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In summary, our study documents contemporary patterns in HPV-associated cancer incidence among young men and highlights growing racial disparities that could be potentially minimized by improving HPV vaccination coverage. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal and anal cancer incidence has increased markedly among men over the last several decades in the United States (US).[1] Recent studies reported decreased cervical cancer incidence among young women, attributable to HPV vaccination.[2] However, contemporary patterns in cancer incidence among young men during the HPV vaccination era remain unclear. Abbreviations HPV Human papillomavirus RR Rate ratio APC Age-period-cohort IRR Incidence rate ratio SEER Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The teach-back method, also known as the "show-me" method, has been endorsed by many medical and health care societies. However, limited investigation has been conducted regarding its association with patient outcomes.Objectives: To examine the association between patient teach-back experience and the risk of hospitalizations and length of hospital stay among patients with ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs).Design: A matched cohort study.Setting: Data from the 2011-2015 Longitudinal Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (panels 16-19).Participants: Three thousand nine hundred ninety-four US adults aged ≥ 18 years with any of 5 ACSCs (hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]).Measurements: Hospital admissions (all-cause or ACSC-related) and the length of stay of the first admission were examined by teach-back during interaction with a health provider.Results: Patients with teach-back experience were less likely to experience hospitalization for an ACSC-related condition (relative risk, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.99) and had a lower risk for a condition-related readmission (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.99), compared with those without teach-back experience. The median length of hospital stay did not differ between patients with teach-back experience and those without teach-back experience (median 3 days [IQR 1 to 8 days] and median 3 days [IQR 0 to 8 days], respectively; P = 0.84). Subgroup analysis showed that the association of reported teach-back experience on the outcomes was relatively stable among those with hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, but was not among those with asthma or COPD.Limitation: Teach-back exposure relied on patient self-reported information.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patient teach-back method is associated with reduced risk of hospitalization for those with ACSCs, especially among patients with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Encouraging providers to utilize the teach-back method at every visit has the potential to further reduce hospitalizations for individuals with ACSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To describe treatment patterns in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in a large, nationally representative managed-care database.Methods: Newly diagnosed RA patients were identified from 07/01/2006-08/31/2014. Patients had ≥ 1 RA diagnosis by a rheumatologist, or ≥ 2 non-rheumatologist RA diagnoses ≥ 30 days apart, or RA diagnosis followed by a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) prescription fill within 1 year. Patients were ≥ 18 years old at index (earliest date fulfilling diagnostic criteria) and had ≥ 6 and 12 months of pre- and post-index health plan enrollment, respectively. Patterns of DMARD treatment, including conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARD), tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), non-TNFi, and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), were captured during follow-up.Results: Of the 63,101 RA patients identified, 73% were female; mean age was 57 years. During an average of 3.5 ± 2.1 years of follow-up, 45% of patients never received a DMARD, 52% received a csDMARD (94 ± 298 mean ± SD days from index), 16% a TNFi (315 ± 448 days), 4% a non-TNFi (757 ± 660 days), and < 1% a JAKi. Among DMARD recipients, the most common treatment patterns were: receiving csDMARDs only (68%), adding a TNFi as second-line therapy after initiation of a csDMARD (12%), and receiving only a TNFi (6%) during follow-up. Among those not on DMARDs, the all-cause usage of an opioid was 56% and 19% had chronic opioid use (≥ 180 days supplied).Conclusions: Despite American College of Rheumatology recommendations for DMARD treatment of RA, nearly half of newly diagnosed RA patients received no DMARD therapy during follow-up. These data identify a treatment gap in RA management.Funding: Eli Lilly & Company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which examines the association between folic acid (FA) supplementation and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Topics include demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of RA patients, odds ratio for CVDs in RA patients, and daily consumption of FA supplements.