ERK-AKT-p21-cell cycle pathway and anti-angiogenesis pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Expression of HOXD3 correlates with shorter survival in patients with invasive breast cancer.
- Author
-
Shaoqiang, Cheng, Yue, Zhang, Yang, Liu, Hong, Zhao, Lina, Zhen, Da, Pang, and Qingyuan, Zhang
- Abstract
Hox genes encode a family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors that determine cellular identity during development and which are also expressed in some types of cancer. The HOXD3 gene, a member of the Hox gene family, has been demonstrated to be expressed in several tumor cell lines, which exhibit enhanced invasion and metastasis through coordinate expression of metastasis-associated factors. However, the clinical impact of HOXD3 in breast cancer remains unclear. In the current study, we examined the expression of HOXD3 and integrin β3 by immunohistochemical staining in patients with invasive breast cancer. We found that HOXD3 expression was significantly frequent in high histopathological grade and hormone-receptor negative breast cancer patients. The expression of HOXD3 was closely associated with integrin β3 expression. Furthermore, patients with high HOXD3 expression levels in their breast tumors had significantly shorter survival times than patients in which HOXD3 was weakly expressed in breast tumors. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that increased HOXD3-expression was an independent and significant factor in predicting poor prognosis for patients with breast cancer. In conclusion, HOXD3 expression is a significant unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with invasive breast cancer and as such is a potentially useful prognostic marker for breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with adolescent thoracic scoliosis: a case report and review of literature.
- Author
-
Yong Zhu, Guixing Qiu, Hong Zhao, Jinqian Liang, and Xiaohua Shi
- Subjects
CASE studies ,BLOOD-vessel tumors ,MEDICAL imaging systems ,SCOLIOSIS ,SPINE abnormalities ,BIOPSY - Abstract
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare locally aggressive vascular tumor that usually presents as a superficial or deep soft tissue mass with associated cutaneous lesions. We report a unique spinal KHE with painless thoracic scoliosis in a 14-year-old girl. She underwent simultaneous tumor biopsy, spinal deformity correction and fusion. At 3 years follow-up, the patient's MRI showed no significant deterioration of process without any therapy. KHE presenting as scoliosis is rare and to our knowledge this is the first recognized case in the reported world literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Laparoendoscopic single-site retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy: a matched-pair comparison with the gold standard.
- Author
-
Tao-ping Shi, Xu Zhang, Xin Ma, Hong-zhao Li, Jie Zhu, Bao-jun Wang, Jiang-ping Gao, Wei Cai, and Juan Dong
- Subjects
ADRENALECTOMY ,CASE-control method ,CONVALESCENCE ,LAPAROSCOPIC surgery ,SURGICAL complications - Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the gold-standard for the surgical treatment of most adrenal lesions. This study evaluated the operative outcome of laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (LESS-ARA) in comparison with the current standard operation procedure. Methods: Between June and December 2009, 19 patients underwent LESS-ARA, and their outcomes were compared with a contemporary 1:2 matched-pair cohort of 38 patients who underwent standard ARA by the same surgeon. In LESS-ARA, a multichannel port was inserted through a 2.5- to 3.0-cm transverse skin incision below the tip of the 12th rib. The LESS-ARA procedure was performed using a 5-mm 30º laparoscopic camera and two standard laparoscopic instruments. The following parameters were compared between the two groups: demographics, details of the surgery, perioperative complications, postoperative visual analog pain scale score, analgesic requirement, and short-term measures of convalescence. Results: The finding showed that LESS-ARA and standard ARA were comparable in terms of the estimated blood loss (30 vs 17.5 ml; p = 0.64), postoperative hospital stay (6 vs 6 days; p = 0.67), and postoperative complications (2 vs 3 patients; p = 1.00) for patients with similar baseline demographics and median tumor size (2.1 vs 3.0; p = 0.18) cm. The intraoperative hemodynamic values were similar in the two groups. The LESS-ARA group had a longer median operative time (55 vs 41.5 min; p = 0.0004), whereas the in-hospital use of analgesics was significantly less (5 vs 12 morphine equivalents; p = 0.03). Conclusions: The LESS retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy approach is feasible and offers a superior cosmetic outcome and better pain control, with perioperative outcomes and short-term measures of convalescence similar to those of the standard approach, albeit with a longer operative time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Growth regulator-induced betacyanin accumulation and dopa-4,5-dioxygenase ( DODA) gene expression in euhalophyte Suaeda salsa calli.
- Author
-
Shu-Zhen Zhao, Hong-Zhao Sun, Ye Gao, Na Sui, and Bao-Shan Wang
- Subjects
- *
PLANT regulators , *PLANT cell development , *CALLUS (Botany) , *AUXIN , *PLANT growth regulation - Abstract
Suaeda salsa calluses cultured in darkness for 28 d were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing various growth regulators under white light conditions for 10 d to investigate cell growth, betacyanin accumulation, and expression of dopa-4,5-dioxygenase ( DODA). Callus growth was markedly promoted when 0.2 mg·L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L 6-BA were added to the MS medium. Surprisingly, of the auxins tested, IAA had no effect on betacyanin content, but 2,4-D strongly decreased betacyanin content. Betacyanin content was positively correlated with 6-BA concentrations in the range of 0.1-2.0 mg·L. DODA mRNA levels were consistent with the response of betacyanin content to exogenous growth regulators. These results suggest that betacyanin metabolism in S. salsa calluses is regulated under white light conditions by growth regulators through the regulation of genes such as DODA that are involved in betacyanin synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Statistical analysis of several reversible data hiding algorithms.
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Hongxia Wang, and Khan, Muhammad Khurram
- Subjects
DIGITAL image watermarking ,DIGITAL image processing ,ALGORITHMS ,WAVELETS (Mathematics) ,GAUSSIAN processes ,GAUSSIAN distribution ,QUANTITATIVE research ,MULTIMEDIA communications ,PROBABILITY theory - Abstract
In this paper, the truth that the current reversible data hiding algorithms are detectable is confirmed by experimental analysis method. By analyzing the distributions of horizontal pixel difference of natural images and watermarked images using several models, we find that the horizontal difference histogram of natural image is significantly altered after being embedded secret message. Furthermore, the difference between the horizontal and the vertical difference histogram of natural image is much less than that of the watermarked image. Then the presence of hiding message can be detected according to the distance between the horizontal and the vertical difference histogram. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach is effective and efficient than the already published schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Genetic impact of vaccination on breakthrough HIV-1 sequences from the STEP trial.
- Author
-
Rolland, Morgane, Tovanabutra, Sodsai, deCamp, Allan C., Frahm, Nicole, Gilbert, Peter B., Sanders-Buell, Eric, Heath, Laura, Magaret, Craig A., Bose, Meera, Bradfield, Andrea, O'Sullivan, Annemarie, Crossler, Jacqueline, Jones, Teresa, Nau, Marty, Kim Wong, Hong Zhao, Raugi, Dana N., Sorensen, Stephanie, Stoddard, Julia N., and Maust, Brandon S.
- Subjects
AIDS vaccines ,VACCINATION complications ,GENOMES ,T cells ,EPITOPES ,PLACEBOS ,AMINO acids ,HLA histocompatibility antigens - Abstract
We analyzed HIV-1 genome sequences from 68 newly infected volunteers in the STEP HIV-1 vaccine trial. To determine whether the vaccine exerted selective T cell pressure on breakthrough viruses, we identified potential T cell epitopes in the founder sequences and compared them to epitopes in the vaccine. We found greater distances to the vaccine sequence for sequences from vaccine recipients than from placebo recipients. The most significant signature site distinguishing vaccine from placebo recipients was Gag amino acid 84, a site encompassed by several epitopes contained in the vaccine and restricted by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles common in the study cohort. Moreover, the extended divergence was confined to the vaccine components of the virus (HIV-1 Gag, Pol and Nef) and not found in other HIV-1 proteins. These results represent what is to our knowledge the first evidence of selective pressure from vaccine-induced T cell responses on HIV-1 infection in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma.
- Author
-
Vu N. Ngo, Ryan M. Young, Schmitz, Roland, Jhavar, Sameer, Wenming Xiao, Kian-Huat Lim, Kohlhammer, Holger, Weihong Xu, Yandan Yang, Hong Zhao, Shaffer, Arthur L., Romesser, Paul, Wright, George, Powell, John, Rosenwald, Andreas, Muller-Hermelink, Hans Konrad, Ott, German, Gascoyne, Randy D., Connors, Joseph M., and Rimsza, Lisa M.
- Subjects
GENETIC mutation ,LYMPHOMAS ,CANCER ,INTERFERONS ,LYMPHOID tissue - Abstract
The activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains the least curable form of this malignancy despite recent advances in therapy. Constitutive nuclear factor (NF)-κB and JAK kinase signalling promotes malignant cell survival in these lymphomas, but the genetic basis for this signalling is incompletely understood. Here we describe the dependence of ABC DLBCLs on MYD88, an adaptor protein that mediates toll and interleukin (IL)-1 receptor signalling, and the discovery of highly recurrent oncogenic mutations affecting MYD88 in ABC DLBCL tumours. RNA interference screening revealed that MYD88 and the associated kinases IRAK1 and IRAK4 are essential for ABC DLBCL survival. High-throughput RNA resequencing uncovered MYD88 mutations in ABC DLBCL lines. Notably, 29% of ABC DLBCL tumours harboured the same amino acid substitution, L265P, in the MYD88 Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain at an evolutionarily invariant residue in its hydrophobic core. This mutation was rare or absent in other DLBCL subtypes and Burkitt's lymphoma, but was observed in 9% of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. At a lower frequency, additional mutations were observed in the MYD88 TIR domain, occurring in both the ABC and germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCL subtypes. Survival of ABC DLBCL cells bearing the L265P mutation was sustained by the mutant but not the wild-type MYD88 isoform, demonstrating that L265P is a gain-of-function driver mutation. The L265P mutant promoted cell survival by spontaneously assembling a protein complex containing IRAK1 and IRAK4, leading to IRAK4 kinase activity, IRAK1 phosphorylation, NF-κB signalling, JAK kinase activation of STAT3, and secretion of IL-6, IL-10 and interferon-β. Hence, the MYD88 signalling pathway is integral to the pathogenesis of ABC DLBCL, supporting the development of inhibitors of IRAK4 kinase and other components of this pathway for the treatment of tumours bearing oncogenic MYD88 mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Intrahepatic levels of PD-1/PD-L correlate with liver inflammation in chronic hepatitis B.
- Author
-
Ji Chen, Xiao-Mei Wang, Xue-Jie Wu, Yan Wang, Hong Zhao, Bing Shen, and Gui-Qiang Wang
- Abstract
Background and objective: Programed cell death-1 (PD-1) represents a mechanism of T-cell dysfunction in hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistence. In peripheral blood, PD-1 is up-regulated in virus-specific T cells, leading to the impairment of T cells. This study investigated the intrahepatic expression of PD-1 and its ligand (PD-L) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus. Methods: Liver specimens were obtained from CHB ( n = 56), acute hepatitis B (AHB, n = 12) patients and age-matched healthy subjects ( n = 10). The expression of PD-1/PD-L was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: In CHB patients, PD-1 was predominantly expressed in lymphocytes infiltrating the portal tract. PD-L1 was detected in lymphocytes, hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, while PD-L2 was localized in Kupffer cells and dendritic cells. The labeling indexes of PD-1 and PD-L1 in lymphocytes infiltrating portal area were significantly higher in CHB patients than in healthy controls and AHB patients. Within the CHB patients, the increases in labeling indexes of PD-1 and PD-L paralleled the degree of inflammation. Conclusions: These results suggest that over-expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 within liver may participate in local immune dysfunction, which could be one of the mechanisms involved in the chronicity of HBV infection and chronic inflammation seen in CHB patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A novel GATA6 mutation in patients with tetralogy of Fallot or atrial septal defect.
- Author
-
Xiaoping Lin, Zhaoxia Huo, Xingyuan Liu, Yangyang Zhang, Li Li, Hong Zhao, Biao Yan, Ying Liu, Yiqing Yang, and Yi-Han Chen
- Subjects
CONGENITAL heart disease ,GENETICS ,GENETIC mutation ,MYOCARDIUM ,PATIENTS ,TRANSCRIPTION factors - Abstract
GATA6 is a member of the GATA family of transcription factors, and its expression and functions overlap with those of GATA4 during heart development. Mutations in GATA4 have been related to human congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in several studies, whereas mutations in GATA6 have only recently been reported in patients with persistent truncus arteriosus. Animal experiments have revealed critical roles for GATA6 in the development of the myocardium and cardiac morphogenesis, thereby highlighting the potential involvement of GATA6 defects in the pathogenesis of CHDs. Here, we screened the GATA6 in 270 individuals with sporadic CHDs by direct sequencing. After identification of the mutation, a luciferase reporter assay and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect functional changes in the mutant transcription factor. The same heterozygous missense mutation (Ser184Asn) was identified in three patients, including one with tetralogy of Fallot and two with atrial septal defects. This mutation was not found in 500 unrelated ethnically matched healthy subjects. Direct sequencing of this region in the parents of these three patients revealed the same mutation in one of the parents for each patient, and one of the parent carriers presented with a bicuspid aortic valve. Biological analysis revealed clearly decreased transcriptional activity of GATA6 Ser184Asn in vitro. All these data suggest that GATA6 Ser184Asn is a novel mutation associated with CHDs and has an important role in disease pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Effects of Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolic System on Soybean ( Glycine max) Under Exogenous Chitosan to Ozone Stress.
- Author
-
Tian Hong Zhao, Jun Li Wang, Yan Wang, Jia Wei Sun, and Ying Cao
- Subjects
OXYGEN in the body ,SOYBEAN ,CHITOSAN ,ENZYME regulation ,PEROXIDATION ,ANTIOXIDANTS - Abstract
In order to reveal effect mechanism of crop reactive oxygen species metabolic system under exogenous chitosan to ozone stress, open top chambers were utilized to investigate the change of reactive oxygen species production rate, lipid peroxidation extent, anti-oxidative enzymes activities and antioxidant content in soybean ( Glycine max) leaves. Exogenous chitosan treatment relieves the aggravation of reactive oxygen species damage through ozone stress, which represents protective efficacy to soybean, the superoxide anion production rate, hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde content and membrane permeability decreased, while anti-oxidative enzymes activity and anti-oxidative substances increased. But the alleviation of exogenous chitosan to ozone is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Light-regulated betacyanin accumulation in euhalophyte Suaeda salsa calli.
- Author
-
Shu-Zhen Zhao, Hong-Zhao Sun, Min Chen, and Bao-Shan Wang
- Abstract
Suaeda salsa calli cultured in darkness for 28 days were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 0.5 mg l
−1 Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1.0 mg l−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) under different light conditions for 10 days to investigate effect of light on betacyanin accumulation and its relation to activity and expression of tyrosinase and expression of dopa-4,5-dioxygenase gene ( DODA). Both light quality and quantity affected betacyanin synthesis of S. salsa calli. 80 μmol m−2 s−1 of white light intensity was optimal for cell growth and betacyanin accumulation of S. salsa calli. DODA mRNA levels and tyrosinase activity were consistent with the response of betacyanin content to different light quality. However, the protein levels of tyrosinase extracted from S. salsa calli response to different light quality were constant. These results suggest that betacyanin metabolism in S. salsa calli is regulated by different light quality through the regulation of genes such as DODA and tyrosinase activity but not via alteration of the protein amount of tyrosinase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Polymorphisms in CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 genes associated with primary hyperaldosteronism.
- Author
-
Zhang, Guo-xi, Wang, Bao-jun, Ouyang, Jin-zhi, Deng, Xi-yuan, Ma, Xin, Li, Hong-zhao, Wu, Zhun, Liu, Shuang-lin, Xu, Hua, and Zhang, Xu
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Chronic active B-cell-receptor signalling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
- Author
-
Davis, R. Eric, Ngo, Vu N., Lenz, Georg, Tolar, Pavel, Young, Ryan M., Romesser, Paul B., Kohlhammer, Holger, Lamy, Laurence, Hong Zhao, Yandan Yang, Weihong Xu, Shaffer, Arthur L., Wright, George, Wenming Xiao, Powell, John, Jian-kang Jiang, Thomas, Craig J., Rosenwald, Andreas, Ott, German, and Muller-Hermelink, Hans Konrad
- Subjects
LYMPHOMAS ,LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE disorders ,CELL membranes ,LYMPHOID tissue ,NUCLEIC acids ,TYROSINE ,B cells ,PROTEIN-tyrosine kinases ,RNA - Abstract
A role for B-cell-receptor (BCR) signalling in lymphomagenesis has been inferred by studying immunoglobulin genes in human lymphomas and by engineering mouse models, but genetic and functional evidence for its oncogenic role in human lymphomas is needed. Here we describe a form of ‘chronic active’ BCR signalling that is required for cell survival in the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The signalling adaptor CARD11 is required for constitutive NF-κB pathway activity and survival in ABC DLBCL. Roughly 10% of ABC DLBCLs have mutant CARD11 isoforms that activate NF-κB, but the mechanism that engages wild-type CARD11 in other ABC DLBCLs was unknown. An RNA interference genetic screen revealed that a BCR signalling component, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, is essential for the survival of ABC DLBCLs with wild-type CARD11. In addition, knockdown of proximal BCR subunits (IgM, Ig-κ, CD79A and CD79B) killed ABC DLBCLs with wild-type CARD11 but not other lymphomas. The BCRs in these ABC DLBCLs formed prominent clusters in the plasma membrane with low diffusion, similarly to BCRs in antigen-stimulated normal B cells. Somatic mutations affecting the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signalling modules of CD79B and CD79A were detected frequently in ABC DLBCL biopsy samples but rarely in other DLBCLs and never in Burkitt’s lymphoma or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. In 18% of ABC DLBCLs, one functionally critical residue of CD79B, the first ITAM tyrosine, was mutated. These mutations increased surface BCR expression and attenuated Lyn kinase, a feedback inhibitor of BCR signalling. These findings establish chronic active BCR signalling as a new pathogenetic mechanism in ABC DLBCL, suggesting several therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Monotone Iterative Technique for First-Order Nonlinear Periodic Boundary Value Problems on Time Scales.
- Author
-
Ya-Hong Zhao and Jian-Ping Sun
- Subjects
- *
NUMERICAL solutions to boundary value problems , *ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics) , *MONOTONIC functions , *FIXED point theory , *APPROXIMATION theory , *FRACTIONAL calculus , *PERIODIC functions - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. A Class of Logarithmically Completely Monotonic Functions Associated with a Gamma Function.
- Author
-
Tie-Hong Zhao and Yu-Ming Chu
- Subjects
- *
MONOTONIC functions , *GAMMA functions , *LOGARITHMIC functions , *MATHEMATICAL inequalities , *BIVECTORS - Abstract
We show that the function Gα,β(x) = exΓ(x +a)/(x + β)x+β is strictly logarithmically completely monotonic on (0,∞) if and only if (α, β) ϵ ((α, β) : 0 < α ⩽ β) and [Gα,β(x)]-1 is strictly logarithmically completely monotonic on (0,∞) if and only if (α, β) ϵ ((α, β) : 0 < β ⩽ α - 1/2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and O3 on Hill Activity and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase Activity of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.
- Author
-
Tian Hong Zhao, Dan Guo, Yan Wang, Mei Yu Wang, Dong Yan Jin, Jun Li Wang, and Xing Yuan He
- Subjects
PINE ,CARBON dioxide ,CARBON dioxide & the environment ,OZONE & the environment ,CARBON & the environment - Abstract
The main photo-physiological characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. were analyzed in open-top chambers under elevated carbon dioxide and ozone concentrations. The results indicated that the leaves net photosynthetic rates ( p < 0.05), Hill activity, Ca
2+ /Mg2+ -ATPase activity, soluble sugar and starch contents all increased under elevated carbon dioxide concentration in whole growing season. While under elevated ozone concentration, the leaves net photosynthetic rates, Hill activity, Ca2+ /Mg2+ -ATPase activity, soluble sugar and starch contents all decreased. Under elevated carbon dioxide and ozone concentration, the leaves net photosynthetic rates, Hill activity, soluble sugar and starch contents all increased, but Ca2+ -ATPase activity increased during the earlier growing season, decreased in later growing season, while Mg2+ -ATPase activity responded contrarily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Genetic variations in chemoattractant receptor expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) is associated with asthma susceptibility in Chinese children.
- Author
-
Jinhui Wang, Yongchen Xu, Hong Zhao, Hong Sui, Hongyan Liang, and Xiaofeng Jiang
- Abstract
Abstract We investigated the allele and genotype frequencies of two common CRTH2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [G1544C and A1651G (rs 545659)] in the 3′-untranslated region and the relationship between these SNPs and serum IL-13 levels in Chinese children patients with asthma. For G1544C and A1651G SNPs, there were significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between asthma patients and controls. Haplotype analysis yielded additional evidence of linkage disequilibrium for the 1544G–1651G haplotype (P [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Molecular characterization and association analysis with production traits of the porcine INPP5F Gene.
- Author
-
Quan-Yong Zhou, Jiang-Nan Huang, Meng-Jin Zhu, and Shu-Hong Zhao
- Abstract
Abstract Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase F (INPP5F) is one of the largest families of phosphoinositide phosphatases, 5-phosphatase. It contains a Sac domain whose amino acids are essential for inositol polyphosphate phosphatase activities. Here, we assigned the porcine INPP5F to SSC14q29 by using SCHP and IMpRH. Sequencing of PCR products from different breeds identified an A/G polymorphism in the last exon. The allele frequencies of this SNP showed that the Yorkshire and Duroc pigs have high G allele frequency, whereas the local pigs have high A allele frequency. Association analysis of the genotypes with growth and carcass traits found that different genotypes of INPP5F have significant differences in average daily gain (ADG) (P [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Monotonic and Logarithmically Convex Properties of a Function Involving Gamma Functions.
- Author
-
Tie-Hong Zhao, Yu-Ming Chu, and Yue-Ping Jiang
- Subjects
- *
MONOTONIC functions , *LOGARITHMIC functions , *CONVEX functions , *GAMMA functions , *MATHEMATICAL inequalities , *NATURAL numbers - Abstract
Using the series-expansion of digamma functions and other techniques, some monotonicity and logarithmical concavity involving the ratio of gamma function are obtained, which is to give a partially affirmative answer to an open problem posed by B.-N. Guo and F. Qi. Several inequalities for the geometric means of natural numbers are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Investigation on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Using a Tungsten Halogen Lamp as Light Source.
- Author
-
Yuping Chen, Hong Zhao, and Zhao Wang
- Subjects
- *
OPTICAL images , *LIGHT sources , *TOMOGRAPHY , *AXIAL flow , *SCIENTIFIC method , *FEASIBILITY studies - Abstract
The article presents a study which investigates thermal-light source spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) technique. Results show that the technique is feasible and makes it possible to reconstruct images of the internal structure of engineering and biological objects. The image acquisition rate can be very fast with a SDOCT system and the axial resolution may be significantly and economically ameliorated with a thermal light system are the main advantage of the technique.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Encephalic large arteries narrowness and peripheral neuropathy in a patient with adult-onset Still’s disease.
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Yun Yuan, Yue Li, Chong-Wen Si, Geng-Shan Tian, Gui-Qiang Wang, and Xue-Dong Yang
- Subjects
- *
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS , *CENTRAL nervous system diseases , *CORTICOSTERONE , *ANTI-inflammatory agents , *BLOOD testing , *CRANIAL nerves - Abstract
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare, systemic inflammatory disorder, characterized by spiking high fever, fever-associated evanescent rash, arthritis, myalgia, serositis and hepatosplenomegaly. White blood cell count, neutrophilic cell count, and serum ferritin level are markedly elevated in the active stage of the disease. Neurological complications of AOSD commonly were cranial nerve palsies, seizures, aseptic meningoencephalitis, peripheral neuropathy and Miller–Fisher syndrome. We report a previously healthy 60-year-old Chinese man who fulfilled the criteria for AOSD and had a combination of focal and peripheral neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) showed narrowness of cerebral blood vessel. Peripheral neuropathy was confirmed by electromyography and sural nerve biopsy. His generalized neuropathy and other symptoms were rapidly improved by receiving glucocorticoid therapy. We do a literature review about neurological manifestations observed in AOSD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Highly efficient Agrobacterium-based transformation system for callus cells of the C3 halophyte Suaeda salsa.
- Author
-
Zhao, Shu-Zhen, Ruan, Yuan, Sun, Hong-Zhao, and Wang, Bao-Shan
- Abstract
Genetic manipulation technologies have been limited in the halophyte Suaeda salsa L. due to the lack of an efficient transformation system. Here, we examined factors affecting transformation and developed an efficient transformation system at the cell level using S. salsa hypocotyl as starting material. S. salsa hypocotyl explants from 10-day-old seedlings were precultured for 2 days on a hygromycin (hyg)-free callus induction medium (CIM) and then inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens suspension at a concentration of 0.5 at OD
600 for 5–10 min. After cocultivation with A. tumefaciens for 4 days in the dark, followed by selection on carbenicillin (carb) for 3 days, explants were placed on CIM containing 10 mg l−1 hyg and 500 mg l−1 carb with three to four consecutive subcultures for up to 45 days. β-Glucuronidase assays showed an average transformation frequency of 62.89%. Gene integration was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis and Northern blot analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in the C3 halophyte S. salsa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Control of nanoparticle size and agglomeration through electric-field-enhanced flame synthesis.
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Xiaofei Liu, and Stephen Tse
- Subjects
- *
ELECTROPHORESIS , *NANOPARTICLES , *ELECTRIC fields , *THERMIONIC emission - Abstract
Abstract The isolated study of electrophoretic transport of nanoparticles (that are innately charged through thermionic emission), with no ionic wind, has been conducted under uniform electric fields. Titania nanoparticles are produced using a burner-supported low-pressure premixed flame in a stagnation-point geometry from corresponding organometallic vapor precursor. The material processing flow field is probed in-situ using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to map OH-radical concentrations and gas-phase temperatures. The experimental results of particle growth under different applied electric fields are compared with computations using monodisperse and sectional models. The results show that such electric field application can decrease aggregate particle size (e.g. from 40 to 18 nm), maintain metastable phases and particle crystallinity, and non-monotonically affect primary particle size (e.g. from 6 to 5 nm) and powder surface area. A specific surface area (SSA) for anatase titania nanopowder of 310 m2/g, when synthesized under an applied electric field of 125 V/cm, is reported. Results are also given for the synthesis of alumina nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. An intensive understanding of vacuum infiltration transformation of pakchoi ( Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis ).
- Author
-
Xiufeng Wang, Hong Zhao, and Fan Liu
- Subjects
- *
PLANT genetic transformation , *ARABIDOPSIS thaliana , *AGROBACTERIUM tumefaciens , *CHINESE cabbage - Abstract
Abstract Pakchoi (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis), a kind of Chinese cabbage, is an important vegetable in Asian countries. Agrobacterium mediated in planta vacuum infiltration transformation has been performed in pakchoi since 1998, but a detailed study on this technique was lacking. Pakchoi plants 40–50 days old with inflorescences were vacuum infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 harboring the binary vector pBBBast-gus-intron. The transformation frequency in the harvested seeds mainly varied from 1 × 10−4 to 3 × 10−4 over several years, and it was lower than the frequency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transformants were obtained from both the upper and the lower parts of the infiltrated plants with or without an elongated inflorescence. Stained ovules and pollen grains were found in the unopened flower 13 days post-infiltration, which was about 0.5–1 mm in diameter at infiltration time with an open ovary as revealed by paraffin sections. Histochemical assays revealed that Agrobacteria were more abundant in the flower tissue than in stem and leaf tissues at all times after infiltration despite the sharp decrease of live Agrobacteria in plant 14 days post infiltration as revealed by the colony forming units on the Agrobacteria culture medium. The results of vacuum infiltration transformation of pakchoi and Arabidopsis thaliana were compared and a strategy to optimize the transformation conditions to increase the transformation frequency in pakchoi was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
41. IRF4 addiction in multiple myeloma.
- Author
-
Shaffer, Arthur L., Emre, N. C. Tolga, Lamy, Laurence, Ngo, Vu N., Wright, George, Wenming Xiao, Powell, John, Dave, Sandeep, Xin Yu, Hong Zhao, Yuxin Zeng, Bangzheng Chen, Epstein, Joshua, and Staudt, Louis M.
- Subjects
TRANSCRIPTION factors ,MULTIPLE myeloma ,PLASMA cells ,GENETIC regulation ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,INTERFERONS ,LYMPHOCYTE transformation ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,IMMUNE response ,HYBRIDOMAS - Abstract
The transcription factor IRF4 (interferon regulatory factor 4) is required during an immune response for lymphocyte activation and the generation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Multiple myeloma, a malignancy of plasma cells, has a complex molecular aetiology with several subgroups defined by gene expression profiling and recurrent chromosomal translocations. Moreover, the malignant clone can sustain multiple oncogenic lesions, accumulating genetic damage as the disease progresses. Current therapies for myeloma can extend survival but are not curative. Hence, new therapeutic strategies are needed that target molecular pathways shared by all subtypes of myeloma. Here we show, using a loss-of-function, RNA-interference-based genetic screen, that IRF4 inhibition is toxic to myeloma cell lines, regardless of transforming oncogenic mechanism. Gene expression profiling and genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis uncovered an extensive network of IRF4 target genes and identified MYC as a direct target of IRF4 in activated B cells and myeloma. Unexpectedly, IRF4 was itself a direct target of MYC transactivation, generating an autoregulatory circuit in myeloma cells. Although IRF4 is not genetically altered in most myelomas, they are nonetheless addicted to an aberrant IRF4 regulatory network that fuses the gene expression programmes of normal plasma cells and activated B cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Wuhan, China and Pittsburgh, USA: Urban Environmental Health Past, Present, and Future.
- Author
-
Ali, Robbie and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
EFFECT of environment on human beings ,ENVIRONMENTAL health ,HUMAN ecology ,HEALTH ,NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations ,INTERNATIONAL agencies - Abstract
This article briefly reviews environmental history in the “Sister Cities” of Wuhan, China and Pittsburgh, USA. Specifically, it analyzes key changes in air, water, land, and sustainability in each of the two cities in terms of both “driving forces” and of the actions of key stakeholders (policymakers, educators, industry/business, nongovernmental organizations [NGOs], and the public). It concludes by discussing prospects for synergies between the two cities in continuing to improve environmental health, and the implications of these ideas for other cities in both the “developing” and the “developed” world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Structure and Significance of S-wave Velocity and Poisson’s Ratio in the Crust beneath the Eastern Side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
- Author
-
Jiafu Hu, Haiyan Yang, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
SHEAR waves ,ELASTIC waves ,POISSON'S ratio - Abstract
The receiver functions of body waves of distant earthquakes obtained for the regions beneath 41 digital stations (Lhasa and GANZ in Tibet, Mandalay and Rangoon in Myanmar, SHIO in India, CHTO in Thailand, and station network in Sichuan and Yunnan) were used to invert for S-wave structure in the crust and upper mantle in Sichuan, Yunnan, and their surrounding areas. Meanwhile the distribution characteristics of the Poisson’s ration and the crustal thickness in Sichuan and Yunnan areas were also obtained. Results indicate that the depth of Moho beneath the eastern side of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau varies strikingly. It is obvious that the greatest changes in crustal thickness occur in a north-south direction. The crustal thickness decreases from north to south, being as thick as 70 km in eastern Tibet, the northern portion of our area of interest, and less than 30 km in Chaing Mai and Rangoon, the southern portion of our area. There are, however, exceptions regarding the trend. The thickness exhibits an east-west variation trend in the area from Ma’erkong-Kongding in Sichuan to Lijiang in Yunnan. In general the Jinpingshan-Longmenshan fault and Anninghe fault can be taken as the boundaries of this exception area. The thickness in Kongding in the west is 68 km, while it is only 39 km in Yongchuan in the east. Moreover the Poisson’s ratio values in the blocks of central Sichuan and Sichuan-Yunnan Diamond are high, and a low velocity layer in the crust of this area can be obviously detected. The distribution characteristics of the high Poisson’s ratio and the low velocity of the crust in this block correspond to the tectonic structure, being in contrast with the surrounding areas. Combining with the distribution features of the modern tectonic stress field, it is deduced that the Sichuan-Yunnan area is probably the channel through which the materials of the lithosphere flow eastward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Stromal gene expression predicts clinical outcome in breast cancer.
- Author
-
Finak, Greg, Bertos, Nicholas, Pepin, Francois, Sadekova, Svetlana, Souleimanova, Margarita, Hong Zhao, Haiying Chen, Omeroglu, Gulbeyaz, Meterissian, Sarkis, Omeroglu, Atilla, Hallett, Michael, and Park, Morag
- Subjects
BREAST cancer ,GENE expression ,TUMORS ,IMMUNE response ,CANCER invasiveness - Abstract
Although it is increasingly evident that cancer is influenced by signals emanating from tumor stroma, little is known regarding how changes in stromal gene expression affect epithelial tumor progression. We used laser capture microdissection to compare gene expression profiles of tumor stroma from 53 primary breast tumors and derived signatures strongly associated with clinical outcome. We present a new stroma-derived prognostic predictor (SDPP) that stratifies disease outcome independently of standard clinical prognostic factors and published expression-based predictors. The SDPP predicts outcome in several published whole tumor–derived expression data sets, identifies poor-outcome individuals from multiple clinical subtypes, including lymph node–negative tumors, and shows increased accuracy with respect to previously published predictors, especially for HER2-positive tumors. Prognostic power increases substantially when the predictor is combined with existing outcome predictors. Genes represented in the SDPP reveal the strong prognostic capacity of differential immune responses as well as angiogenic and hypoxic responses, highlighting the importance of stromal biology in tumor progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Intermediate binding of phycocyanobilin to the lyase, CpeS1, and transfer to apoprotein.
- Author
-
Michaela Kupka, Stephan Böhm, Matthias Plöscher, Lutz Eichacker, Kai-Hong Zhao, and Hugo Scheer
- Abstract
Abstract  The phycobilin: Cysteine-84-phycobiliprotein lyase, CpeS1, catalyzes phycocyanobilin (PCB) and phycoerythrobilin attachment to nearly all cysteine-84 (consensus sequence) binding sites of phycoerythrin, phycoerythrocyanin, phycocyanin and allophycocyanin (Zhao et al. (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:14300â14305). We now show that CpeS1 can bind PCB, as assayed by Ni2 chelating affinity chromatography. Binding is rapid, and the chromophore is bound in an extended conformation similar to that in phycobiliproteins but only poorly fluorescent. Upon addition of apo-biliproteins, the chromophore is transferred to the latter much slower (â¼1 h), indicating that chromophorylated CpeS1 is an intermediate in the enzymatic reaction. In addition, imidazole is bound to PCB, as shown by mass spectroscopy of tryptic digests of the intermediate CpeS1âPCB complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
46. Production and analysis of intergeneric somatic hybrids between Brassica oleracea and Matthiola incana.
- Author
-
Fan Liu, Yuelin Zhu, Hong Zhao, Li Zhang, and Bin Chen
- Abstract
Abstract  The gene pool of Brassica oleracea was enriched via intergeneric somatic hybridization between B. oleracea (2n = 18) and Matthiola incana (2n = 14). One hundred and eighteen plants were obtained from 96 calli. Only four plants (H1, H2, H3 and H4) showed an intermediate phenotype from the parents; among these, H1 and H3 arose from the same callus. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), and cytological analyses confirmed that H1 and H3 were hybrids. The nuclear DNA content of the regenerated plants was determined by flow cytometry. More than half of the plants contained a nuclear DNA content of 1.3 to 3.9 pg/cell, which was higher than the content of B. oleracea but lower than that of M. incana. H1 contained 4.89 � 0.02 pg of DNA per cell, while H3 nuclear DNA content was estimated at 4.87 � 0.06 pg/cell. Cytological study of the root-tip cells revealed that the majority of the H1 and H3 hybrid cells contained 28 chromosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
47. Effect of telmisartan on expression of protein kinase C-α in kidneys of diabetic mice.
- Author
-
Li-jun Yao, Jian-qing Wang, Hong Zhao, Jian-she Liu, and An-guo Deng
- Subjects
ANGIOTENSINS ,PROTEIN kinases ,STREPTOZOTOCIN ,THERAPEUTICS ,IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ,VASCULAR endothelial growth factors - Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effects of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) telmisartan on the expression and distribution of protein kinase C (PKC)-α in the kidneys of diabetic mice. Methods: Diabetic mice were induced with streptozotocin and a group of them were randomly selected for treatment with telmisartan. After 6 weeks, the expression and localization of PKC-α in the renal cortex, and the outer and inner medulla were assessed by immunohistochemistry and semiquantitative Western blotting. In addition, expressions of PKC-α, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in glomeruli were measured by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. Results: Diabetic and normal mice showed similar distributions of PKC-α in the kidneys. The expression of PKC-α was found in glomeruli, epithelial cells of proximal tubules, and medullary-collecting duct, while not in the medullary and cortical thick ascending limb, and was different in the epithelial cells of proximal tubules of diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice, PKC-α was mostly translocated from the basement membrane to the apical membrane, whereas it was largely translocated from the apical membrane to the basement membrane in epithelial cells of the inner medullary-collecting duct. Western blotting detected increased expression of PKC-α in the renal cortex and outer medulla, but not in the inner medulla of DN mice. Enhanced expressions of PKC-α, TGF-β1, and VEGF were shown in the glomeruli of DN mice, where PKC-α exhibited a correlation to VEGF, but no correlation to TGF-β1. ARB telmisartan attenuated alterations of PKC-α as mentioned earlier in the DN mice. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PKC-α may play a role in the pathogenesis of DN, and that the nephroprotective effects of ARB telmisartan may be partly associated with its influence on PKC-α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Correlation Between Antifungal Agent Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid and Pyoluteorin Biosynthesis in Pseudomonas sp. M18.
- Author
-
Yi-He Ge, Dong-Li Pei, Yan-Hong Zhao, Wei-Wei Li, Shu-Fang Wang, and Yu-Quan Xu
- Subjects
BIOSYNTHESIS ,CARBOXYLIC acids ,PSEUDOMONAS ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,GENOMICS ,GENE libraries - Abstract
Biosynthesis and secretion of two different types of antifungal compound [phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) and pyoluteorin (Plt) in Pseudomonas sp. M18] contribute to its suppression of soil-borne root pathogens. To better understand the correlation between two antifungal agents in secondary metabolism, a DNA fragment covering partial pltC and pltD coding sequences was obtained by screening the genomic library of Pseudomonas sp. M18. A mutant, M18T, was then constructed by insertion of the aacC1 gene cassette (encoding gentamycin resistance). With the same methods, one PCA biosynthetic gene cluster was insertionally inactivated and a mutant M18Z1 was created. The mutant strain M18T produces no Plt and the same amount of PCA in comparison with the wild-type strain M18. The mutant M18Z1, however, produces less PCA but more Plt than the wild-type strain M18. According to the documented data on strain M18, it is suggested that production of PCA is not influenced by Plt yield, but Plt biosynthesis is influenced by an alteration of PCA production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Thermal post-bunkling analyses of functionally graded material rod.
- Author
-
Feng-qun Zhao, Zhong-min Wang, and Hong-zhao Liu
- Subjects
DIFFERENTIAL equations ,FUNCTIONALLY gradient materials ,MECHANICAL buckling ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,FRACTURE mechanics - Abstract
The non-linear governing differential equations of immovably simply supported functionally graded material (FGM) rod subjected to thermal loads were derived. The thermal post-buckling behaviors of FGM rod made of ZrO
2 and Ti-6A1-4V were analyzed by shooting method. Firstly, the thermal post-buckling equilibrium paths of the FGM rod with different gradient index in the uniform temperature field were plotted, and compared with the behaviors of the homogeneous rods made of ZrO2 and Ti-6A1-4V materials, respectively. For given value of end rotation angles, the influence of gradient index on the thermal post-buckling behaviors of FGM rod was discussed. Secondly, the thermal post-buckling characteristics of the FGM rod were analyzed when the temperature difference parameter is changed while the bottom temperature parameter remains constant, and when the bottom temperature parameter is changed while the temperature difference parameter remains constant, and compared with the characteristics of the two homogeneous material rods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. New explicit and exact solutions for a compound KdV-Burgers equation.
- Author
-
Hong Zhao
- Subjects
- *
EQUATIONS , *MATHEMATICS , *COMPLEX compounds , *EXPONENTIAL functions - Abstract
Abstract In this paper, new explicit and exact solutions for a compound KdV-Burgers equation are obtained using the hyperbolic function method and the Wu elimination method, which include new solitary wave solutions and periodic solutions. Particularly important cases of the equation, such as the compound KdV, mKdV-Burgers and mKdV equations can be solved by this method. The method can also be applied to solve other nonlinear partial differential equation and equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.