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Symmetric double-sided electrostatic actuators in push-pull configuration are particularly suitable for linear actuation with low harmonic distortion. However, their motion still is largely determined by pull-in instabilities that are sensitive to geometry variations. A considerable simulation effort is therefore required when assessing manufacturing tolerances during the design process or determining the optimal operating point. Recently, an accurate method was demonstrated, allowing for the numerically inexpensive and experimentally non-destructive extraction of the full quasi-static performance of a clamped-free beam-like electrostatic micro-mechanical actuator with complex 3D design. The key step was to determine the voltage scaling related to the pull-in voltage based on data collected far away from pull-in conditions. This relates a dimensionless ansatz to the physical input voltages as well as the output like e.g. the actuator's tip deflection. For the chosen approach, however, the relationship between the model and the geometry parameters is unknown. In this paper we propose a method to enable quantifying the impact of geometry parameter variations. In particular, we adapt the model equation for the case of symmetry-breaking tolerances on the basis of few FEM-simulations. The quasi-static pull-in instability, as well as the nonlinear deflection, are consistently reproduced over the full range of relevant combinations of signal and bias voltages. Our analysis was developed in the context of a specific electro-acoustic transducer. However, we find indications that the underlying method is in fact applicable to a much broader range of micro-mechanical actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, with its highly sensitive olfactory system, has emerged as a promising tool for testing chemotaxis. In the field of cancer diagnostics, there is a growing interest in the development of non-invasive screening methods for the detection of volatile organic compounds in a patient's urine. The objective of this study was to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by evaluating the ability of a Caenorhabditis elegans-based chemotaxis assay to discriminate between urine samples from healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with breast or colon cancer. Following synchronization of the developmental stages of C. elegans, nematodes were exposed to the urine of cancer patients and healthy individuals. Subsequently, chemotactic indices were calculated for each urine sample. Our results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the chemotactic response of C. elegans to urine samples from cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the test demonstrated promising diagnostic utility, with a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 62%, and a detection rate of 73% among patients with breast cancer and a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 62%, and a detection rate of 72% among those with colon cancer. Our findings expand on previous observations, confirming the remarkable sensitivity of C. elegans hermaphrodites to discriminating cancer-related volatile organic compounds in urine samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using GPS–GSM trackers, data on the spatial distribution and habitat features during the wintering period were obtained for five young greater spotted eagles (Clanga clanga) tagged in the center of European Russia or the Middle Volga region. The wintering areas of the studied birds, with the exception of one individual in the second and third winters, were located in the Middle East (Israel, northern Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran), in South Africa (Sudan and South Sudan), and in Azerbaijan. The uneven distribution of greater spotted eagles in winter territories was revealed, within which the birds spent most of their time in preferred areas where they stayed for long periods. The size and configuration of winter territories depended on the availability of forage lands. The ecological features of the territories created a difference in the area of wintering grounds and the character of daytime movements of different individuals. A bird wintering in the arid landscapes of the Arabian Peninsula with extremely poor forage conditions was forced to make maximal daily movements in search of prey. At the same time, individuals wintering in the deltaic Caspian plains in Iran and in the Prikubanskaya Plain in southern Russia found areas with rich and accessible food which necessitated minimal daily movements and a minimum radius of the daytime territory. Based on telemetry and visual observations, a previously unknown area of sustainable wintering of greater spotted eagles in the southern part of European Russia has been located. The paddy rice fields in the Prikubanskaya Plain as the most important forage habitat and the likely significance of the numerous and available brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) as the main prey species in winter are discussed. The data obtained form an important basis for the development of a strategy for the protection of this rare vulnerable species across the entire distribution range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent development of microacoustic metagratings opens up promising possibilities for manipulating acoustic wavefronts passively, particularly in applications such as flat acoustic lenses and ultra-high frequency ultrasound imaging. The emergence of two-photon polymerization has made it feasible to precisely manufacture microscopic structures, as required when metagratings are scaled to MHz frequencies in airborne ultrasound. Nevertheless, the downsizing process presents another hurdle as the increased thermoviscous effects result in substantial losses that must be considered during the design phase. In this study, we propose two designs for microacoustic metagratings that refract a normally incident wave towards –35 ° at 2 MHz, consisting of single-body and two-body meta-atoms. The designs are created by employing shape optimization techniques that incorporate the linearized Navier–Stokes equations in every iteration starting from a neutral geometry. This ensures that the evolution of geometric key features responsible for anomalous refraction fully accounts for thermoviscous effects, as would be the case during evolution in nature where the full set of physics is always active. Subsequently, we experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of these metagratings by employing a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer as the sound source and an optical microphone as the detector, covering a frequency range from 1.8 to 2.2 MHz. Our findings confirm the single-body geometry reported in the literature and show an alternative geometry for two-body design, showcasing the successful utilization of two-photon polymerization for manufacturing microscopic acoustic metamaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider top quark production and decay in the narrow width approximation and study if the polarisation effects, that manifest themselves in correlations of angular distributions of particles from top quark decays and final state jets in the production sub-process, are affected by linear power corrections. We find that, in general, the answer to this question is affirmative. We also discuss how these non-perturbative corrections affect polarisation observables used to study single top production at the LHC. Finally, we point out that generic kinematic distributions of leptons from top quark decays are affected by linear power corrections, which may have implications for proposals to extract the top quark mass from such leptonic observables. On the other hand, we demonstrate that the distribution of the “out-of-collision-plane” component of the positron momentum is free from linear power corrections, making it an interesting candidate for the top quark mass measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given a bounded sequence { X n } n of semimartingales on a time interval [0, T], we find a sequence of convex combinations { Y n } n and a limiting semimartingale Y such that { Y n } n converges to Y in a σ -localized modification of the Émery topology. More precisely, { Y n } n converges to Y in the Émery topology on an increasing sequence { D n } n of predictable sets covering Ω × [ 0 , T ] . We also prove some technical variants of this theorem, including a version where the complement of { D n } n forms a disjoint sequence. Applications include a complete characterization of sequences admitting convex combinations converging in the Émery topology and a supermartingale counterpart of Helly’s selection theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze a space-time algebra of BPS states that emerges in the infinite distance limit in the moduli space of the nine-dimensional CHL string as the theory decompactifies to the ten-dimensional E8 × E8 heterotic string. We find an affine algebra as expected from the heterotic case, but in a twisted version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ultrafast processes caused by photoexcitation of (n-Bu4N)2[Pt(NO3)6] complex in acetonitrile were studied by means of transient absorption (TA) pump-probe spectroscopy and verified by quantum chemical calculations. The primary photochemical process was found to be an inner-sphere electron transfer followed by an escape of an •NO3 radical to the bulk solution. The reaction occurs via the dissociative triplet excited LMCT state of the initial complex. Based on the experimental data and quantum chemical calculations, the mechanism of ultrafast photophysical and photochemical processes is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have obtained the first data on the chemical composition of the eruptive materials from the explosive eruption of Bezymianny volcano on April 7, 2023. Our unique collection includes freshly sampled pumice lapilli from the eruption and juvenile blocks from pyroclastic flows. We have identified interesting patterns in both macro components and specific chalcophile elements, such as copper. The rocks we studied belong to medium-K two-pyroxene basaltic andesite (55.5‒57 wt % SiO2), with mafic enclaves characterized by a slightly more primitive composition (53.7 wt % SiO2). According to mineral geothermometry data, the phenocrysts of basaltic andesite crystallized at temperatures in the range from 940 to 960°C, while the formation of phenocryst rims and microlites occurred at 980°C, which corresponds to conditions immediately before the eruption. The composition of volcanic glass allows us to estimate the pressure at which the magma reached the last equilibrium with crystallizing phases before eruption (0.5‒0.6 kbar). Based on these findings, we have formulated hypotheses about the potential evolution of the shallow magma chamber of Bezymianny volcano during the period from 2017 to 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is devoted to enhanced CeO2 evaporation in the temperature range between 2130 and 2650 K from refractory crucibles made of different materials: molybdenum, tantalum, and tungsten. The composition datum of vapor and films deposited on collectors receiving evaporation products were obtained by quadrupole mass spectroscopy and by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. One of approximation coefficients of the temperature dependence of CeO2 vapor in the range between 2150 and 2220 K was measured. The study is of interest for a variety of technologies utilizing refractory oxide evaporation with high productivity, including the plasma mass separation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biochemistry of carbon assimilation in aerobic methylotrophs growing on reduced C1 compounds has been intensively studied due to the vital role of these microorganisms in nature. The biochemical pathways of carbon assimilation in methylotrophs growing on multi-carbon substrates are insufficiently explored. Here we elucidated the metabolic route of mannitol assimilation in the alphaproteobacterial facultative methylotroph Methylobrevis pamukkalensis PK2. Two key enzymes of mannitol metabolism, mannitol-2-dehydrogenase (MTD) and fructokinase (FruK), were obtained as His-tagged proteins by cloning and expression of mtd and fruK genes in Escherichia coli and characterized. Genomic analysis revealed that further transformation of fructose-6-phosphate proceeds via the Entner–Doudoroff pathway. During growth on mannitol + methanol mixture, the strain PK2 consumed both substrates simultaneously demonstrating independence of C1 and C6 metabolic pathways. Genome screening showed that genes for mannitol utilization enzymes are present in other alphaproteobacterial methylotrophs predominantly capable of living in association with plants. The capability to utilize a variety of carbohydrates (sorbitol, glucose, fructose, arabinose and xylose) suggests a broad adaptability of the strain PK2 to live in environments where availability of carbon substrate dynamically changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is devoted to the problem of detecting and studying archaeological sites based on methods of machine learning, mapping, and geophysics. The article discusses the methodology for mapping and surveying archaeological objects in the form of 2D and 3D models, and proposes machine learning methods based on convolutional neural networks for the detection and classification of archaeological objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reactions of calcium hydroxide with pivalic, 1-naphthoic, and 2-furancarboxylic acids afford the corresponding polymeric calcium carboxylates. Depending on the crystallization conditions, calcium pivalate is isolated as two different coordination polymers: [Ca3(Piv)6(DMF)2]n·0.635nC6H6·0.365nDMF (I) and [Ca(Рiv)(H2O)2.333(DMF)0.666]n·nРiv·0.333H2O (II). The synthesized calcium 1-naphthoate contains coordinated water molecules [Сa(Naph)2(H2O)2]n (III), and calcium furoate [Ca(Fur)2]n (IV) contains no ancillary ligands. The structures of compounds I–IV are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF files CCDC nos. 2342790–2342793, respectively). The structures of compounds I–III are characterized by the 1D polymeric structure, and compound IV is the 3D polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of quantum bits (qubits) is crucial for the progress of quantum technologies. Among various approaches, the qubits based on paramagnetic centers have decent advantages, including their diversity and possibilities of regular ordering, for example, within the structure of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In the present work a simple and scalable approach to obtain qubit candidates based on stable organic radical 3-carboxy-proxyl and MOF-808 framework has been demonstrated. Investigation of the obtained compounds with different radical amounts using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) demonstrates the presence of two fractions of radicals, which is supported by simulations. Sufficiently long phase memory time at room temperature for the radicals adsorbed into MOF (0.39 μs), as well as the observed Rabi nutations, allow considering this material as a platform for qubits design. The developed approach is capable of incorporating various amounts of paramagnetic centers into the MOF structure and can be employed to obtain other spin qubit candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To study the effects of self-assessment of sleep quality on psychometric test parameters and autonomic status in students of different genders and with different levels of habitual physical activity. Material and methods. We present here the results of a survey of 124 year 6 students (88 female, 36 male) studying medicine and 80 students (42 female, 38 male) majoring in physical education. All students underwent comprehensive psychophysiological investigations, which consisted of seven tests: simple motor reactions, selection reactions, reactions in conditions of interference, reactions to moving objects, critical flicker fusion frequency, and static and dynamic (by profile) coordinationometry. Autonomic status was assessed on the basis of heart rate variability and sleep quality and activation were evaluated by self-assessment; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) was used in sports students. Results. Sleep quality in male sports students with a predominantly morning chronotype was significantly better than that in medical students. Female medical students constituted the only group showing deterioration in praxis, which was associated with a greater extent of evening features in the chronotype and lower self-assessment of sleep quality. Increased drowsiness in the first half hour after waking up significantly reduced the quality of psychometric test performance in all subjects. The most informative test was the critical flicker fusion frequency, which was lower in females with poor sleep; reactions to a moving object were also informative. In addition, an increase in the sympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system was seen only in females with poor sleep. Conclusion. Reduced sleep quality in college students causes fine motor impairments mediated by gender, the level of habitual motor activity, and the circadian chronotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of measuring cavitation thresholds and some hydrological and hydrochemical parameters of seawater in various areas of the World Ocean are presented and discussed. The stable temporal variability of the cavitation thresholds on time scales of several days is shown. The daily, semidaily, and other periodicities of changes in magnitude of cavitation thresholds are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main features of the quasi-frozen spin lattice were calculated in the spinor formalism, such as a spin-tune and a direction of the invariant spin axis. As the radial field perturbations play a crucial role in the EDM measurement procedure, the difference of frozen and quasi-frozen spin lattices was investigated in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To search for proton Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) using proton storage ring with purely electrostatic elements, the concept of frozen spin method has been proposed by Brookhaven National Laboratory. This method is based on two facts: in the equation of spin precession, the magnetic field dependence is entirely eliminated, and at the "magic" energy, the spin precession frequency coincides with the precession frequency of the particle momentum. In case of deuteron, we have to use the electrical and magnetic field simultaneously, keeping the frozen spin direction along the momentum as in the pure electrostatic ring. Later, Yu. Senichev proposed the concept of quasi-frozen spin, in which the spin oscillates around the direction of the pulse within half the value of the advanced phase of rotation in magnetic arcs, each time returning back in deflectors with an electrostatic field. Due to the low value of the anomalous magnetic moment of deuteron, an effective contribution to the expected EDM effect is reduced only by a few percent compared with frozen spin method. In this work, we consider the adapted structure of the NICA and Nuclotron synchrotrons, in which the "quasi-frozen spin" option can be implemented. The advantage of the "quasi-frozen spin" concept is the possibility of using synchrotrons already existing in the world that are not focused on studying EDM, which makes this method the only one possible for the accelerators of the NICA complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TPP-9 of PJSC "Mosenergo" is equipped with an AE64.3A gas turbine (manufactured by Ansaldo Energia) delivering flue gases to a Pr-94-13.8-545 single pressure vertical heat recovery steam generator (P-111, manufactured by JSC "ZiO-Podolsk") used for generating superheated steam as well as providing heat for district heating. The generated steam enters the TPP-9 common steam header with the designed pressure of 13.8 MPa and is further used for driving steam turbines. The common steam header is also fed by conventional steam boilers located at TPP-9. Under the current scheme, the gas turbine unit (GTU) and HRSG operation is only possible in conjunction with conventional steam boilers and, therefore, separate operation of GTU, HRSG with any of steam turbines as a power unit is impossible. The requirement for joint operation of GTU, HRSG, and conventional boilers imposes significant restrictions on operating equipment as well as the load range of TPP-9 and causes low GTU, HRSG annual operating time primarily occurring during the fall-winter period. The latter is further worsened by the fact that GTU, HRSG operation is mostly appropriate during the spring-summer period providing compensation for the TPP efficiency decrease caused by a low heat output. An increase in GTU, HRSG annual operating time is possible after retrofitting the current TPP-9 thermal scheme allowing operation of GT, HRSG as a power unit with an existing or newly installed steam turbine, which will simultaneously provide an increase in TPP-9 technical and economic indicators as well as equipment readiness and maneuverability. This will provide the opportunity to optimize operation according to the current loads schedule while maintaining the reliable power and heat output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Sensory chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is well-recognized, but motor CIPN remains understudied. This secondary analysis focused on the long-term severity and impact of motor disorders, their relation to sensory CIPN, neuropathic pain, psychological distress, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Methods: Data from a multicenter, cross-sectional study were re-analyzed to explore motor CIPN among CRC survivors up to 5 years post-chemotherapy, with no longitudinal follow-up. Questionnaires assessed sensory and motor CIPN (QLQ-CIPN20), neuropathic pain (DN4), anxiety and depression (HADS), and HRQoL (QLQ-C30). Results: Among 405 CRC survivors, 31.1% had sensory CIPN as previously described. When categorizing the 405 CRC survivors based on the years since their last oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, the motor scores derived from the QLQ-CIPN20 showed no significant difference between years (p = 0.08). Motor CIPN scores correlated with female gender, higher oxaliplatin dose intensity, sensory CIPN, and neuropathic pain. Motor CIPN also linked to decreased HRQoL and increased psychological distress. Conclusion: The study underscores the detrimental impact of motor disorders on CRC survivors post-oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Oncologists should prioritize assessing and managing motor manifestations alongside sensory symptoms to enhance post-cancer quality of life. Trial registration: NCT02970526 (2016-11-22). . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of preliminary experiments on measuring the spatial asymmetry of plasma flows in the GOL-NB device using movable Mach probe are presented and the diagnostics used is described. In the experiments, the high-field sections were mounted in the configuration with solenoidal magnetic field. The dynamics of plasma flows was recorded which was expected in the trap: the plasma flowed from the plasma gun along the magnetic field, accumulated in the GOL-NB central trap, and then after the plasma gun was switched off, flowed out from the central trap in two directions. At time of transition from the stage of plasma accumulation to the stage of its decay, the direction of plasma flow in the input high-field section was inverted. The balance of particles in the central trap is discussed. Experiments have shown that this technique can be used for studying the effects of improving plasma confinement after switching to the multiple-mirror configuration of high-field sections, in which, according to theory, under optimal conditions, a flow of b-ackscattered particles should arise, which will return them from the multiple-mirror sections to the confinement zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proprioception makes an important contribution to the regulation of speed, strength, and spatial parameters of movements, determining the level of proficiency in motor skills. However, the effectiveness of various training approaches in relation to voluntary proprioceptive control of target muscles has not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, we investigated the effectiveness of three types of manipulative training: (1) fine coordination, (2) discrete muscle relaxation and (3) their combinations in relation to the accuracy of reproducing: (а) the angular deviation of the joystick from the vertical and (b) static muscle efforts during the pronation and supination of the joystick. The study involved 40 young (18–35 years old), physically active volunteers who randomly made up four groups of ten people: "Control" (lack of training), "Coordination" (training of passing an analog of a slit maze with a thin probe), "Discrete Relaxation" (training of discrete muscle relaxation of pronators and supinators of the forearm), "Combined" (combined training of maze passing and discrete relaxation). Before and after training (n = 10) we eva°luated: (1) the accuracy of reproduction of the deviation of the hand joystick from the vertical by 20°, 50°, 80° and (2) the accuracy of reproduction of isometric contraction (0, 20, 50, and 80% of the maximum effort) in the descending and ascending directions as well as discrete achievement of any effort level by pronation/supination of the joystick. It was found that coordination training increased the length of the traversed path in 3 min with a reduced number of errors and increased the proprioceptive accuracy of reproducing the angle of deviation of the joystick by 20°. In the "Discrete Relaxation" group the mean modulus of errors in reproducing descending, ascending, and discrete forces during supination, as well as the mean modulus of errors in reproducing descending, ascending, and discrete forces during forearm pronation decreased after course training. At the same time, no changes in the accuracy of reproducing the angular positions of the joystick were found in this group. In the "Combined" group, training led to an increase in the accuracy of reproducing ascending and descending efforts during pronation, as well as the accuracy of descending efforts during supination of the forearm. In addition, in this group, a decrease in the error modulus during reproducing the tilt of the joystick by 50° by supination was revealed. Correlation analysis did not reveal positive links between training changes in proprioceptive control of different modality. Thus, the training effects used on the target muscles of the forearm have a specific effect on the proprioceptive control of muscle effort and spatial position in the hand joints. The high efficiency of discrete relaxation training regarding the accuracy of voluntary efforts allows us to recommend its use in order to increase the level of mastery of the motor skills of the hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the interrelation between topology and Narain T-duality of heterotic flux vacua. We present evidence that all 5 and 4-dimensional Minkowski space heterotic flux backgrounds with 8 supercharges have a locus in the moduli space with a T-dual description in terms of a compactification on the product of a K3 surface with a circle or a torus. A test of this equivalence is provided by calculating the new supersymmetric index on both sides of the duality. We examine the implications of these dualities for CHL-like orbifolds that reduce the rank of the gauge group, as well as those that lead to minimal supersymmetry in 4 dimensions. We also discuss properties of flux vacua that preserve minimal supersymmetry in 4 dimensions that cannot be related to conventional compactifications by Narain T-duality. Along the way we point out a number of properties of these vacua, including the role played by non-trivial flat gerbes, the appearance of rational worldsheet CFTs in decompactification limits, and the role of attractive K3 surfaces in backgrounds with minimal supersymmetry. Finally, we discuss the dual pairs from the perspective of M-theory/heterotic duality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work the phenomenon of the quasi-coherent mode of plasma fluctuations in purely ohmic plasmas of the T-10 tokamak is investigated. The plasma magnetic fluctuation spectra along with spectra of relative electron density oscillations and plasma potential fluctuation spectra were studied. The presence of both electrostatic and magnetic components of the quasi-coherent mode has been established in the core and as well at the edge regions of the plasma column. This fact allows one to consider the quasi-coherent mode as one of the types of electromagnetic turbulence of fusion plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of changes in sea surface temperature (SST) on the southwestern shelf of Crimea in 2000–2020 has been conducted. The equations of trends in the change in SST are found. It is shown that, according to the nature of changes in the average annual sea temperature, three periods can be distinguished: 2000–2007, 2008–2013, and 2014–2020. The influence of changes in the average annual SST on the development of pelagic fish of the cold-water complex (using the example of the Black Sea sprat) is considered. Changes in the main parameters of populations and their relationship with the change in the average annual SST are found. It is found that the observed increase in sea temperature negatively affected the development of the sprat population; the average age of the population has decreased by 1.3 times. In general, the population has been rejuvenated, and the average size and weight of individuals has decreased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an actual medicosocial problem. The pathogenesis of PTSD is closely related to impairment of sensorimotor integration (SMI). The effectiveness of psychosomatic disorder therapy for PTSD rehabilitation can be improved by restoring normal sensorimotor integration. The review examines various autonomic, electro-physiological, and postural markers of high sensory motor integration in highly skilled athletes and musicians, as well as impairment of these indices in persons with PTSD. We have established that the most accessible and informative indicators of SMI are: an increase in EEG power in the individually adjusted high-frequency alpha-band, a reduction in energy demands for posture control and a decrease in the electromyographic activity of redundant muscles, not involved in a dual motor-cognitive task. In the future, it is planned to use these indicators to diagnose stress disorders and to develop sensorimotor integration recovery training in patients with PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the analysis of the data set obtained in the course of long-term studies of the population biology of beaked redfish Sebastes mentella are used as an interdisciplinary approach in the study of its geographical, biotopic, ontogenetic, and phylogenetic features and population structure in the pelagic zone of the Irminger Sea and the adjacent bathyal zone of Greenland and Iceland. The approach is based on the ecological-parasitological method, which involves the use of data on the composition of parasite communities and the occurrence of their individual species as biomarkers for understanding the features of the ecology of hydrobionts. The results obtained, which include information on the spatial distribution, functional subdivision of the area, ontogenetic migrations, maturation and growth rate, underwater marking, and phenetic, genetic, and other features of beaked redfish, made it possible to identify the conditions for divergent formation and significant isolation of its pelagic and benthic groupings constituting the North Atlantic population. The colonization by this species of great depths of the oceanic pelagic zone and the near-bottom layer of the bathyal zone, accompanied with an increase in the rate of sexual maturation and migratory activity in the pelagic zone, characterizes the direction of the current stage of its phylogenesis. The unity of the pelagic grouping of beaked redfish in the vast water area and throughout the depth of its distribution in the Irminger and Labrador seas is substantiated. It is shown that significant differences in infestation rate between males and females of beaked redfish, stable in time and space, with the only species-specific parasite (the copepod Sphyrion lumpi) serve as a phene of the pelagic grouping of the North Atlantic population of the host. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents data on lithology, biostratigraphy, and molluscan paleontological characteristics of the Lower Volgian–Upper Ryazanian interval of the Yanov Stan Formation obtained from the core of the Novoyakimovskaya-1 parametric well. The formation consists of mudstone-siltstone intercalation with rare sandstone beds and numerous levels with carbonate concretions. For the first time, abundant glendonites are reported from the Yanov Stan Formation, including stratigraphic intervals from which they have not been previously known. An almost complete 290-m core of the Yanov Stan Formation with abundant ammonites and bivalves was obtained. This enabled us to develop a detailed biostratigraphic zonation of the section based on ammonites and bivalves. The following succession of ammonite zones, known in Western Siberia and, mainly, in Eastern Siberia (from bottom to top), was established: Paravirgatites lideri, Pavlovia iatriensis, Dorsoplanites ilovaiskii, D. maximus, Epivirgatites variabilis, Praechetates exoticus, Craspedites okensis, Praetollia maynci, Hectoroceras kochi, and Surites subanalogus. The bivalve succession, distinguished based on the members of the genus Buchia, includes the following Buchiazones: Buchia mosquensis, B. unschensis, B. okensis, ?B. jasikovi, and B. volgensis. The molluscan assemblages of the studied core, starting at least from the upper Middle Volgian, are similar to the coeval assemblages from the eastern part of the Yenisei–Khatanga depression and the Laptev Sea coast but differ from those from Western Siberia. This suggests the existence of some environmental factors that prevented the free distribution of mollusks from the western part of the Yenisei–Khatanga depression into the West Siberian basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The review is dedicated to the photochemical reactions of radical cations (RC) of various organic oxygen-containing compounds stabilized in low-temperature matrices. The nature of RC and the products of their photochemical reactions has been established via quantum chemistry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and low-temperature optical spectroscopy. Depending on the structure of the precursor molecule, various mechanisms of photoconversion arise for these RC: charge transfer to matrix molecules, hydrogen atom and proton transfer, isomerization, dissociation. This study allowed us to posit that there is no correlation between the structure of the molecule of the precursor molecule and the variety of available phototransformation channels for the corresponding RC in frozen matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At an experiment on acceleration of a polarized proton beam up to an energy at , the possibility of crossing the transition energy at by a jump is considered. The scheme of crossing by a rapid change of transition energy, assumes the longitudinal movement in Barrier Bucket RF near the zero value of the slip-factor. The jump itself is carried out in the absence of an RF field. The paper presents the influence of the above features on the dynamics of a polarized beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 1982–1990 to 2006–2010 in the western part of the Bering Sea biomass of the walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus decreased by almost an order of magnitude, from 7.2 to 0.7 million tons. However, in the last decade (2011–2020) its biomass increased to the long-term average value (4.0 million tons). In the eastern part of the sea, the pollock biomass dynamics was of the wave-like nature with the highest value in 1982–1990 and the lowest, in 2006–2010. The food spectrum of the walleye pollock is wide and includes 16 taxonomic groups of aquatic organisms. The main part of average annual food mass consumed by pollock in the Bering Sea in 1982–2020 consisted of zooplankton (74.1%). During different study periods, annual feed consumption varied from 91.1 to 373.0 (average 239.3) million tons per year. Significant fluctuations in the volume of food consumed are mainly associated with the dynamics of the species' biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eternal vertex cover problem is a version of the graph vertex cover problem that can be represented as a dynamic game between two players (the Attacker and the Defender) with an infinite number of steps. At each step, there is an arrangement of guards over the vertices of the graph forming a vertex cover. When the Attacker attacks one of the graph's edges, the Defender must move the guard along the attacked edge from one vertex to the other. In addition, the Defender can move any number of other guards from their current vertices to some adjacent ones to obtain a new vertex cover. The Attacker wins if the Defender cannot build a new vertex cover after the attack. In this paper, we propose a procedure that allows us to answer the question whether there exists a winning Defender strategy that permits protecting a given vertex cover for a given finite number of steps. To construct the Defender strategy, the problem is represented as a dynamic Stackelberg game in which at each step the interaction of the opposing sides is formalized as a two-level mathematical programming problem. The idea of the procedure is to recursively check the 1-stability of vertex covers obtained as a result of solving lower-level problems and to use some information about the covers already considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the influence of space charge impedances, as well as RF resonators, on longitudinal dynamics during transition energy crossing with a jump. One distinctive feature is the use of the Barrier Bucket RF as a result a specific distribution of the beam in the phase space, different from the classical one formed by harmonic RF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of the results of time-resolved transient S1→Sn absorption spectroscopy studies and quantum chemical calculations of the dye (2E,5E)-2,5-bis[4-(1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxa-16-azacyclooctadecane-16-yl)benzylidene]cyclopentanone (1) and its metal complexes confirm the generality of the phenomenon of photoinduced recoordination of metal cations in the complexes of bis(aza-18-crown-6)-containing derivatives of the dibenzylidenecyclobutanone (dibenzylidenecyclopentanone) series. The results obtained confirmed the existence of the first stage of photoinduced recoordination of metal cations in the 1 • (Mn+)2 (M = Ba2+, Ca2+, K+) complexes which completes within a few hundreds of femtoseconds. The process involves cleavage of the N—M bond followed by displacement of the metal cation from its equilibrium position in the azacrown ether cavity and by transformation of the "axial" conformation of the complex to "equatorial" one. It was demonstrated that the barrier photoinduced recoordination of the cation in the 1 • (Ba2+)2 complex is accompanied by the change of the type of the solvation shell of the crowned Ba2+ cation in the following order: (2+1)MeCN, (3+1)MeCN, 4MeCN. In a low-temperature butyronitrile glassy matrix at 77 K, the photoinduced recoordination is completely suppressed. The Mg2+, Li+, and Na+ cations can form not only the inclusion complexes, but also the 1: 3 complexes ((Mn+) • 1 • (Mn+)2) of moderate stability through additional coordination to the carbonyl group of the dye. The radii, rS, of solvates of different-stoichiometry complexes containing the same metal cation determined from the data of anisotropy decay kinetics of S1→Sn absorption are about 9.2 Å for 1 • (Mg2+)2 and nearly 11.5 Å for Mg2+ • 1 • (Mg2+)2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We derive a compact representation of the renormalized N-jettiness soft function that is free of infrared and collinear divergences through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. The number of hard partons N is a parameter in the formula for the finite remainder. Cancellation of all infrared and collinear singularities between the bare soft function and its renormalization matrix in color space is demonstrated analytically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasma was heated at the second harmonic of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) in the L-2M stellarator and the T-10 tokamak. The concept of equivalent tokamak and stellarator discharges was extended to the case of both full and partial absorption of EC power. Comparison of experimental electron temperature profiles with profiles calculated using the canonical profiles transport model allows us to estimate the efficiency of ECR heating in the L-2M discharges without suprathermal electrons, which distort the distribution function, preventing reliable measurements of temperature. The dependence of the ECR heating efficiency on the plasma density was obtained, describing experiments on the L-2M and TJ-II stellarators, and on the T-10 tokamak. The energy characteristics (the stored energy and the confinement time) for L-2M discharges were calculated. Predictions for ECR heating in the T-15MD tokamak are considered. The features of solving the ill-posed transport problem for the L-2M are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Egg-shell catalysts PdAg/Al2O3 with a molar ratio of Ag: Pd ranging from 0.5 to 10 were synthesized in order to study the gas-phase hydrogenation of acetylene. The results obtained by IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO and transmission electron microscopy confirm the assumption that a catalyst with an equimolar ratio Ag: Pd = 1 contains a substitutional solid solution, while at a ratio of Ag: Pd = 10 single-atom Pd1 sites, isolated from each other by silver atoms are formed. The results presented in this work demonstrate that the transformation of the active sites from the substitutional solid solution structure to the single-atom arrangement entails a considerable increase in selectivity toward the formation of ethylene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nature of the photoprocess for a Ni(Se2P(C6H5)2)2 = Ni(dsepi)2 complex in CCl4 and CH3CN has been determined by the EPR, steady-state and time-resolved optical spectroscopy methods. In both cases, the ultrafast relaxation of the excited state of Ni(dsepi)2 molecules are observed; however, the occurrence of a photochemical reaction, in addition to the above process, has been detected in CCl4 solutions. The photolysis mechanism of Ni(dsepi)2 includes the ClNi(dsepi)(•dsepi) species formation stage initiated by electron transfer from the photoexcited complex to the halocarbon and subsequent fast reactions involving these intermediates. The final products of the photoreaction are the ((C6H5)2PSe)Se2 diselenide and the NiCl2 salt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the Karymsky Volcanic Center to estimate how much volcanic and hydrothermal activity affects the chemical composition of river water. We evaluate the volumes of major and trace elements coming to the Pacific Ocean via the Karymsky River. We assess the quality of river water in compliance with the regulations for potable water, water used for household work, and in fisheries. It is shown that the formation of ion load of the river water mostly occurs by inflow of thermal waters, as well as due to water-soluble complexes of ashes discharged by Karymsky Volcano and coming to the catchment area of the river. The annual volume of dissolved material transported by the river to the Kronotsky Bay of the Pacific Ocean amounts to more than 90 kilotons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exact solutions to the system of equations of the linear theory of shallow water that represent travelling waves with some specific properties on the time propagation interval are discussed. These solutions are infinite when approaching the shore and finite when leaving for deep water. The solutions are obtained by reducing one-dimensional equations of shallow water to the Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation with negative integer coefficient ahead of the lower derivative. An analysis of the wave field dynamics is carried out. It is shown that the shape of a wave approaching the shore will be differentiated a certain number of times. This is illustrated by a number of examples. When the wave moves away from the shore, its profile is integrated. The solutions obtained within the framework of linear theory are valid only on a finite interval of variation in the depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using numerical modeling of the rotational dynamics of asteroid (99942) Apophis, the disturbances that occur in the rotational motion of asteroids during their close approaches to the Earth were studied. Such events can lead to significant changes in the speed of the asteroid's own rotation and the orientation of its rotation axis in space. Assuming that the figure of Apophis is approximated by a triaxial ellipsoid, the dependences of changes in the rotation period of an asteroid on the parameters of the orbit and its rotational state before approaching the Earth were studied. It has been established that the rotation period of Apophis, which is currently about 30 h, may change due to the next approach to Earth in 2029 very significantly—to 10–15 h; in numerical experiments, both acceleration and deceleration of the asteroid's rotation were observed. Perturbations in the rotational motion of the asteroid noticeably affect its further orbital dynamics as a result of changes in the magnitude of the Yarkovsky effect. It was concluded that as a result of close approach, the average rate of change of the semimajor axis of Apophis's orbit caused by the Yarkovsky effect, which is currently about 200 m/year, may decrease to 160 m/year or increase to 300 m/year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is an important photolytic source of NO3• radicals in aqueous nitric acid solutions and in acetonitrile. In this work we performed the study of primary photochemical processes for CAN in acetonitrile by means of ultrafast TA spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Photoexcitation of CAN is followed by ultrafast (< 100 fs) intersystem crossing; the vibrationally cooled triplet state decays to pentacoordinated Ce(III) intermediate and NO3• radical with the characteristic time of ca. 40 ps. Quantum chemical (QM) calculations satisfactorily describe the UV–vis spectrum of the triplet state. An important feature of CAN photochemistry in CH3CN is the partial stabilization of the radical complex (RC) [(NH4)2CeIII(NO3)5...NO3•], which lifetime is ca. 2 μs. The possibility of the RC stabilization is supported by the QM calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results are presented from a computational study of optimizing the shape of the main elements of a radio-frequency ion thruster: its discharge chamber and the grids of its ion-extraction system. The possibility is considered of improving the fundamental characteristics of thrusters and ion sources by using an additional magnetostatic field in the region of the RF discharge. Calculations reveal the optimum geometry of the discharge chamber and the grids of the RIT ion-extraction system, and the configuration of the additional magnetic field at which the best values of the fundamental characteristics are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an analytic calculation of the one-loop correction to the double-real emission contribution to the zero-jettiness soft function at N3LO in QCD, accounting for both gluon-gluon and quark-antiquark soft final-state partons. We explain all the relevant steps of the computation including the reduction of phase-space integrals to master integrals in the presence of Heaviside functions, and the methods we employed to compute them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron oxide nanoparticles have been fabricated using the electric wire explosion (EWE) technique. The structure and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles have been analyzed before and after mechanical grinding in a ball mill for different time periods, focusing on potential bioapplications. The phase composition of the nanoparticles (70% Fe3O4, 30% Fe2O3) has remained unchanged despite the mechanical effects. The average nanoparticle size has not been affected either. The observation of the Verwey transition in the studied nanoparticles, along with the structural data, provides a better understanding of the physical properties of EWE ensembles of nanoparticles in different states. The analysis of the structure and magnetic properties reveals the development of a material with a high level of internal stress. This finding may be of interest for bioapplications due to its potential impact on the material performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital twins reflect the state of the environment and the activities of enterprises affected by the hydrometeorological conditions. It is proposed to use models to calculate indicators for assessing impacts of natural hazards or of climate change; of forecasts of these impacts; damage estimates; of calculating the cost of actions to protect enterprises; of assessing the feasibility of carrying out preventive actions in order to optimize them. Requirements for impact assessment models working with a digital twin are given. The difficulties in using such models are presented. Proposals for the development of impact models are being considered. A diagram of the use of digital twins in modeling impacts of environmental on enterprises is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The canonical profiles transport model (CPTM), whose coefficients were determined from the T‑10 tokamak database with a standard magnetic field BT = 2.3–2.5 T, has shown its robustness in ohmic regimes with a reduced magnetic field BT = 1.55–2.1 T. We used the CPTM for predictions of radial profiles and dependences of the electron and ion temperatures and the energy confinement time on the average plasma density for the T-15MD tokamak at the initial stage of its operation: the ohmic regime in a circular limiter configuration with BT = 1.0 – 2.0 T and plasma current Ip < 1 MA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic incentives have been introduced at PAO Koks to reduce environmental pollution. The best available technologies have been introduced. As a result, particulate emissions have been reduced by 1.56 kg per t of coke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Operating experience with coke batteries at PAO Koks is described. Measures are in place to maximize coke battery life. Features of extended battery operation are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]