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The Stop Now and Plan (SNAP) intervention program is designed specifically for children with serious conduct problems and their families. The program also focuses on improving parents' self-efficacy (PSE). The purpose of this study was to examine how the program impacts children's behavior problems and PSE, and to explore the bidirectional longitudinal associations between children's antisocial behaviors and their parents' self-efficacy. Our study included 62 boys and 18 girls with mean age of 8.2 years old (SD = 1.8, range from 6 to 12 years) and their parents or caregivers. For each family, one parent or caregiver was asked to complete the psychometrics assessments even if both parents participated in the SNAP program. The following assessment tools were used in the pre- and post-tests: The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher Report Form (TRF), Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Tool to Measure Parent Self-Efficacy (TOPSE). Latent growth curve analyses indicated that SNAP effectively decreased antisocial behaviors (parents-reported effect sizes ranged from 0.39 to 0.66) and increased prosocial behaviors (effect size of 0.31) for participating children; parental self-efficacy also increased (effect sizes ranged from 0.14 to 0.56). Further, parallel process latent growth curve analysis indicated negative relationships between the PSE and behavior problems. Parents whose children had higher levels of behavior problems at admission were more likely to show greater improvements in PSE through the program. Our results further support SNAP's focus on improving PSE as a mechanism to reduce behavior problems. Highlights: This was a study of 80 children and their parents who participated in SNAP programing to promote effective social and parenting skills and to prevent risk for antisocial behavior problems. After participating in SNAP, children's behavior problems decreased and parents' self-efficacy improved. Parents' improvements in parental self-efficacy through the program were positively associated with their children's initial levels of behavior problems. Findings provide direction for future research that focuses on changes in parenting practices as a potential mechanism of change for children's outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Prenatal care is a vital and important part of a healthy pregnancy, providing many maternal and health benefits. Despite Canada's publically funded health care system with universal access, inadequate rates of prenatal care continue to be observed. As a modifiable risk factor, the process variables that influence satisfaction with prenatal care in Canadian settings have received little attention. The objective of this study was to identify the predictors of satisfaction with prenatal care. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was used to examine the relationships between expectations, interpersonal processes of care, the quality of prenatal care, personal characteristics, and the type of provider with overall satisfaction, and with four dimensions of satisfaction. A convenience sample of 216 pregnant women was surveyed using self-administered questionnaires with women in their third trimester. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of satisfaction. Results: The quality of prenatal care and provider interpersonal style together explained 80% of the variance in overall satisfaction. Patient-centered decision-making was a significant predictor of satisfaction with information, while having a midwife was a predictor of satisfaction with system characteristics. Expectations were not related to satisfaction. Conclusions for Practice: Improving quality of care, provider interpersonal style and patient-centered decision making, and improving the structural characteristics of prenatal care may be effective in improving women's satisfaction and utilization of prenatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multinational study to understand well-being from children's perspectives in the Children's Worlds International Survey of Children's Well-being (ISCWeB) recently undertook qualitative analytical research to explore children's conceptualization of well-being in Children's Understanding of Well-being (CUWB). This has challenged researchers to utilize methods that are meaningful and engaging, child-centred and balance children's rights to participation and protection, and are practical and time-expedient. The paper describes the findings from a qualitative investigation of a task-oriented research tool, the Vidaview Life Story Board (LSB), used to explore school-age children's understanding of well-being. Twenty-one children between 8 and 12 years of age from the Canadian pilot of the CUWB were interviewed using the LSB. The children and the interviewer were asked to assess their experience with the LSB. Results suggested that children found the LSB to be engaging and helpful to facilitate their articulation of subjective well-being. The main themes that emerged were: autonomy and inclusiveness; validation of children's experiences and agency; and child-centred approach. The findings suggest that the LSB seems to be a promising participatory, child-centred, rights-based qualitative research tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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