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Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human features to non-human subjects. Anthropomorphized organizations acquire in the minds of their members a unique identity, which becomes capable of guiding members' motivations, with important managerial implications. Ashforth et al. (Acad Manage Rev https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2016.0496, 2018) offered a theoretical model of anthropomorphism in organizations, including "top-down" and "bottom-up" processes of organizational anthropomorphism as antecedents, and sensemaking and the sense of social connection of the organization as outcomes. Using SEM, this study operationalizes Ashforth et al.'s (Acad Manage Rev https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2016.0496, 2018) model using a two-trait scale of organizational virtue (Empathy and Courage) derived from Chun (J Bus Ethics 57:269–284, 2005), including measures of CSR and OCB as antecedents, and organizational justice and affective commitment as outcomes. The model is tested on survey data from seven UK managed service organizations in the hotels, logistics and legal sectors. As secondary contribution, moderation analysis is undertaken by industry, offering further insight into the evaluation of organizational anthropomorphism. Firstly, we note that high evaluations of Empathy influence evaluations of Courage through a halo effect. Secondly, we note that heuristic evaluation of the firm's CSR practice also influences perceptions of Empathy and Courage. The paper also includes a discussion of the critique of organizational virtues by virtue ethicists in an effort to advance the dialogue between the two traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that magnesium is an essential cofactor for several enzymes and is required for DNA stability and protein synthesis. Topics include examines to maintain stable intracellular magnesium levels, the serum magnesium concentration is tightly regulated by the interplay of intestinal uptake and renal excretion.

Background: Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is an autosomal recessive tubular disease caused by mutations in the CLDN16 or CLDN19 gene. Previous studies using microsatellite markers flanking the CLDN19 locus estimated that p.G20D (c.59G>A), a recurrent mutation in Spanish families, is a founder mutation. In the present study, we assessed the haplotype of Spanish patients using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Methods: Twenty-seven FHHNC patients were included in this study. We analyzed four SNPs located in CLDN19 introns 3 and 4 by polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing. Results: Three new patients with homozygous p.G20D were identified. The SNP genotyping analysis showed that alleles carrying this mutation shared a common SNP haplotype. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the existence of a founder effect responsible for FHHNC in our cohort. Testing for the presence of mutation p.G20D should be the first genetic screening in Spanish patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The encyclical proclaims the centrality of human development, which includes acting with gratuitousness and solidarity in pursuing the common good. This paper considers first whether such relationships of gratuitousness and solidarity can be analysed through the prism of traditional theories of social psychology, which are highly influential in current management research, and concludes that certain aspects of those theories may offer useful tools for analysis at the practical level. This is contrasted with the analysis of such relationships through Aristotelian virtue ethics (in particular as interpreted by MacIntyre , , ), which is emerging as a strong force in the field of business ethics, and which has strong conceptual similarities with the ideas put forward by Benedict XVI. Aristotelian virtue ethics offers a better fit with the aims of the encyclical at the theoretical level but it presents a number of challenges at the practical level, which the paper suggests may be addressed through the integration in its analysis of human action of models derived from social psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of fibrin for mesh fixation in laparascopic hernioplasty has theoretical advantages in that it could result in reducing postoperative pain. The objective of this study is to demonstrate this improvement in postoperative pain with the highest level of evidence possible.Methods: Unicenter single surgeon prospective randomized double-blind study of transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) bilateral hernioplasties comparing autologous fibrin sealant (FG) used for mesh fixation on one side and staples (SG) on the other. Data were collected regarding anthropometric measures, costs, complications and pain evaluation at postoperative days 7, 30 and 180 using a visual analogue scale. The patients were also asked to answer the following simple question: "On which side do you have more pain?"Results: Twenty-two eligible patients were included in the study. Both groups were comparable. The operating time was significantly longer (30 min more) in the FG. The incidence of seroma was similar in both groups, and that of hematoma was higher in the SG (0 vs. 9.1%). At 1 week, the visual analogue scale scores were significantly lower in the FG (median: 1.7 vs. 4.5; MWU:103.5, p < 0.05). At 1 month, this difference became clinical and statistically insignificant. 72.7% of the patients referred more pain on the side with staples at 1 week, 38% at 1 month, and 0% at 6 months (after patients with hernia recurrence were excluded). The recurrence rate was higher in the FG (9.9 vs. 13.6%). A hernia in the FG cost 200 Euros more than that in the SG, or even more if a complete economic study is considered.Conclusions: The use of fibrin produces less postoperative pain in the first week, but prolongs operating time and increases costs. Moreover, there appears to be a higher recurrence rate and a lower incidence of hematoma, while the incidence of seroma remains unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dent's disease is an X-linked renal tubular disorder characterized by low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, and eventual renal failure. Various types of mutations in the renal chloride channel gene, CLCN5, have been identified in patients with this disease. We studied a Spanish patient with Dent's disease and found, by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the CLCN5 exons, an abnormally large exon 11. Sequencing analysis revealed that this was attributable to the insertion in codon 650 of an Alu element of the "young" Ya5 subfamily. The Alu element was inserted with the same orientation as the CLCN5 gene and arose de novo on the maternal chromosome. Polymorphism analysis indicated that the insertion occurred in the germline of the maternal grandfather. The presence of a long poly(A) tract and evidence for a 16-bp target-site duplication implied that the Alu element was integrated by retrotransposition. This mutation predicts a truncated ClC-5 protein that lacks part of the carboxy-terminus and is likely to result in loss of function of the chloride channel. Insertions of Alu sequences, which are rarely found in coding regions, have occasionally been reported to cause other genetic diseases. However, this is the first report of a retrotransposon insertion in the CLCN5 gene associated with Dent's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conidial walls of wild-type and white mutant Aspergillus nidulans were purified. Chemical analysis showed that the conidial wall of the wild-type strain contained neutral carbohydrate, protein, chitin, melanin, and small amounts of lipid. The neutral sugars were glucose, galactose, and mannose. Chemical fractionation experiments indicated the presence of α-1,3-glucan in the wild-type conidial wall. The conidial wall of the white mutant strain lacked melanin and α-1,3-glucan, and contained twice as much galactose as that of the wild-type strain. The protein(s) of the white mutant wall contained fifteen amino acids. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the wild-type conidial wall was composed of an electron-dense outer layer, irregular in thickness and containing the α-1,3-glucan, an electron-translucent middle layer, and a thin inner layer intimately associated with the plasma membrane. Conidial walls of the white mutant strain lacked the electron-dense outer layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rodlet layers of wild-type and white mutant Aspergillus nidulans conidia were purified by a simple centrifugation procedure after conidial suspensions were subjected to sonication. Chemical analysis showed that the major components of wild-type rodlets were protein and melanin in almost equal amounts, followed by carbohydrate. White mutant rodlets differed from those of the wild-type strain in that the melanin content was very low. Histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and alanine were the most prominent amino acids in the rodlet layer of the white mutant, whereas cystine and methionine were not found. Electron microscopy studies showed that the rodlets of both white mutant and wild-type strains were grouped into fascicles, which varied from 80 to 160 nm in width. Individual rodlets measured 125-360 nm in length and 7 nm in diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]