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With the rapid development of information and communication technology, the communication networks have been more efficient and more energy-intensive. In order to decrease the energy consumption, we propose a distributed switch-off method, based on the user equipments (UEs) locations and minimax algorithm, for the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access-based cellular networks. For the sake of obtaining a nearly optimal result, the minimax algorithm adopted the full search manner and brought higher complexity meanwhile. In the proposed method, the complexity of the minimax algorithm is decreased by narrowing the search range according to the locations of UEs. Furthermore, in order to improve energy efficiency (EE), the numbers of UEs within cells and the load factor (LF) of base stations (BSs) are jointly considered as the measure factors to switch off the appropriate BSs. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can decrease the complexity with a little sacrifice of EE performance, and the joint consideration of the UEs number and LF can improve the EE effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the two contending theories of racial issues or ethnic politics, namely, the 'contact' and 'group threat' theories, in an attempt to learn how increased exposure to and contact with China affect Taiwanese people's perceptions of China. More explicitly, faced with China's rising power and changes in cross-Strait relations, the attitudes and sentiments of the general public in Taiwan could either become friendlier or more hostile to China. This study employs a randomized telephone survey, and statistical analysis of the data has allowed us to identify a clear trend of increased exposure leading to more positive opinions of China, confirming the contact theory. Furthermore, these positive impressions have encouraged the very same people to display a willingness to continue interactions with China. This phenomenon understates the unchanging reality that close economic ties between the two sides have overcome, at least to some degree, the sense of hostility across the Taiwan Strait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]