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Your search keyword '"Johnson-Laird, P.N."' showing total 6 results
Start Over Author "Johnson-Laird, P.N." Publisher springer nature
6 results on '"Johnson-Laird, P.N."'

1. Reasoning About Consistency with Spatial Mental Models: Hidden and Obvious Indeterminacy in Spatial Descriptions.

Author

Freksa, Christian, Knauff, Markus, Krieg-Brückner, Bernd, Nebel, Bernhard, Barkowsky, Thomas, Jahn, Georg, and Johnson-Laird, P.N.

Abstract

The assessment of whether a statement is consistent with what has gone before is ubiquitous in discourse comprehension. One theory of the process is that individuals search for a mental model of a situation in which all the statements in the discourse are true. In the case of spatial descriptions, individuals should prefer to construct models, which retain the information in the description. Hence, they should use strategies that retain information in an efficient way. If the descriptions are consistent with multiple models then they are likely to run into difficulties. We report some preliminary results of experiments in which the participants judged the consistency of spatial descriptions. The participants made more errors when later assertions in the description conflicted with the preferred models of earlier assertions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005

2. Visual imagery can impede reasoning.

Author

Knauff, Markus and Johnson-Laird, P.N.

Subjects
*MENTAL imagery, *REASONING
Abstract

Investigates the importance of visual mental imagery on human deductive reasoning. Role of visual relations in the process of reasoning; Effects of image ability on reasoning; Distinction between visual images and spatial representations.

Published
2002
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3. How to eliminate illusions in quantified reasoning.

Author

Yingrui Yang and Johnson-Laird, P.N.

Subjects
*REASONING, *INFERENCE (Logic)
Abstract

Proposes a solution to eliminating illusions in quantified reasoning. Theory postulating that reasoners build models of situations described in premises; Prediction of the existence of illusions in inferences; Effective antidote to erroneous conclusions produced by certain inferences; Elimination of fallacy by using instructions designed to overcome the bias toward truth.

Published
2000
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5. Illusions in modal reasoning.

Author

Goldvarg, Yevgeniya and Johnson-Laird, P.N.

Subjects
*ILLUSION (Philosophy), *POSSIBILITY
Abstract

Presents experiments that corroborated the occurrence of illusions in reasoning about possibilities. Definition of the mental model theory; Possibility of adopting a strategy that would help to avoid the illusions; Need to emphasize the importance of falsity for reasoning; Occurrence of illusions with disjunctions as well as with conditional premises.

Published
2000
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