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Wind farms are integrated with the power grid system to provide active and reactive power. Because in a wind farm, wind turbines (WTs) are highly coupled to their operating conditions, a central wind farm supervisory unit must take into account these conditions when producing power control references for each WT. The aim of this paper is to manage and control the active and reactive power of wind farms based on squirrel cage induction generators and back-to-back converters. The proportional distribution algorithm is used for distributing wind farm power to individual WTs. In addition, we consider the development of a local power management and control units for WTs. This is in order to extract the maximum available power from the wind, and to provide the active and reactive power predetermined by the transmission system operator, or to satisfy the grid code requirements considering Low Voltage Ride-through capability. The power dispatch strategy is to be used on all WTs using the distribution algorithm while ensuring the control loops using the proposed Active Disturbance Rejection Control strategy. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategies are efficient and can guarantee the safe integration of wind farms into the grid while respecting grid code requirements and power system stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) has experienced a rapid development in the world, which leads to an increasing insertion of this source of energy in the electrical grids. The sudden and temporary drop of voltage at the network can affect the operation of the DFIG; the voltage dips produce high peak currents on the stator and rotor circuits, without protection, the rotor side converter (RSC) will suffer also from over-current limit, consequently, the RSC may even be destroyed and the generator be damaged. In this paper a new Direct Power Control (DPC) method was developed, in order to control the stator powers and help the operation of the aero-generator during the faults grid; by injecting the reactive power into the network to contribute to the return of voltage, and set the active power to the optimum value to suppress the high peak currents. The DPC method was designed using the nonlinear Backstepping (BS) controller associated with the Lyapunov function to ensure the stability and robustness of the system. A comparison study was undertaken to verify the robustness and effectiveness of the DPC-BS to that of the classical vector control (VC) using Proportional-Integral (PI) correctors. All were simulated under the Simulink® software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large integration of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines (WTs) into power networks can have significant consequences for power system operation and the quality of the energy supplied due to their excessive sensitivity towards grid disturbances. Under voltage dips, the resulting overcurrent and overvoltage in the rotor circuit and the DC link of a DFIG, could lead to the activation of the protection system and WT disconnection. This potentially results in sudden loss of several tens/hundreds of MWs of energy, and consequently intensifying the severity of the fault. This paper aims to combine the use of a crowbar protection circuit and a robust backstepping control strategy that takes into consideration of the dynamics of the magnetic flux, to improve DFIG's Low-Voltage Ride Through capability and fulfill the latest grid code requirements. While the power electronic interfaces are protected, the WTs also provide large reactive power during the fault to assist system voltage recovery. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in terms of dynamic response and robustness against parametric variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]