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With the vigorous development of information technology, online rumors are spreading recklessly. In this article, by comprehensive consideration of the stochastic disturbance, generalized nonlinear incidence, education age and punishment age, the dynamical behaviors of a novel stochastic SEIFR (susceptible-educated-infected-forced silence-removed) rumor spreading model with class-age structure under the generalized nonlinear incidence is analyzed and discussed. Firstly, given that the ubiquity of stochastic disturbance in the process of rumor spreading, a stochastic rumor spreading model is established. Secondly, the existence of the unique global positive solution for the stochastic model is manifested. Thirdly, the sufficient condition of rumor extinction is attained by virtue of Itô's formula and strong law of large numbers. Additionally, the existence of a unique stationary distribution implying the rumor persistence is investigated based on the method of Khasminskii. Finally, some simulations and a practical application are carried to validate the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the dissemination of malicious information on online social networks, this paper proposes a new positive–negative information propagation model that incorporates the conformist psychological factors of communicators during the dissemination process. Firstly, the local and global stability of information-free equilibrium is analyzed and three types of information-spread equilibria are obtained. The persistence of information spreading is expounded in detail. Secondly, two different control strategies are designed to suppress the spread of negative information on online social networks. One is the real-time optimal control with minimal control cost that enables the negative information to be effectively controlled in the expected time by executing two collaborative intervention methods, and the other is the event-triggered impulsive control, in which the control instant is determined by an event-triggered function. Finally, the above theoretical results are verified by some numerical simulations and a practical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is focused on the scaled consensus problem of second-order multi-agent systems (SOMASs) with nonlinear dynamics under fully distributed adaptive aperiodic intermittent (DAAPI) communication. Motivated by the non-reduced order approach (NROA), a novel Lyapunov function is proposed to directly analyze the scaled consensus of pure second-order MASs. By contrast with the existing results, the approach in this study avoids the double dimension problem arising from the reduced order method, which greatly alleviates the complexity of the theoretical analysis. Moreover, two new fully DAAPI communication protocols are well designed to achieve scaled consensus for leaderless and leader-following, respectively. It is worth noting that two entirely different time-varying gains are devised in the protocols to regulate the position and velocity states of the agent, respectively, which can realize more flexible and precise control to fulfill the goal of reducing the control cost. Lastly, the effectiveness of the theoretical derivation is demonstrated by two numerical examples and comparative experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the cluster consensus of multi-agent systems (MASs) with objective optimization on directed and detail balanced networks, in which the global optimization objective function is a linear combination of local objective functions of all agents. Firstly, a directed and detail balanced network is constructed that depends on the weights of the global objective function, and two kinds of novel continuous-time optimization algorithms are proposed based on time-invariant and time-varying objective functions. Secondly, by using fixed-time stability theory and convex optimization theory, some sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure that all agents' states reach cluster consensus within a fixed-time, and asymptotically converge to the optimal solution of the global objective function. Finally, two examples are presented to show the efficacy of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a type of discrete-time fractional-order complex-valued fuzzy neural networks. First, based on symbolic functions and complex-valued theory, two new inequalities are established to study synchronization problems of networks. Secondly, two simple and original control strategies including linear feedback controller and adaptive controller which can better reduce the control cost, are designed to guarantee quasi-projective synchronization and Mittag-Leffler synchronization of the considered networks, then sufficient synchronization criteria with simplified algebraic conditions are established on the basis of our established lemmas and some inequality techniques. Finally, numerical simulations are given to check effectiveness of the proposed results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, synchronization analysis and parameters identification issues are explored for uncertain delayed fractional-order BAM neural networks. By designing pertinent state feedback control strategies and parameters updated laws, some ample criteria are procured for ensuring the finite-time synchronization and the Mittag-Leffler synchronization of the considered networks via exploiting the Lyapunov function theory, fractional calculus theory and inequality analysis techniques, meanwhile, the settling time of finite-time synchronization is given, which relates to the initial values. Moreover, parameters identification is actualized triumphantly for uncertain or unknown parameters. Finally, numerical examples are provided to show the availability of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates quasi-synchronization (QS) and complete synchronization(CS) for fractional-order fuzzy bidirectional associative memory neural networks. To realize QS and CS, two kinds of novel nonlinear controllers are designed, which are more general and effective compared to the existing results. By using Lyapunov function method, fractional calculation and some inequality techniques, some sufficient synchronization criteria are derived for the considered networks. Moreover, the error level of QS is estimated. Finally, two illustrative examples are presented to show the effectiveness of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the synchronization of delayed inertial neural systems by virtue of intermittent control scheme. In the proposed inertial models, a type of mixed delays is introduced which is composed of discrete delays and infinite distributed delays. Particulary, the finite distributed delays can be easily obtained by selecting specific kernel functions in infinite distribute delays. To realize exponential synchronization, different from the previous continuous designs for the first-order systems obtained by suitable substitutions of reduced-order, an intermittent control scheme is directly developed for the response inertial systems. Furthermore, a direct analysis method is proposed to derive the synchronization conditions by constructing a Lyapunov functional formed by the state variables and their derivatives. Lastly, the designed control scheme and established criteria are verified via providing a numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arc stud welding will melt the root of the stud to form a welding collar. For the purpose of exploring the influence of welding collar, numerical method is adopted for the theoretical analysis on shear resistance of the stud under several groups of different welding collar parameters. Firstly, the shear resistance between whether the headed studs considering the welding collars or not is compared. Then, the radius and height parameters of welding collar are changed. Finally, the increment ratio of bearing capacity by welding collars with the same height-diameter ratio is taken into consideration. Experimental data from three push-out test are adopted to validate the accuracy of the numerical method. The results show that the welding collar changes the yield area at the bottom of the stud. The height parameter has less influence than the radius. Under the condition that welding collars have the same height-diameter ratio, the improvement of shear resistance with different diameters roughly converges to 7.28%. The formulas of various countries show that at the height-diameter ratio of 0.25, the average value of bearing capacity of welding collar in various specification approach 7.1% of formula value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes some distributed algorithms to solve the multi-agent optimization problem with equality constraints, in which the team objective is a sum of local convex objective functions. Firstly, a directed network related to equality constraints is constructed before converting the constrained optimization problem into an unconstrained one. Secondly, a continuous algorithm is designed by using local information of agents, and the objective function converges to the global optimum in a fixed-time interval. Moreover, in order to reduce the communication cost, an event-triggered algorithm with sign function is devised. It is found that the optimal value can be achieved in a fixed-time interval, but the sign function can cause high-frequency chattering when the sate variables converge to the optimal value. Therefore, an event-triggered algorithm with saturation function is proposed, which can effectively overcome this disadvantage. Finally, the proposed algorithms are verified by some numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the issue of the exponential synchronization for complex-valued neural networks with both discrete and distributed delays is investigated by applying impulsive control protocol. Based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii function, average impulsive interval as well as the comparison principle, some simple verifiable sufficient criteria are established to guarantee the exponential synchronization between the master and the slave systems. Meanwhile, through the serious analysis of the networks systems, the exponential convergence rate can be specified. Additionally, a numerical example is finally given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the fixed-time lag synchronization for a general class of memristor-based neural networks (MNNs) with time delays is considered. Under the extended Filippov-framework theory, some sufficient criteria for fixed-time lag synchronization of delayed MNNs are derived based on the Lyapunov function. Besides, two types of controllers are given to ensure the fixed-time lag synchronization of the corresponding system, while the settling time of synchronization are also estimated. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method and the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, without dividing a complex-valued neural network into two real-valued subsystems, the global synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks (FOCVNNs) is investigated by the Lyapunov direct method rather than the real decomposition method. It is worth mentioning that the partial adaptive control and partial linear feedback control schemes are introduced, by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, some improved synchronization criteria are derived with the help of fractional differential inequalities and L'Hospital rule as well as some complex analysis techniques. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of our theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the rumor propagation model with heterogeneous networks in a multilingual environment. Firstly, a rumor propagation model with two language spreaders, in which the immunologic mechanism is considered in the ignorant, is proposed on heterogeneous networks. Secondly, the basic reproduction number and the dynamic behaviors are analyzed by using the next-generation matrix method and Lyapunov stability theory, respectively. Moreover, two control strategies are designed to effectively suppress the spread of the rumor. The one is continuous control strategy. By applying real-time control to the spreaders, the rumor spreading time can be greatly reduced and the rumor can die out in a short time. The other is event-triggered impulsive control strategy, which can effectively reduce the consumption of resources and ensure the extinction of the rumor. Finally, the correctness of theoretical analysis and the feasibility of control methods are verified by numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the consensus problem of multi-agent systems with input saturation and directed communication topology, by utilizing the low-gain feedback method and the event-triggered control laws. Two event-triggered control laws, the centralized and the distributed laws, are proposed to guarantee semi-global consensus of the multi-agent systems. Then, a sufficient condition is presented to prove strictly positive low bound of inner-event time, i.e., the Zeno behavior can be avoided. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed event-triggered laws is further verified by an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, both stability and synchronization of discrete-time delayed neural networks with discontinuous activations are investigated. By means of functional differential inclusions and Kakutani's fixed point theorem, conditions are derived to ensure the existence and uniqueness of the solution. Besides, we obtain some novel sufficient conditions for global attractivity and asymptotic stability of the discontinuous discrete-time neural networks via the Halanay-type inequality and the comparison principle. Furthermore, under weaker conditions than Lipschitz conditions, we also select two different controllers to guarantee synchronization of the discrete-time neural networks with discontinuous activations. Finally, some examples with numerical simulation are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the general decay lag synchronization problem for a class of competitive neural networks with constant delays via designing a novel nonlinear feedback controller. Based on the useful lemma, which guarantee the general decay synchronization of chaotic systems, some simple sufficient criteria ensuring the general decay lag synchronization of addressed competitive neural networks are obtained via constructing a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and using some inequality techniques. Finally, one numerical example is provide to demonstrate the feasibility of the established theoretical results. The results of this paper are general since the classical polynomial synchronization and exponential synchronization can be seen the special cases of general decay synchronization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns the topic of exponential synchronization for a class of memristive Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with time-varying delays by designing a suitable controller. Through a nonlinear transformation, we obtain an alternative system from the considered memristive Cohen-Grossberg neural networks. Then, by studying the exponential synchronization of the alternative system, we get some novel and effective exponential synchronization criteria for the considered memristive Cohen-Grossberg neural networks. These results generalize some previous known results and remove a few restrictions on control width and time-delays. Finally, numerical simulations are given to present the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a class of cluster consensus problem of the multi-agent systems with aperiodic intermittent communication is studied through tracking approach. Due to the transmission ways of information in the network, a new notion of layered intermittence is developed. To track the leading subnetwork and reach the desired consensus, a new type of pinning-like consensus protocol with aperiodic intermittent effects is designed according to the topological properties of agents. Considering both the control protocol with intermittent effects and the intermittent communication, the protocol is applied to construct several new intermittent switching systems. Besides, the graph of the networked system is assumed to be directed and weakly connected. Some consensus criteria are derived to guarantee that the agents in the same cluster follow the leader asymptotically, while agents in different clusters reach the desired delay consensus via tracking their leaders. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers a high-order consensus problem of multi-agent system with feedforward nonlinear and time-varying input delay in a directed network. In order to achieve the consensus, we propose a low gain distributed protocol which can get rid of impacts of feedforward nonlinearity and an arbitrarily bounded input delay on the consensus problem. Moreover, for any upper bound time-varying delay and strongly connected diagraph, the proposed controller can solve the consensus problem of multi-agent systems with feedforward nonlinearity if the designed parameter θ is great than the threshold value. Finally, several numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Burmese Short-Tailed Shrew, Blarinella wardi, is distributed in western Yunnan, southwest Sichuan and Myanmar. It has been listed as Near Threatened (NT) species recently by the red list of China’s vertebrates. We firstly obtained complete mitochondrial genome of Blarinella wardi. In this study, the complete mitogenome sequence is 16,951 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and two non-coding regions. Several repeat elements were identified in the non-coding control region (D-loop). This report provides basic data to application in conservation genetics and evolution for this near threatened species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the cluster consensus problem of first-order nonlinear multi-agent systems with aperiodic intermittent communication is studied through pinning leader-following approach. The pinning consensus algorithm based on the relative local intermittent information is designed according to the varies linking ways of clustered network structure. New notions of leading intermittence and inter-cluster intermittence which related to the intermittent linking ways of leader-following clustered structure are developed, and several new systems with intermittence are established due to the new notions. Besides, dynamics with inherent delay are also considered to extend our results to a more general framework. The original communication graph without intermittent pattern is supposed to be directed and weakly connected. Some consensus criteria are derived to guarantee that the cluster consensus problem for the systems with intermittent communication can be solved. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the synchronization of a class of improved neural networks with variable time delay is concerned via intermittent control. Firstly, a class of modified delayed neural networks is introduced, in which communication delays between different neurons are considered and the intra-neuron delays are negligible. Secondly, using Lyapunov functional theory, inequality techniques, and multi-parameter method, the synchronization criteria are established based on p-norm via intermittent control, and a feasible synchronization control region is given. Besides, by means of the component analysis method, the reduction to absurdity, mathematical induction, the exponential synchronization of the addressed networks is discussed in terms of the infinite norm, some criteria and the feasible control region of synchronization are also derived. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to show the validity and effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the problem of function projective synchronization for a class of memristor-based Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with time-varying delays. Based on the theory of differential equations with discontinuous right-hand side, some novel criteria are obtained to realize the function projective synchronization of addressed networks by combining open loop control and linear feedback control. As some special cases, several control strategies are given to ensure the realization of complete synchronization, anti-synchronization and the stabilization of the considered memristor-based Cohen-Grossberg neural network. Finally, a numerical example and its simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitogenome sequence of Chinese Shrew (Sorex sinalis) was determined in this study. The mitogenome is a circular molecule of 17,216 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosome RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two non-coding regions. Recently, Chinese Shrew has been listed as Data Deficient by the IUCN red list of threatened animals and Near Threatened by the red list of China’s vertebrates. The new sequenced complete mitogenome of S. sinalis would provide useful information for application in conservation genetics and evolution for the endemic species of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the globally exponential synchronization of delayed fuzzy cellular neural networks with nonlinear impulsive effects are concerned. By utilizing inequality techniques and Lyapunov functional method, some sufficient conditions on the exponential synchronization are obtained based on $$p$$ -norm. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the problem of synchronization control for directed networks with node balance is investigated. First, a dynamical model of directed network is proposed. Additionally, a new adaptive intermittent scheme is introduced to realize pinning synchronization and some novel criteria are derived by constructing a piecewise auxiliary function and utilizing piecewise analysis method and the theory of series. Based on those criteria, a feasible bound of the rate of control time is given. Finally, some examples with numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the exponential function projective synchronization of impulsive neural networks with mixed time-varying delays is investigated. Based on the contradiction method and analysis technique, some novel criteria are obtained to guarantee the function projective synchronization of considered networks via combining open-loop control and linear feedback control. As some special cases, several control strategies are given to ensure the realization of complete synchronization, anti-synchronization, and the stabilization of the addressed neural networks. Finally, two examples and their numerical simulations are given to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed synchronization schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the dynamical complexity of a discrete SIS epidemic model with standard incidence by the qualitative analysis and numerical simulations. It is verified that there are the codimension-two bifurcations associated with 1:2 and 1:4 strong resonances and chaos phenomena. The results are established by using the bifurcation theory and the normal form method. Furthermore, the numerical simulations are obtained by the phase portraits, the codimension-two bifurcation diagrams, and the maximum Lyapunov exponents diagrams for two different varying parameters in a 3-dimension space. The results obtained in this paper show that a discrete SIS epidemic model can have very rich dynamical behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the exponential stability for a class of mixed delayed genetic regulatory networks by periodically intermittent control, mixed delays here include time-varying delays and finite distributed delays. Some sufficient criteria for exponential stabilization are derived by using mathematical induction methods and the analysis techniques. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the synchronization for time-delayed complex networks with adaptive coupling weights is studied. A pinning strategy and a local adaptive scheme to determine coupling weights and feedback gains are proposed. It is noted that our control strategies only rely on some local information other than the global information of the whole network. Finally, the developed techniques are applied to two complex networks which are respectively synchronized to an unstable equilibrium point and a chaotic attractor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the uniform boundedness and exponential stability analysis problems are considered for a class of high-order neural networks with time-varying delays. Without assuming the boundedness on the activation functions, some sufficient conditions are derived for checking the existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of equilibrium point and uniform boundedness for this system by using Brouwer's fixed point and employing analysis technique. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of HCNNs. Finally, two examples with numerical simulation are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a class of stochastic impulsive high-order neural networks with time-varying delays. By using Lyapunov functional method, LMI method and mathematics induction, some sufficient conditions are derived for the globally exponential stability of the equilibrium point of the neural networks in mean square. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of impulsive stochastic high-order neural networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel rumor-spreading model is proposed under bilingual environment and heterogenous networks, which considers that exposures may be converted to spreaders or stiflers at a set rate. Firstly, the nonnegativity and boundedness of the solution for rumor-spreading model are proved by reductio ad absurdum. Secondly, both the basic reproduction number and the stability of the rumor-free equilibrium are systematically discussed. Whereafter, the global stability of rumor-prevailing equilibrium is explored by utilizing Lyapunov method and LaSalle's invariance principle. Finally, the sensitivity analysis and the numerical simulation are respectively presented to analyze the impact of model parameters and illustrate the validity of theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by infection of DNA viruses mediate cell cycle checkpoint activation, DNA repair, or apoptosis induction. In the present study, infection of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), which serves as a major etiological agent of PCV2-associated diseases (PCVAD), was found to elicit a DNA damage response (DDR) as observed by the phosphorylation of H2AX and RPA32 following infection. The response requires active viral replication, and all the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase), ATR (ATM- and Rad3-related kinase), and DNA-PK (DNA-dependent protein kinase) are the transducers of the DDR signaling events in the PCV2-infected cells as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK signalings as well as reductions in their activations after treatment with specific kinase inhibitors. Inhibitions of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK activations block viral replication and prevent apoptotic responses as observed by decreases in cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 as well as fragmented DNA following PCV2 infection. These results reveal that PCV2 is able to exploit the cellular DNA damage response machinery for its own efficient replication and for apoptosis induction, further extending our understanding for the molecular mechanism of PCV2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]