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Ethylene response factors have been shown to be involved in the effects of plant developmental processes and to regulate stress tolerance. The aim of this study was to recognize the regulatory mechanisms of ethylene response factors on tobacco plant height. In this study, a gene-edited mutant (ERF10-KO) and wild type (WT) were utilized as experimental materials. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were used to investigate the regulatory mechanism of NtERF10 gene editing on plant height in tobacco. Here, through the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 2051 genes were upregulated and 1965 genes were downregulated. We characterized the different ERF10-KO and WT plant heights and identified key genes for photosynthesis, the plant hormone signal transduction pathway and the terpene biosynthesis pathway. NtERF10 was found to affect the growth and development of tobacco by regulating the expression levels of the PSAA, PSBA, GLY17 and GGP3 genes. Amino acid metabolism was analyzed by combining analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). In addition, we found that members of the bHLH, NAC, MYB, and WRKY transcription factor families have vital roles in regulating plant height. This study not only provides important insights into the positive regulation of the ethylene response factor NtERF10 on plant height during plant growth and development but also provides new research ideas for tobacco molecular breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new isochromenes, 5-methoxy-3-methyl-7-prenyl-1H-isochromene (1) and 7-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-isochromene (2), along with four known ones (3–6) were isolated from the fermentation products of the Nicotiana tabacum-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) and anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activities. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potential anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates of 36.5 and 42.2%, respectively, and also showed good anti-MRSA activities with IZD of 16.8 ± 2.2 and 20.6 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new indole alkaloids, 6-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-4-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole (1) and 6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)-4-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole (2), along with four known ones (3–6), were isolated from the fermentation products of the cigar tobacco-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus oryzae. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited good anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity with IZD of 22.4 ± 2.4 and 24.6 ± 2.2 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new anthraquinones, 2′,6-dimethyl-7-methoxy-[2,3-b]furan-anthraquinone (1) and 1,7-dimethoxy-2′,6-dimethyl-[2,3-b]furan-anthraquinone (2), were isolated from the fermentation products of the cigar tobacco-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated strong anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activities with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.4 ± 2.2 and 18.5 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 also showed good antioxidant activities, with IC50 values of 4.05 and 3.94 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new (1 and 2), together with two known (3 and 4), quinoline alkaloids were isolated from the stems of Nicotiana tabacum. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potential anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 28.2 and 25.8% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new chromeno[3,2-c]pyridine alkaloids, 9-acetyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-10H-chromeno[3,2-c]pyridin- 10-one (1) and 8-acetyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-10H-chromeno[3,2-c]pyridin-10-one (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Thalictrum scabrifolium. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their antibacterial activity. The results showed that both compounds showed high antibacterial activity against 12 microbial strains isolated from the saliva of smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new anthraquinones, 2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-5-methoxyanthraquinone (1) and 2,5-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-3-methoxyanthraquinone (2), were isolated from the twigs of Cassia alata. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their antibacterial activity. The results showed that both compounds exhibited high antibacterial activity against 11 microbial strains isolated from the saliva of smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new benzo[c]azepin-1-ones, 2,3-dihydro-8-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-methoxy-7-methylbenzo[c]azepin-1- one (1) and 2,3-dihydro-6-(hydroxymethyl)-8-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-methoxybenzo[c]azepin-1-one (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Thalictrum glandulosissimum. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their antibacterial activity. The results showed that both compounds had high antibacterial activity against 12 microbial strains isolated from the saliva of smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new isobenzofuranone derivatives (1 and 2) together with six known compounds (3–8) were isolated from the roots of Phlomis betonicoides, a highly sweet plant in China. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1–8 were tested for their anti-rotavirus activity. The results showed that compounds 1–8 exhibited potent anti-rotavirus activity with therapeutic index value 7.5–16.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight phenolic compounds (1–8), including two new compounds (1 and 2), were isolated from the twigs of Gardenia jasminoides. Their structures were determined by means of extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1–4 were tested for their antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results revealed that compounds 1–4 showed good inhibition with IZD of 12.2 ± 2.2, 13.8 ± 2.4, 15.2 ± 2.8, and 12.9 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new anthraquinones, 3-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-2,5-dimethylanthraquinone (1) and 6-hydroxymethyl-3-methoxy-2,5-dimethylanthraquinone (2), were isolated from the fermentation products of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 showed good inhibition with IZD of 14.2 ± 2.0 and 14.8 ± 2.2 mm, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were also tested for antioxidant activity; they show good activity with IC50 values of 4.18 and 4.36 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new (1 and 2) compounds, together with five known (3–7) chromone derivatives, were isolated from the whole plants of Cassia pumila. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1–7 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results revealed that compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 showed good inhibition with IZD of 13.4 ± 2.5, 12.2 ± 2.0, 14.6 ± 2.2, and 14.2 ± 2.6 mm, and compounds 3, 4, and 7 showed weak inhibition with IZD of 10.7 ± 2.2, 11.3 ± 2.0, and 10.8 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new naphthalene derivatives, 1-(3-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-6-methylnaphthalen-7-yl) propan-2-one (1) and 1-(3-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methylnaphthalen-7-yl)propan-2-one (2), together three known naphthalene derivatives (3–5) were isolated from the fermentation products of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis fukushii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 showed weak inhibition with IZD of 10.2 ± 1.8 and 11.3 ± 2.0 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new chromone derivatives (1 and 2), together with four known (3–6) ones, were isolated from the stems of a local sun cured tobacco (Fenghuang tobacco, widely cultivated in Shifang prefecture, Sichuan Province). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited high anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates of 35.8 and 28.6% at the concentration of 20 μM. These rates are close to that of the positive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new pentenyl coumarins (1 and 2), together with three known pentenyl coumarins (3–5), were isolated from the roots and stems of Nicotiana rustica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1–5 were tested for their anti-rotavirus activity. The results revealed that compounds 1–5 exhibited potent anti-rotavirus activity with therapeutic index (TI) value in the range of 11.1–15.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new isobenzofurans, 5-(methoxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-furo[3,4-h]chromen-7(9H)-one (1) and 5-(2-methoxyethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-furo[3,4-h]chromen-7(9H)-one (2), together with two known isobenzofurans (3 and 4), were isolated from the roots of Yunnan local sun cured tobacco. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1–4 were tested for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results revealed that compound 4 showed strong inhibition with IZD of 16.5 ± 2.2. Compounds 1–3 also showed good inhibition with IZD of 13.6 ± 2.0, 14.0 ± 2.3, and 11.8 ± 1.6 mm, respectively. Compounds 1–4 were also tested for their antioxidant activity, and they showed good antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 4.38, 4.57, 4.46, and 4.28 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new furan-2-carboxylic derivatives (1 and 2), together with three known compounds (3–5), were isolated from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-TMV activities. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 33.2 and 30.8%. These rates are close to that of positive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new coumarins, 6-hydroxymethyl-3-prenyl-7-methoxycoumarin (1) and 6-hydroxyethyl-3-prenyl-7- methoxycoumarin (2), together with three known coumarins (3–5), were isolated from the roots and stems of Yunyan-300, a variety of Nicotiana tabacum L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity and their antioxidant activity. The results revealed that compounds 1 and 2 showed good anti-MRSA inhibitions with IZD of 12.2 ± 1.8 and 11.8 ± 1.5 mm, respectively, and antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.65 and 4.85 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new tricyclic alkaloids (1 and 2), together with three known (3–5) alkaloids, were isolated from the whole plants of Thalictrum cultratum. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1–5 were tested for their anti-rotavirus activity. The results revealed that compounds 1–5 exhibited potent anti-rotavirus activity with therapeutic index (TI) values in the range 10.7–17.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new isoquinoline alkaloids, 3-hydroxy-1-(7-hydroxy-6-methylisoquinolin-1-yl)propan-1-one (1) and 3-hydroxy-1-(7-methoxy-6-methylisoquinolin-1-yl)propan-1-one (2) were isolated from the whole plants of Thalictrum glandulosissimum. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The two compounds showed weak anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 28.9 and 32.6%. These rates are close to that of positive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new (1 and 2) and two known arylbenzofuran lignans (3 and 4) were isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1–4 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results revealed that compound 3 showed good inhibition with IZD of 13.5 ± 1.5 mm), and compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed weak inhibition with IZD of 9.6 ± 1.0, 11.6 ± 1.2, and 10.8 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. Compounds 1–4 were also tested for the antioxidant activity, and they show good antioxidant activity with an IC50 values of 4.38, 4.22, 3.96, and 4.15 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new chromone derivatives, 5-(isobutyryl)-2-(2-oxopropyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (1) and 5-(isobutyryl)-2-(2-oxopropyl)-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (2), were isolated from Cassia nomame. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 showed potential anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates of 28.7% and 31.2%, at the concentration of 20 μM, respectively. These rates are close to that of positive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new flavones, 8,4′-dimethoxy-6-(2-oxopropyl)-flavone (1) and 8,4′-dimethoxy-6-(3-hydroxypropyl)- flavone (2), were isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited weak active with diameter of inhibition zone (IZD) 10.8 ± 1.0 and 9.3 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were also tested for antioxidant activity, and they show good antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 3.85 and 3.47 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new isoflavones, 4′,6-dimethoxy-8-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethylisoflavone (1) and 4′,8-dihydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxyisoflavone (2), together with three known isoflavones (3-5), were isolated from Pueraria lobata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activities. The results showed that compound 2 exhibited high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 32.6%. The other compounds also showed potential anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates in the range of 21.4-25.3%, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of compounds 1-5 against five human tumor cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7) was also tested. The results revealed that compounds 1-5 showed weak inhibitory activities against some human tumor cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 6.9-9.8 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]