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This paper analyzes the effects of carbon pricing on the economy, focusing specifically on the power sector under retail-price control. A simulation analysis using a CGE model implicates that it is desirable not to bestow the power sector with carbon pricing waiver to avoid a severe burden to the economy in terms of real GDP and real consumption. And excessive carbon price burden on GHG emissions in the power sector under Korean emissions trading system, where not only direct but also indirect emissions are covered, can and needs to be relieved through intensity-based (output-based) updating allocation of allowances to the power sector. Finally, we have reached a somewhat counter-intuitive conclusion that we can achieve higher economic efficiency by treating both fossil and non-fossil power plants equally when implementing the output-based updating allowance allocation for the power sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the thermoelectric properties of an electronic localized level coupled to two graphene electrodes. Graphene band structure shows a pseudogap density of states (DOS) that strongly affects the charge transport. We focus on the Coulomb blockade regime and derive the expression for the Onsager matrix that relates the charge and heat currents to the voltage and temperature biases in the linear response regime. The elements of the Onsager matrix are functions of the transmission coefficient, which depends on the dot Green's function. Our self-consistent calculation of the Green's function is based on the equation-of-motion technique. We find a double-peak structure for the electric and thermal responses as the dot level is tuned with an external gate terminal, in accordance with the Coulomb blockade phenomenon. Remarkably enough, the thermal conductance is much smaller than its electric counterpart, giving rise to a high thermoelectric figure of merit for certain values of the gate voltage. Finally, we discuss a large departure from the Wiedemann-Franz law caused mainly by the pseudogap DOS in the contacts and weakly affected by interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the prevalence of duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) types 1 and 3 on Korean duck farms. By RT-nested PCR assays specific for DHAV-1 or DHAV-3, DHAV-1 was detected in 9 of 157 liver samples (5.7 %) from 2 of 30 farms (6.7 %), and DHAV-3 was positive in 104 of 157 liver samples (66.2 %) from 23 of 30 farms (76.7 %). Dual infections with DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 were detected in 23 of 157 samples (14.6 %) from 5 of 30 farms (16.7 %). The data indicate that DHAV-3 infections are prevalent and that DHAV-1 reemerged in Korea, resulting in dual infections on several farms. Our data will help to establish a vaccination policy against DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]