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Abnormal functional brain networks of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with structural abnormalities may partially reflect structural lesions rather than either TLE per se or functional compensatory processes. In this study, we sought to investigate the brain-network properties of intractable TLE patients apart from the effects of structural abnormalities. The brain network properties of 20 left and 23 right MRI-negative TLE patients and 22 healthy controls were evaluated using magnetoencephalographic recordings in six main frequency bands. A slowing of oscillatory brain activity was observed for the left or right TLE group vs. healthy controls. The TLE groups presented significantly increased functional connectivity in the delta, theta, lower alpha and beta bands, and significantly greater values in the normalized clustering coefficient and path length, and significantly smaller values in the weighted small-world measure in the theta band when compared to healthy controls. Alterations in global and regional band powers can be attributed to spectral slowing in TLE patients. The brain networks of TLE patients displayed abnormally high synchronization in multi-frequency bands and shifted toward a more regular architecture with worse network efficiency in the theta band. Without the contamination of structural lesions, these significant findings can be helpful for better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of TLE. The theta band can be considered as a preferred frequency band for investigating the brain-network dysfunction of MRI-negative intractable TLE patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviews of product or stores exist extensively in online e-commerce platform which is important for customers to make decisions. For economic reasons some dishonest people are employed to write fake reviews which is also called "opinion spamming" to promote or demote target products and services. Previous researches have made use of text similarity, linguistics, rating patterns, graph relationship and other behaviors for spammer detection. They mainly utilized product review list while it is difficult to find fake reviews by glancing over product reviews in time-descending order. Meanwhile there exists lots of useful information in the list of reviews of reviewers and relationships between reviewers when reviewers commonly reviewed the same stores. We propose the concept of review group and to the best of our knowledge, it's the first time the review group concept is proposed and used. Review grouping algorithm is designed to effectively split reviews of reviewer into groups which participate in building novel grouping models to identify both positive and negative deceptive reviews. Several new features which are language independent based on group model are constructed. Additionally, we explore the collusion relationship between reviewers to build reviewer group collusion model. Evaluations show that the review group method and reviewer group collusion models can effectively improve the precision by 4%–7% compared to the baselines in fake reviews classification task especially when reviews are posted by professional review spammers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An environmental-friendly corn stalk cellulose-based adsorbent (DETA-g-GMA-MCC) was prepared by graft copolymerization and amination, whose adsorption properties of Ni2+ were fully studied. It was a spontaneously endothermic monolayer adsorption process and the rate-determining step was the chemisorption of Ni2+ on DETA-g-GMA-MCC, which was fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. FTIR and XPS analysis demonstrated that the main functional groups of DETA-g-GMA-MCC for adsorption of Ni2+ were –NH2/–NH-groups, and Ni2+ was mainly adsorbed on the adsorbent surface by forming chelating bonds with two N atoms in –NH–/–NH2 groups. This relationship between the adsorbent microstructure and its adsorption behavior of Ni2+ was confirmed by comparison with the adsorption behavior of other metal ions on DETA-g-GMA-MCC and XPS analysis. Then the preparation of DETA-g-GMA-MCC was further improved according to the obtained adsorption mechanism. Zeta potential, FTIR and XPS results proved that more of amino groups were successfully introduced on the adsorbent surface after the improvement. The adsorbent with the highest content of amino groups (10.26 mmol/g) could be obtained when the initial pH value in the amination modification was 2.0, whose maximum adsorption capacity of Ni2+ was markedly increased from 188 (the original method) to 284 mg/g at 50 °C and pH 5.0. The improved adsorbent also showed a considerable adsorption capacity of Ni2+ after five cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An amino functionalized microcrystalline cellulose from corn stalk was prepared and its synthesis and operation conditions were optimized to remove Cu2+ from wastewater. To prepare this adsorbent, cellulose was grafted by glycidyl methacrylate in the presence of OP-10 as emulsifiers and potassium persulfate as initiators, then the grafted cellulose was aminated by diethylenetriamine. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate its adsorption capacity for Cu2+. Its adsorption process for Cu2+ was spontaneous and well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of this modified cellulose for Cu2+ was demonstrated to be 343 mg/g at 45 °C and pH 4.5. The adsorbent showed a promising future due to its high performance in the removal of toxic Cu2+ and reusability. From the characterization results of scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the adsorbent structure and adsorption mechanism could be inferred. The adsorption mechanism revealed that the primary and secondary amines were the main functional groups to adsorb Cu2+. The study results could provide a new route for the utilization of waste corn stalk to control water pollution caused by toxic metal ions.Graphical Abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the intuitionistic fuzzy filter theory of BL-algebras is researched. The basic knowledge of BL-algebras and intuitionistic fuzzy sets is firstly reviewed. The notions of intuitionistic fuzzy filters, lattice filters, prime filters, Boolean filters, implicative filters, positive implicative filters, ultra filters and obstinate filters are introduced, respectively. Their important properties are investigated. In intuitionistic fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy filters, Boolean filters, ultra filters are proved to be equivalent to lattice filters, implicative filters, obstinate filters, respectively. Each intuitionistic fuzzy Boolean filter is an intuitionistic fuzzy positive implicative filter, but the converse may not be true in BL-algebras. The conditions under an intuitionistic fuzzy positive implicative filter being an intuitionistic fuzzy Boolean filter are constructed. Finally, the concepts of the intuitionistic fuzzy ultra and obstinate filters are introduced, and the intuitionistic fuzzy ultra filter is proved to be equivalent to the intuitionistic fuzzy obstinate filter in BL-algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 7200-m-deep Well Tacan 1 in the central Tarim Basin is the deepest in China. Purplish gray medium-grained granodiorite containing dark gray fine-grained diorite xenolith is revealed at the base of the well (7169–7200 m), and they are results of the Jinning magmatic activities. Trace-element geochemistry and REE profiles of both rock types are similar, indicating that they are calc-alkaline series I-type granitoid. Proxies of diorite signify the development of a magmatic arc due to subduction at ca. 1200 Ma. The granodiorite was formed before 890–932 Ma. However, more study is needed to clarify if the arc diorite represents a ca. 300 Ma extension of the subduction or a reactivation during the orogenic collision event at ca. 900 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study that analyzed the radiolarian fauna found from the Tieshidas Group in the Qimantag branch of the East Kunlun Mountains, China. Geological age of the radiolarian fauna; Methodology of the study; Results and discussion; Conclusion.