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Myrcia capixaba and M. forzzae, two new species from the large Neotropical genus Myrcia, are here proposed, described, and illustrated. Both species belong to Myrcia sect. Aguava and are morphologically quite distinct from the other species of the section. Myrcia capixaba occurs in the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo and presents a set of features that do not overlap with any other species within M. sect. Aguava: dibrachiate trichomes on the branches, leaves, and inflorescences and externally on the flowers, broadly elliptic to ovate leaves with flat, barely visible secondary venation adaxially, and subterminal panicles. Myrcia forzzae occurs in the Amazon Forest of Mato Grosso and resembles M. gigas, differing in the shorter internodes, vegetative branches and inflorescence rachises densely covered with trichomes (vs. with scattered trichomes or glabrous), and calyx lobes bearing trichomes externally (vs. glabrous). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leucoagaricus taniae (Agaricaceae) is described as new to science. It was found growing in sand at Armação beach on Santa Catarina Island in Southern Brazil covered by sand among Canavalia rosea (Fabaceae) and Cyperus pedunculatus (Cyperaceae). The new species has a cream white pileus that is up to 50 mm in diameter and exudes golden drops when fresh. The stipe is up to 60 mm height, with rhizomorphs at the end of the volvate base. Photographs of fresh basidiomes in situ and illustrations of the main micromorphological features are presented. A molecular-phylogenetic analysis that includes the species is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: We describe two new species of Myrcia (Myrtaceae) and contrast them with morphologically related species. Morphological illustrations, a map of occurrence records, habitat documentation, a description of phenological activity, comments on ecology and a preliminary conservation status of the new taxa are also presented. The new taxa are named Myrcia chrysotrichoma T.Fern. & Stagg. (from São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina states) and M. ribeirensis T.Fern. & D.F.Lima (from São Paulo and Paraná states). Both species inhabit montane and riparian forests in the Atlantic Forest and are morphologically similar to M. pubipetala Miq. However, M. chrysotrichoma differs from this species in its long and golden trichomes and reduced panicles. Myrcia ribeirensis differs from M. pubipetala by its thin and delicate leaf blades and reflexed calyx lobes. Myrcia chrysotrichoma is also compared with other three similar Atlantic Forest species: M. isaiana G.M.Barroso & Peixoto, M. maximiliana O.Berg and M. guarujana Sobral, Magenta & Caliari. We also present an identification key that includes all of the species cited throughout this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new species of Myrcia sect. Reticulosae, M. carassana and M. revoluta are here described and illustrated. Myrcia carassana was firstly recognized in 1908 by A. F. M. Glaziou but never validly published. This species is similar to M. venosissima but differs by reddish trichomes, inflorescences botryoid or reduced to simple dichasia with longer peduncles, obconic floral buds and calyx lobes internally densely pilose. Myrcia revoluta resembles M. reticulosa but differs by leaves strongly revolute, densely pilose abaxially when mature, and subterminal inflorescences subtended by reduced leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]