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In this study, the AlFe2O4@n-Pr@Et-SO3H heterogeneous catalyst was successfully synthesized and utilized to produce biodiesel from oleic acid through an esterification process and to oxidize sulfides. To examine the physicochemical characteristics of the AlFe2O4@n-Pr@Et-SO3H nanomaterial, a variety of advanced techniques were employed, including Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Elemental Mapping, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The AlFe2O4@n-Pr@Et-SO3H materials demonstrated excellent performance in both the esterification of oleic acid and the oxidation of sulfides. Moreover, the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused multiple times without a significant reduction in its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density functional theory calculations were conducted to explore the impacts of the incorporation of the Au metals on the adsorption capabilities of MoTe2 toward thiol based S containing molecules. The most favorable positioning of Au atom is on the hollow site of MoTe2 above three Te atoms, which gives rise to the coordination between Au and Se atoms. Most of the adsorption events focus on the substantial interaction between the S atom of considered organic molecules and the surface Au atom, which are fully described and interpreted based on the charge density and density of states plots. Thus, the favorite adsorption model for all the organic molecules is the adsorption based on strong Au-S mutual interactions. The primary aim in this work is to develop a theoretical basis to expose the potential talents of Au-MoTe2 based nanosheets for use in smart sensors of thiol based organic molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript presents the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of 4H-furo[3,4-b]pyran derivatives using a novel catalyst composed of an Fe3O4-supported Schiff base-Ni(II) complex. The incorporation of ultrasound technology significantly enhances the efficiency and yields of the reaction, highlighting a green chemistry approach to synthesizing these biologically significant compounds. The synthesized derivatives were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques to confirm their structural integrity and purity. Furthermore, the catalytic performance of the Fe3O4-supported complex was evaluated, demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting the reaction under mild conditions. This study not only highlights the potential of ultrasound-assisted methodologies in organic synthesis and emphasizes the usefulness of metal–organic frameworks in catalysis, paving the way for further exploration of sustainable synthetic strategies for complex organic molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the fuel injection configuration on the propulsion efficiency of high-speed vehicles is apparent. In this article, the use of an annular extruded 4-lobe nozzle for the injection of fuel jet in a supersonic combustor of a scramjet engine in the existence of a shock generator is examined. The main aim of this study is to obtain the efficient jet arrangement for efficient fuel mixing inside the engine of hypersonic vehicles. A numerical approach is used to model the supersonic air stream and cross-jet flow with the SST turbulence model. The role of nozzle altitude and internal air jet on the fuel mixing of the hydrogen within the high-speed domain are disclosed. The importance of the horseshoe vortex and counter-rotating vortex on the fuel distribution is also presented. Our results show that the usage of a coaxial jet instead of an annular jet would increase fuel mixing by more than 40% in the combustion chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]