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Herein, we developed an ultra-fast and visual single-tube nucleic acid detection approach, which combined the advantages of self-settling characteristics of chitosan-functionalized diatomaceous earth (CDE) and accelerated PCR (AC-PCR). DNA was rapidly extracted by CDE within 3 min for the next nucleic acid amplification based on the nucleic acid attached on the chitosan in pH = 5.0. Under the action of gravity, the DNA-enriched CDE self-sediments to the bottom of the tube could be directly used for AC-PCR to achieve single-tube extraction and amplification. Our method detected Salmonella culture fluids with a detection limit of 1 CFU/mL, which was 100-fold more sensitive than conventional method that have not undergone nucleic acid enrichment. Furthermore, it also displayed high specificity and sensitivity for a variety of spiked samples. The entire process could be completed within 17 min in a single tube, and in particular, the result was visualized by the naked eyes. Overall, it is an all-in-one detection strategy without the requirement of redundant procedure, which greatly improved the detection efficiency, and saved the time and the cost. With these advantages, the approach will supply a promising tool in the field of point-of-care testing for Salmonella and other foodborne pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the associations between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and risk of the gastric, small bowel and colorectal cancer. Methods: We searched the PubMed and Web of Science for observational studies published before June 2020, and the quality of each included study was evaluated according to the Newcastle–Ottawa–Scale. Results: Twenty-six studies comprising 531 449 IBD patients and more than 65 million reference individuals were included. Although IBD was significantly associated with 67% increased risk of the total gastric, small bowel and colorectal cancer. After stratifying by cancer location, IBD mainly increased the risk of intestinal cancer instead of gastric cancer. Furthermore, Crohn's disease (CD) significantly increased the risk of both small bowel cancer and colorectal cancer, while ulcerative colitis (UC) only increased the risk of colorectal cancer. In subgroup analysis, associations between IBD and risk of total gastric, small bowel and colorectal cancer were similar between male and female, except for that male IBD patients but not female had a significantly higher risk of small bowel cancer. Additionally, IBD patients in different geographical areas had different associations with risk of various gastrointestinal tract cancers. Conclusions: IBD is mainly associated with increased risk of cancers in the lower gastrointestinal tract, including small bowel cancer and colorectal cancer. Because studies about the association between IBD and risk of gastric cancer and the populations in Asia are limited, more observational studies are required in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Observational studies have reported an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and colorectal cancer risk with inconsistent risk estimates. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with MetS. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for related studies from database inception to 21 January 2021. Risk estimates for colorectal cancer were extracted from individual articles and pooled using a fixed-effect or random-effect model according to the heterogeneity. Results: MetS was significantly associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer in both sexes (relative risk [RR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–1.47, P < 0.001), men (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.21–1.47, P < 0.001), and women (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.19–1.52, P < 0.001). The risk of colorectal cancer seemed to increase as the number of MetS components rose. Moreover, the high body mass index (BMI)/waist circumference (WC) and hyperglycemia were all significantly associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (RR 1.28 [1.20–1.37] and 1.31 [1.14–1.50] in both sexes, RR 1.31 [1.19–1.45] and 1.23 [1.03–1.46] in men, and RR 1.22 [1.02–1.46] and 1.63 [1.16–2.28] in women, respectively). Conclusions: MetS was significantly associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer. The high BMI/WC or hyperglycemia might largely account for this association. Further analysis suggested that, as the number of MetS components increased, the risk of colorectal cancer rose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]