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It has been over half a century since Barnett Rosenberg discovered the cytotoxic action of cisplatin, the platinum-based (Pt-based) drug that has almost eradicated the cases of testicular cancers. Despite this advancement, cancer continues to be widespread, highlighting the imperative for the development of more effective drugs to combat this disease. Most malignancies are initially responsive to anticancer treatments, but cancer cells gain resistance with time. The GRP78 pathway, a key regulator of cellular stress and resistance, is the focus of BOLD-100, a first-in-class ruthenium-based (Ru-based) anticancer drug. This medication inhibits cell survival by preventing stress-induced overexpression of GRP78 in tumour cells, suppressing drug resistance, survival and proliferation. The following article dictates the evolution and the current scenario of the Ru-based drug BOLD-100. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel dinuclear ruthenium(III) ONO pincer complex was synthesized from RuCl3·H2O and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (H2pydc) in methanol by using triethylamine as a base. The single crystal XRD disclosed the crystalline nature of the complex that was found to be monoclinic, space group P121/c1, with unit cell dimensions a = 9.4603(7) Å, b = 16.4025(12) Å, c = 6.6844(5) Å, β = 91.839(2)°. The complex showed a rare transoid configuration ′Ru(μ-OMe)2(μ-O2CN)2Ru′ core along with monodentate aqua ligand coordination. To the best of our knowledge, this is a rare case of bridged dinuclear ruthenium complex (only a couple of reports) and the first one containing a pincer ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural investigation of twin chiral carboxamide compounds synthesized by slow-evaporation style, namely Ch-1 [(S)-N-(1-phenylethyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (Ch-1S) & (R)-N-(1-phenylethyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (Ch-1R)] and Ch-2 [(S)-N-(1-phenylethyl)furan-2-carboxamide (Ch-2S) & (R)-N-(1-phenylethyl)furan-2-carboxamide (Ch-2R) were described by X-ray analysis and the chiral compounds crystallized like isomers with little discrepancies in lattice parameters. The synthesized chiral compounds were characterized via FT-IR, UV–visible, NMR, and mass spectroscopic techniques. The chirality of the compound was confirmed by the absolute structure parameter and specific rotation values. The perceptible inter- and intra-molecular connections of twin chiral were analyzed by Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis with respective 2D Fingerprint (2D-FP) plots which gave the contacts contribution rate. N–H⋅⋅⋅O inter- and intra-molecular contact is chiefly answerable for crystal stuffing in both chiral. By employing the DFT computation, the chemical electronic characteristics such as energies of molecular orbitals (FMO), electrostatic potential (MESP), and Mullican's charge/atom (MAC) were characterized. The binding affinities of the chiral have been hypothesized with target CDC7-kinase inhibitor by performing docking studies (MDOC). The dynamic simulation (MDS) was prescribed to confirm the molecular stability of the chiral with the calculation of binding free energy (BFE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structure of N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)furan-2-carboxamide was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction and characterized by NMR, FT-IR, UV–Vis spectroscopic techniques. In this molecule, the dihedral angle between furan and pyridine rings is 73.52(14)°. The compound crystallized in an orthorhombic lattice with a space group of Pca21 [a = 9.677(5), b = 10.674(5), and c = 9.087(4)Å]. The Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA) for determining the N–H···O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, generated the chain shaped 3D network structure and associated fingerprint plot calculations gave the contribution ratios for C–H, H–H, O–H, and N–H contacts, indicating a higher propensity for H–H interactions to form the crystal. The energies of frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) were computed to make clear knowledge about the global reactivity and charge transfer property of the compound by density functional theory (DFT). Also, to get the charge distribution details, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of the compound was measured. The molecular docking study was carried out to understand the binding of the compounds toward the molecular targets c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3, PMI2, and CDC7 kinase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pd nanoparticles generated in situ from Pd–pincer complexes catalyzed Heck coupling reaction. For this purpose, new Pd(II)–ONO pincer complexes (1–4) containing acylthiourea ancillary ligand were obtained by treating [Pd(ONO)(CH3CN)] with the respective N-substituted carbamothioyl benzamide ligand (L1–L4). Formation of these complexes was confirmed by UV–Visible, FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The sizes of in situ formed Pd nanoparticles were greatly affected by the substituent in ancillary ligand, which in turn influenced their catalytic activity towards Heck coupling reaction. The in situ formed Pd nanoparticles during Heck reaction were removed from the reaction medium and analyzed using HR-TEM to estimate the sizes of the Pd nanoparticles. Complex [Pd(ONO)((N-benzylcarbamothioyl)benzamide)] (1) which does not possess any substituent on the benzyl moiety of acylthiourea produced the smallest Pd nanoparticles with the average particle size of 3.7 nm. Hence, complex 1 showed the utmost catalytic activity. With complex 1, 51–99% of conversion was observed during Heck coupling reaction of styrene with various aryl halides. XPS results confirmed that the recovered black particles were Pd(0). A reasonable recyclability results were achieved by these in situ generated Pd nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction between zinc(II) acetate dihydrate and ((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L) in methanol results in the formation of Zn(II) complex [Zn(C11H11N4S)2] (1). The complex is characterized by CHNS and various spectroscopic analyses. The structure of the complex is determined by the single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. XRD reveals that the Zn(II) complex crystallizes in the triclinic system with the P-1 space group and has a distorted tetrahedral geometry. Two ligand molecules are coordinated to the Zn(II) ion in the bidentate monobasic (NS−) fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, Ruthenium oxide (RuO) nanosheets were prepared by simple hydrothermal synthesis route in the presence and absence of PEG as surfactant. The synthesized RuO nanosheets act as electrode material and it was subjected to various physico-chemical properties to analyze the material suitability for the supercapacitor applications. The cubic structure, crystalline nature and purity of the material were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction studies. The FTIR analysis confirms the presence of various functional groups in the RuO nanosheets. The optical absorbance wavelength was observed at 411 and 416 nm in the absence and presence of PEG surfactant. The shifting of wavelength reduces the energy band gap from bulk state of 2.45-2.26 eV due to the quantum confinement effect. The shape and surface morphology of the RuO nanosheets were determined by using FE-SEM analysis. The zeta potential analysis reveals the stability of the synthesized RuO nanosheets. The electrochemical properties of modified electrode RuO were investigated using various process such as cyclic voltammetry, specific capacitance, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in electrochemical workstation. Based on the electrochemical properties, the electrode material reveals the ideal capacitance behavior with high capacitance of 600 F/g at the sweep rate of 5 mV/s in 3 M KCL aqueous electrolyte solution. The remarkable electrochemical performance proves RuO as the promising material for storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel trinuclear nickel(II) ONO pincer complex [Ni(pydc)][Ni(HO)]·2HO·2(CHN) (1) (Hpydc = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) is synthesized by the reaction between Ni(OAc) and Hpydc in acetonitrile in the presence of triethylamine. A detailed study through single crystal XRD reveals that the compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with cell parameters a = 11.6646(3) Å, b = 14.0999(4) Å, c = 16.4633(5) Å, α = 80.189(2)°, β = 75.539(2)°, γ = 67.017(2)°. Both terminal Ni(II) centers are coordinated to two ONO pincer ligands (pydc) bridged by the nickel penta aqua unit. Further, triethyl ammonium neutralizes the trinuclear complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Co(III) Schiff base complex with the formula [Co(L)]Cl · HO ( I) (L = monoanionic tridentate Schiff base ligand derived from salicylaldehyde and ethylene diamine) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques. The structure of I was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies (CIF file CCDC no. 1009967), which showed the presence of two Schiff base molecules in an octahedral fashion. The complex has been screened for its in vitro antibacterial and anticancer activities. Complex I was found to be more active in anti-microbial and anti-cancer activity than the ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RuO/VO nanocatalyst has been prepared from Ru(acac) and VO by a simple dry synthesis for the first time. The formation of RuO/VO nanocatalyst was confirmed by XRD and FT-IR analyses. Morphology and size of the nanocatalyst were found using SEM and TEM respectively. SEM-EDS analysis was carried out to know the weight percentage of Ru in the catalyst. Thermal stability of the catalyst was found using TG/DTA analysis. Further, RuO/VO was found to be an efficient catalyst for the aerial oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds. Moreover, very low Ru content (0.36 mol%) was exploited for this conversion, nevertheless very high turnover number was observed. The use of recyclable nanocatalyst and atmospheric oxygen as oxidant made the system interesting from the green chemistry point of view. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper (Cu) based nanoparticles mediated organic transformations have been focused worldwide because these methodologies afford industrially important fine chemicals under mild conditions. Moreover, Cu is environment friendly and relatively inexpensive. This review highlights the important developments of Cu based nanocatalysts for organic transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidative decomposition of low concentrations (50-1000 ppm) of diluted benzene in air was carried out in a nonthermal plasma (NTP) dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor with the inner electrode made up of stainless steel fibres (SMF) modified with transition metal oxides in such a way to integrate the catalyst in discharge zone. Typical results indicate the better performance of MnO and TiO/MnO modified systems, which may be attributed to the in situ decomposition of ozone on the surface of MnO that may lead to the formation of atomic oxygen; whereas ultraviolet light induced photocatalytic oxidation may be taking place with TiO modified systems. Water vapour improved the selectivity to total oxidation. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six different ruthenium(III) complexes of Schiff bases derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and o-aminophenol/ o-aminothiophenol have been synthesized. The compounds with the general formula [RuX(EPh)(L)] (X = Cl or Br; E = P or As; L = bifunctional tridentate ONO/ONS donor Schiff base ligand) were characterized by infrared, electronic, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Spectroscopic investigation reveals coordination of Schiff base ligand through ONO/ONS donor atoms and octahedral geometry around ruthenium metal. Redox property of complexes has been examined by using cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic oxidation property of ruthenium(III) complexes were also investigated. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reactions of ruthenium(II) complexes [RuHX(CO)(EPh)(B)] (X = H or Cl; B = EPh, pyridine (py) or piperidine (pip); E = P or As) with bidentate Schiff base ligands derived by condensing o- hydroxyacetophenone with aniline, o- or p-methylaniline have been carried out. The products were characterized by analytical, IR, electronic andH-NMR spectral studies and are formulated as [Ru(X)(CO) (L)(EPh)(B)] (L = Schiff base anion; X = H or Cl; B = EPh, py or pip; E = P or As). An octahedral structure has been tentatively proposed for the new complexes. The new complexes were tested for their catalytic activities in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]