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In the paper (Han et al. in IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 23:2358–2370, 2015), we proposed the bipolar-valued rough fuzzy set in one universe, which is an inevitable improvement by introducing inconsistentbipolarity to rough set. However, the bipolar-valued rough fuzzy set in one universe still has the limitations to complex practical problems. This motives us to propose the generalized concept of bipolar-valued fuzzy rough set in two universes, in which, inconsistentbipolarity is introduced into the crisp approximation space for the first time, and furthermore, two universes are considered to reflect the interrelations among different sources' inconsistentbipolarity information. Comparing with other existing fuzzy rough set models, in syntax, the new one generalizes the existing ones. And most importantly, in semantics, the new one firstly considering the inconsistentbipolarity information, which is important in practice. Based on the new concept, two methods to the decision-making problems with inconsistent fuzzy bipolarity information are proposed, together with their applications. The comparison study with other existing rough set related methods highlights the necessity of our study, which provides a new inconsistent fuzzy bipolarity perspective to rough set theory and related applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

So far, the synthesis of high-activity and low-cost photocatalysts remains a huge challenge. 3D flower-like MoS2/g-C3N4 hybrids were synthesized by a very simple method. All of them were characterized by various characterizations to determine the composition, morphology, and properties of the compounds. There are many sites with large specific surface area catalytic activity in this structure. These composites are all photocatalytic degradable organic dyes, and the photocatalytic properties of the flower-like 4% MoS2/g-C3N4 are the best. The stability and recyclability of the 4% MoS2/g-C3N4 photocatalyst are also excellent. The 4% MoS2/g-C3N4 can also have photocatalytic ability to produce hydrogen. 50 mg of 4% MoS2/g-C3N4 photocatalyst can produce about 156 umol of hydrogen with visible light irradiation for about 4 h. Rate of hydrogen production is about 780 µmol h − 1 g − 1. In view of the good photocatalytic performance of the catalyst, we have discussed the mechanism both photocatalytic degradation of organic harmful pollutants and photocatalytic hydrogen production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The learning and forgetting ability, as the inherent characteristics of the employees, have a great impact on the software development process. By using the idea of WLC learning and VRVF forgetting models, an novel learning and forgetting model is constructed for software project scheduling problem to measure the dynamic skill levels. Taking the cost and duration as the optimization objectives, corresponding software project scheduling model considering the learning and forgetting effect is formed. The improved multi-objective firework algorithm with a novel encoding scheme is present. The crossover-explosion operator is introduced to enhance the information exchange between the better sparks or fireworks. A novel reservation strategy with two archives is proposed to avoid the ineffective search around the local optimum. Experimental results indicate that the learning ability plays a positive role on the optimal scheduling schemes and the forgetting effect is the opposite. The duration and cost of the project are inversely proportional to the learning coefficient and directly proportional to forgetting coefficient. By comparing the scheduling schemes from NSGA-II and original FA, the proposed method shows the better scheduling performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clostridium beijerinckii is identified as a promising Clostridium strain for industrialization of acetone and butanol (AB) fermentation. It has been reported that high reducing power levels are associated with high butanol yield. In this study, we regulated reducing power by blocking NAD(P)H consumption in C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. Gene Cbei_4110, encoding NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (nuoG), is a subunit of the electron transport chain complex I. After inactivation of gene Cbei_4110, the generated mutant strain exhibited a remarkable increase in glucose utilization ratio and enhanced butanol production to 9.5 g/L in P2 medium containing 30 g/L of glucose. NAD(P)H and ATP levels were also increased by one to two times and three to five times, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative transcriptome analysis was carried out in order to determine the mechanism involved in the enhanced activity of the Cbei_4110-inactivated mutant strain. This strategy may be extended for making industrial bio-butanol more economically attractive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]