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Under the backdrop of economic globalization and the digital economy, entrepreneurial behavior has emerged not only as a focal point of management research but also as an urgent topic within the domain of family finance. This paper scrutinizes the ramifications of financial literacy on household entrepreneurial behavior utilizing data from China's sample of the China Household Finance Survey spanning the years 2015 and 2017. Employing the ordered Probit model, we pursue our research objectives. Our findings suggest that financial literacy exerts immediate, persistent, and evolving positive effects on households' engagement in entrepreneurial activities and their proclivity toward entrepreneurship. Through the mitigation of endogeneity in the regression model, the outcomes of the two-stage regression corroborate the primary regression results. An examination of heterogeneity unveils noteworthy disparities between urban and rural areas, as well as gender discrepancies, in how financial literacy influences household entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, this study validates three potential pathways—namely income, social network, and risk attitude channels—demonstrating that financial literacy significantly augments household income, expands social networks, and enhances risk attitudes. Moreover, through supplementary analysis, we ascertain that financial education amplifies the impact of financial literacy on entrepreneurial behavior. Our study contributes to the enrichment of human capital theory and modern entrepreneurship theory. It advocates for robust efforts by governments and financial institutions to widely disseminate financial knowledge and foster family entrepreneurship, thereby fostering the robust and stable operation of both the global financial market and the job market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the influencing factors of environmental efficiency of strategic emerging industries (SEIs) and cooperative game mechanism design amongst diversified actors by using China's provincial panel data from 2004 to 2019. Firstly, we find that the following factors improve the environmental efficiency of SEIs: rationalisation of the industrial structure, proportion of the tertiary industry, government's ability to intervene in the economy and fairness and integrity of environmental law enforcement. Conversely, factors, such as intensity of ecological construction and environmental regulation, hamper the environmental efficiency of SEIs. Secondly, evolutionary game analysis indicates that the behavioural strategies of game decision-making subjects depend on the behavioural decisions of the relative actors, social supervision and government regulation, which work together in influencing the environmental efficiency of SEIs. {innovation, supervision} is the optimal equilibrium state of the game. Thirdly, simulation results show that in the absence of government regulation, foreign direct investment (FDI) slows down the speed of firms tending to the equilibrium state of green innovation. The potential gain and loss of social supervision on corporate behaviour is an important factor affecting government behaviour decision making. Governments prefer punishment tools in environmental regulation, therefore influencing noninnovative firms in SEIs. We contribute to prior works by unifying various policy tools into the same econometric model framework based on an evolutionary game model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) bear a significant policy burden in promoting economic development and enjoy preferential government resources such as tax breaks. This study investigates the effect of the policy burden of China's SOEs on tax incentive resources and allocation efficiency using ordinary least squares regressions for state-owned listed companies from 2007 to 2021. This study found that the heavier the policy burden borne by the SOEs, the more tax incentives they receive. Moreover, SOEs become more likely to invest inefficiently after receiving tax incentives. These negative effects are more significant for local SOEs, those in poor business environments, and those with low information transparency. This study not only expands the research framework of the resource allocation efficiency of tax incentives but also provides direct empirical evidence to reduce the policy burden of SOEs. Therefore, our findings can be used to promote SOE reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum parasites resistant to front-line antimalarial artemisinin-combination therapies (ACT) threatens to erase the considerable gains against the disease of the last decade. Here, we develop a large-scale phenotypic screening pipeline and use it to carry out a large-scale forward-genetic phenotype screen in P. falciparum to identify genes allowing parasites to survive febrile temperatures. Screening identifies more than 200 P. falciparum mutants with differential responses to increased temperature. These mutants are more likely to be sensitive to artemisinin derivatives as well as to heightened oxidative stress. Major processes critical for P. falciparum tolerance to febrile temperatures and artemisinin include highly essential, conserved pathways associated with protein-folding, heat shock and proteasome-mediated degradation, and unexpectedly, isoprenoid biosynthesis, which originated from the ancestral genome of the parasite's algal endosymbiont-derived plastid, the apicoplast. Apicoplast-targeted genes in general are upregulated in response to heat shock, as are other Plasmodium genes with orthologs in plant and algal genomes. Plasmodium falciparum parasites appear to exploit their innate febrile-response mechanisms to mediate resistance to artemisinin. Both responses depend on endosymbiont-derived genes in the parasite's genome, suggesting a link to the evolutionary origins of Plasmodium parasites in free-living ancestors. Repeating fever is a hallmark of malaria. Here, a large-scale forward genetic screen in malaria-causing Plasmodium falciparum identifies genes associated with parasite tolerance to host fever, including apicoplast targeted isoprenoid biosynthesis—sharing features with artemisinin resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental friendliness and energy conservation are good guarantees and driving forces for the sustainable development. How to coordinate the relationship between the two is crucial for building a "resource saving" and "environmentally friendly" society. This article uses the data from Chinese cities from 2010 to 2021 to explore whether environmental protection tax (EPT) could reduce energy consumption. Baseline regression found that EPT significantly reduced China's energy consumption and achieved a "resource saving" society. The EPT shows obvious heterogeneity characteristics, significantly reducing energy consumption in the central and western regions and the two-controlled areas, while the policy effect on the eastern region and non two-controlled areas is not significant. In addition, EPT has effectively reduced China's energy consumption by enhancing investment in urban research and development innovation, optimizing industrial structure, and strengthening tax collection intensity. The conclusion is helpful in achieving the construction of an "environmentally friendly" society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a crucial element of management practices for green supply chains (GSC), cities’ GSC pilot policies have played a vital role in mitigating environmental risks, enhancing resource utilization efficiency, and fostering sustainable urban development. Using data from A-share listed companies between 2016 and 2020, this study employs a quasi-natural experiment to the implementation of a city’s GSC pilot policy to empirically investigate its influence on corporate green innovation. The findings indicate that (1) the city’s GSC pilots significantly enhance enterprises' performance in terms of green innovation; (2) the positive impact of the city GSC pilots on corporate green innovation stems from heightened regulatory pressure within urban areas and increased supply chain standards; (3) this positive impact is more significant in cities with environmental laws and companies with green investors; and (4) green innovation triggered by city GSC pilots can significantly improve environmental, social, governance (ESG), and economic performance. This study offers empirical evidence for enhancing enterprises' green innovation performance, while providing theoretical support and policy insights for strengthening government-led city GSC pilot systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]