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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Internist is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Schmerz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the increasing importance of early recognition and differential diagnosis of dementias, cerebral perfusion scans using “single photon emission computed tomography” (SPECT) are increasingly integrated into the examination routine. The goal of this study was to check the diagnostic validity of SPECT scans of MCI- and DAT-patients, two subgroups out of 369 persons with etiologically unclear cognitive dysfunction, which underwent an assessment program for probable dementia including cognitive testing, cranial computed tomography, ultrasound, routine laboratory testing including vascular risk factors. After exclusion of patients with no or other forms of dementia we analyzed SPECT data of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 85) and dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT; n = 78) in comparison with a healthy control group (n = 34). Visual assessment as well as a manual “regions of interest” (ROI) regionalization of the cortex were performed, whereby a ROI/cerebellum ratio was calculated as a semi-quantitative value. Association cortex areas were assessed regarding frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes of both hemispheres. When comparing the ratios of patients with DAT and controls, we found a statistically significant reduction of the cerebral perfusion in all measured cortex areas (p < 0.001). The comparison of patients with MCI with the selected control group also established a statistically significant difference in the cerebral perfusion for the evaluated cortex areas with the exception of the left hemispheric frontal and parietal cortex. A considerable number of the MCI patients showed an MMSE-score within the normal range, but with regard to the perfusion in the right hemispheric association cortex these patients also could be distinguished unambiguously from controls. Sensitivity levels found by visual assessment were at least as high as those found by the ROI method (pathological assessment: visual 49.4% vs. ROI 47.1% for MCI; visual 75.6% vs. ROI 73.1% for DAT). High experienced visual assessment of cerebral perfusion scans using SPECT provides an useful additional tool in diagnosis of cognitive impairment. The used semiquantitative ROI-method is nearly equivalent and does not depend on the experience of the investigator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/hypothesis: Several studies have investigated the lipoprotein phenotype in heterozygous carriers of a defective lipoprotein lipase allele. We studied whether heterozygosity for lipoprotein lipase deficiency also affects glucose metabolism beyond its effect on plasma lipids. Methods: To address this question 85 heterozygous carriers of either a missense mutation (Gly188Glu) or a splice site mutation (C→A in position –3 at the acceptor splice site of intron 6) in the LPL gene which both result in a catalytically inactive product were compared with 108 unaffected subjects from the same families. Results: Carriers for one of these mutations had higher fasting insulin levels but only a trend towards increased fasting blood glucose concentrations could be detected. HOMA index values were significantly higher in carriers than in non-carriers. Furthermore, in carriers, a significantly higher BMI and a trend towards higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed. Carriers also had significantly higher fasting triglycerides, lower HDL cholesterol, and lipoprotein lipase particles of smaller size, confirming previous reports. Among carriers, subjects with one rare allele of the SstI polymorphism in the apo CIII gene had significantly higher plasma triglyceride levels than those with two common SstI alleles. This difference could not be observed in non-carriers of a mutant lipoprotein-lipase allele. The mean intima media thickness of the carotid arteries was slightly, but not significantly higher in carriers when compared with non-carriers. Conclusion/interpretation: This study shows that carrier status of one defective lipoprotein-lipase allele is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity, an atherogenic lipoprotein profile and other characteristics of the metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease. A higher incidence of atherosclerotic vascular disease, however, could not be firmly established in carriers of this study population. [Diabetologia (2002) 45: 377–384] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]