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The chemical and process mineralogical characteristics of carbon-bearing lead–zinc ore in Sanguikou, Inner Mongolia, China, were investigated. The study aimed to identify the mineral characterizations and distribution of lead, zinc, and carbon. X-ray fluorescence and chemical analysis showed lead, zinc, and carbon grades of 0.58%, 2.44%, and 5.33%, respectively. X-ray diffraction, polarizing microscopy, and mineral liberation analysis revealed lead and zinc mainly occur as galena and marmatite, with carbon as graphite. The particle sizes are small and symbiotic relationships complex. Additionally, the characteristic features of carbon-bearing lead–zinc ore were summarized, and the current plant flowsheet and outcomes were assessed. The improved flowsheet includes X-ray sorting before grinding and a flotation column in zinc flotation to treat the regrinding middling separately. This approach achieved a Pb grade of 65.34% with a recovery of 70.64% and a Zn grade of 45.61% with a recovery of 89.98%. The Sanguikou plant processes 5000 t/day, producing 23.58 t of lead concentrate and 105.41 t of zinc concentrate daily. The new flowsheet enhances the grade and recovery of lead and zinc concentrates. The proposed flowsheet is a promising comprehensive recovery method and cleaner production process for this unique lead–zinc resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant health burden in China, where the large population and vast geography limit access to care. Telehealth (tHealth) services provide a virtual model of care that can enhance CVD management. This study aims to describe the trajectory of tHealth services for cardiovascular care between 2016 and 2020 in China, assess their utilization, and discuss their implications for improving access to care in resource-scarce regions. Data were collected on patient-facing, operational tHealth apps in Mainland China. In 2016, 45.8% of tertiary hospitals were accessible via tHealth apps, with a 10.7% annual growth rate. Wealthier regions had better tHealth coverage, irrespective of CVD burden. In 2016 and 2020, 34% and 67% of patients, respectively, consulted doctors located outside of their provinces, primarily in wealthier areas. The most common CVDs managed were hypertension, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmia. These findings suggest that tHealth services improve care access, especially in underdeveloped regions, but widespread technology adoption remains crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Theory of Usage and Gratification of social network and The Dual-systems Model of Self-control, 1236 adolescents were selected as subjects, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale, Dual-System Scale of Self-Control, Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 and Perceived Stress Scale were tested twice at one-year intervals to explore the relationship between mobile phone addiction and adolescents' perceived stress and its mechanism of action. The results found that: (1) Mobile phone addiction can positively predict adolescents' perceived stress. (2) Impulse system and control system play a mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and adolescents' perceived stress; Adolescent mobile phone addiction enhances perceived stress by increasing the impulse system and decreasing the control system. (3) The predictive effect of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress was moderated by physical exercise, and the positive predictive effect of mobile phone addiction on adolescents' perceived stress was only present at low levels of physical exercise. The findings highlight control systems and physical activity as protective factors against the influence of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress in adolescents and have practical implications for stress intervention in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex geological conditions and operational performance of reconditioning modified earth pressure balance shield (M-EPBS) machines can critically influence tunnel excavation and construction safety. To address this, the study proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the overall construction performance of reconditioned shield machines in compound strata. This framework employs fuzzy mathematics theory and analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) to construct a three-level multi-factor evaluation matrix and establish comprehensive membership function relationships. We then quantify the weight of each factor and the interval membership function, followed by a relative superiority analysis of the interval matrix. A shield tunneling case study is utilized to evaluate the model, focusing on layer conditions, shield design parameters, and shield construction parameters. The study also addresses the challenges encountered during the tunneling process and the corresponding countermeasures. The results reveal that the proposed framework is effective, user-friendly, and adaptable for selecting and evaluating M-EPBS machines in compound strata. This framework provides a novel approach for feasibility assessments, safe operation management, pre-shield design evaluations, and post-shield construction verifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible piezoelectric functional composite materials have the advantages of strong plasticity and good surface adhesion, and show great potential in smart wearable devices, electronic skin and other applications. However, due to the complexity of traditional preparation process, high molding cost and poor air permeability, its further development is limited. Direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing technology is a rapid prototyping technology, with higher flexibility, faster manufacturing speed and lower manufacturing costs, is widely used in metal, ceramic and composite material molding. In this work, a ink system with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as binder and barium titanate (BTO) ceramic powder as piezoelectric filler was developed, the printing work of flexible porous BTO/PDMS composite material was completed. DIW dual-nozzle printing technology was applied to realise "electrode-piezoelectric-electrode" integrated flexible porous functional gradient structure composites in this study. The results show that the BTO/PDMS ink has the characteristics of shear thinning. When the nozzle diameter is 0.5 mm, the printing speed is 650 mm/min, and the BTO mass fraction is 80%, the flexible porous piezoelectric composite with high precision and complex structure is printed. By phase analysis of BTO/PDMS, it is found that the sample has the characteristic peak of BTO. The microstructure analysis shows that the surface of the sample has good structural fidelity and there are a few island-like pores in the interior. The mechanical test shows that the maximum tensile strength of the sample is 1.33 MPa, the elastic modulus is 1.72 MPa, the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient d33 is 4.37 Pc/N, and the open circuit voltage VOC is 3.17 V. This work demonstrates an attractive method of moulding flexible piezoelectric materials with an "electrode-piezoelectric-electrode" structure, which provides a reference to current 3D printing flexible material fabrication techniques due to its simplicity of operation, time and manufacturing cost savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of pilot training is to equip trainees with the knowledge, judgment, and skills to maintain control of an aircraft and respond to critical flight tasks. The present research aims to investigate changes in trainees' cognitive control levels during a pilot training process while they underwent basic flight maneuvers. EEG microstate analysis was applied together with spectral power features to quantitatively monitor trainees' cognitive control under varied flight tasks during different training sessions on a flight simulator. Not only could EEG data provide an objective measure of cognitive control to complement the current subjective assessments, but the application of EEG microstate analysis is particularly well-suited for capturing rapid dynamic changes in cognitive states that may happen under complex human activities in conducting flight maneuvers. Comparisons were conducted between two types of tasks and across different training stages to monitor how pilot trainees' cognitive control responds to varied flight task types and training stages. The present research provides insights into the changes in trainees' cognitive control during a pilot training process and highlights the potential of EEG microstate analysis for monitoring cognitive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality in the world. This study aimed to find receptor-related genes (NRGs) with diagnostic and prognostic value in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Human Protein Atlas database databases were applied to find differential expression NRGs between COAD and normal colonic tissues. Subsequently, Cox regression analysis and minimum absolute contraction and selection operator algorithm were used to construct a prognosis nomogram based on TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Expression levels of 35 NRGs were significant differences in COAD and normal colonic tissues. ROC curves showed that 24 NRGs had high diagnostic accuracy (AUC > 0.850) in COAD. Risk score was constructed based on 10 NRGs for the first time. Cox regression analysis revealed risk score was an independent risk factor and a higher risk score predicts a later TNM stage. Finally, a prognostic nomogram containing risk score and clinical features was established. Calibration curves and C-index suggested the powerful predictable value of the model. This study identified the NRGs with diagnostic value and prognostic value, providing a direction for treatment of COAD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symbiotic radio (SR) is one of the attractive communication technologies to facilitate large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) connections with enhanced energy and spectrum efficiency, where passive backscatter devices (BDs) modulate their information over the radio frequency (RF) signals emitted by the active primary transmitters (PTs). Meanwhile, the primary transmission can be strengthened with the additional multipaths created by BDs. To capitalize to a greater extent on the mutualism relationship between the two types of communication, this paper studies multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) SR communication systems including multiple PTs and massive BDs. We derive the achievable rate expressions of each PT and BD, as well as the sum rate expressions of primary and secondary communication, respectively. Then asymptotic analysis is given to derive the active and passive communication rates with a large number of BDs. Furthermore, for the general case with a finite number of BDs, we study the precoding optimization problem to maximize the sum rate of primary communication, while ensuring that the sum rate of secondary communication and the individual rate for each PT and BD in the prescribed active and passive user sets satisfy the specified thresholds. Simulation results are presented to verify the analytical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the prognostic utility of Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) expression in Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) inpatients with Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT). A prospective cohort of 74 bladder cancer patients and 22 non-cancer controls were enrolled. The expression of ADNP mRNA was detected by immunomagnetic beads-droplet digital PCR. The ADNP mRNA expression was evaluated in patients with high-risk NMIBC and those with indeterminate invasion depth post 2nd TURBT. Primary cultured bladder cancer cells and PBMCs from healthy donors were immunofluorescence stained. Our findings suggest that baseline ADNP mRNA level in CTCs shows potential as a prognostic marker for NMIBC with a sensitivity of 83.33% and a specificity of 73.58%. In comparison to baseline, ADNP mRNA expression increased post 2nd TURBT in 5 patients, where 2 experienced recurrence. Meanwhile, among the 12 patients with decreased levels, only one patient relapsed. A considerable limitation of this study entails the small sample size. The Immuno-magnetic beads-ddPCR technique provided a viable method for ADNP mRNA detection in CTCs from bladder cancer patients. The preoperative ADNP mRNA level in CTCs was identified as a prognostic indicator for NMIBC. Longitudinal monitoring of ADNP mRNA in CTCs of bladder cancer patients shows promise in evaluating treatment responses and predicting prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Ovulatory dysfunction is recognized as a primary infertile factor, however, even when ovulation is medically induced and restored, PCOS patients continue to experience reduced cumulative pregnancy rates and a higher spontaneous miscarriage rate. Hyperandrogenism, a hallmark feature of PCOS, affects ovarian folliculogenesis, endometrial receptivity, and the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Decidualization denotes the transformation that the stromal compart of the endometrium must undergo to accommodate pregnancy, driven by the rising progesterone levels and local cAMP production. However, studies on the impact of hyperandrogenism on decidualization are limited. In this study, we observed that primary endometrial stromal cells from women with PCOS exhibit abnormal responses to progesterone during in vitro decidualization. A high concentration of testosterone inhibits human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) decidualization. RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression was significantly lower in the endometrium of PCOS patients with hyperandrogenism compared to those without hyperandrogenism. We also characterized that the expression of PDK4 is elevated in the endometrium stroma at the mid-secretory phase. Artificial decidualization could enhance PDK4 expression, while downregulation of PDK4 leads to abnormal decidualization both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, testosterone excess inhibits IGFBP1 and PRL expression, followed by phosphorylating of AMPK that stimulates PDK4 expression. Based on co-immunoprecipitation analysis, we observed an interaction between SIRT1 and PDK4, promoting glycolysis to facilitate decidualization. Restrain of AR activation resumes the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 pathway suppressed by testosterone excess, indicating that testosterone primarily acts on decidualization through AR stimulation. Androgen excess in the endometrium inhibits decidualization by disrupting the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 signaling pathway. These data demonstrate the critical roles of endometrial PDK4 in regulating decidualization and provide valuable information for understanding the underlying mechanism during decidualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The impact of hepatic resection type on long-term oncological prognosis of patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been systematically investigated. We sought to determine risk factors, recurrence patterns, and survival outcomes after anatomical resection (AR) versus non-anatomical resection (NAR) for early-stage HCC. Methods: From a prospectively collected multicenter database, consecutive patients undergoing curative hepatectomy for early-stage HCC were identified. Recurrence patterns, overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and risk factors were investigated in patients undergoing AR versus NAR using propensity score matching (PSM), subgroup analysis, and COX regression analysis. Results: A total of 3585 patients with early-stage HCC were enrolled, including 1287 and 2298 in the AR and NAR groups, respectively. After PSM, the OS and RFS of patients in the AR group were 58.8% and 42.7%, which were higher than those in the NAR group (52.2% and 30.6%, both p < 0.01). The benefits of AR were consistent across most subgroup analyses of OS and RFS. Multivariable COX regression analysis showed that AR was independently associated with better OS and RFS. Notably, although recurrence patterns were comparable, the risk factors for recurrence were not identical for AR versus NAR. Microvascular invasion and narrow resection margin were only associated with a higher recurrence rate after NAR. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that AR decreases the risk of tumor recurrence and improves OS and RFS in patients with early-stage HCC. AR should be adopted as long as such a surgical maneuver is feasible for initial treatment of early-stage HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hepatic pedicle clamping (HPC) is frequently utilized during hepatectomy to reduce intraoperative bleeding and diminish the need for intraoperative blood transfusion (IBT). The long-term prognostic implications of HPC following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain under debate. This study aims to elucidate the association between HPC and oncologic outcomes after HCC resection, stratified by whether IBT was administered. Patients and Methods: Prospectively collected data on patients with HCC who underwent curative resection from a multicenter database was studied. Patients were stratified into two cohorts on the basis of whether IBT was administered. The impact of HPC on long-term overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the two cohorts was assessed by univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results: Of 3362 patients, 535 received IBT. In the IBT cohort, using or not using HPC showed no significant difference in OS and RFS outcomes (5-year OS and RFS rates 27.9% vs. 24.6% and 13.8% vs. 12.0%, P = 0.810 and 0.530). However, in the non-IBT cohort of 2827 patients, the HPC subgroup demonstrated significantly decreased OS (5-year 45.9% vs. 56.5%, P < 0.001) and RFS (5-year 24.7% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.001) when compared with the subgroup without HPC. Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified HPC as an independent risk factor of OS and RFS [hazard ratios (HR) 1.16 and 1.12, P = 0.024 and 0.044, respectively] among patients who did not receive IBT. Conclusions: The impact of HPC on the oncological outcomes following hepatectomy for patients with HCC differed significantly whether IBT was administered, and HPC adversely impacted on long-term survival for patients without receiving IBT during hepatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: According to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) algorithm, tumor burden and liver function, but not tumor biology, are the key factors in determining tumor staging and treatment modality, and evaluating treatment prognosis. The serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level is an important characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biology, and we aimed to evaluate its prognostic value for patients undergoing liver resection of early-stage HCC. Methods: Patients who underwent curative liver resection for early-stage HCC were identified from a multi‐institutional database. Patients were divided into three groups according to preoperative AFP levels: low (< 400 ng/mL), high (400–999 ng/mL), and extremely-high (≥ 1000 ng/mL) AFP groups. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence rates were compared among these three groups. Results: Among 1284 patients, 720 (56.1%), 262 (20.4%), and 302 (23.5%) patients had preoperative low, high, and extremely-high AFP levels, respectively. The cumulative 5-year OS and recurrence rates were 71.3 and 38.9% among patients in the low AFP group, 66.3 and 48.5% in the high AFP group, and 45.7 and 67.2% in the extremely-high AFP group, respectively (both p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified both high and extremely-high AFP levels to be independent risk factors of OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.275 and 1.978, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.004–1.620 and 1.588–2.464, respectively; p = 0.047 and p < 0.001, respectively) and recurrence (HR 1.290 and 2.050, 95% CI 1.047–1.588 and 1.692–2.484, respectively; p = 0.017 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the important prognostic value of preoperative AFP levels among patients undergoing resection for early-stage HCC. Incorporating AFP to prognostic estimation of the BCLC algorithm can help guide individualized risk stratification and identify neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment necessity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of ecological security pattern (ESP) is of great scientific significance for solving the problem of habitat fragmentation in urban environment. However, previous studies mainly focused on the ESP in land area, leaving the sea area to be ignored. This study took the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) and its offshore area as an example and integrated the land-sea coordination into the construction of ESP based on the minimum resistance model, gravity model, and graph theory centrality. The results showed that there are 171 and 56 ecological sources for land area and offshore area, accounting for 31.46% and 21.51% of total area, respectively. Twenty-four important ecological corridors with a total length of 2738.05 km were identified in GBA, and the width is proposed to be less than 100 m. Moreover, the α, β, and γ index of the ecological network in the study area is 0.19, 1.33, and 0.5, respectively, indicating that the ecological network structure is complex and the connectivity between ecological nodes is good. The ecological restoration area includes 286.6 km2 of ecological pinch points and 140.44 km2 of ecological barrier. The overall ESP of the study area is "one ring, two belts, and four zones." The main body of the area with a superior ecological environment is distributed in a ring-like pattern near the outer edge of the study area, and two belts (important ecological corridor and ecological corridor) are distributed in a network. According to the ecological characteristics, the study area was divided into four zones: ecological preservation areas, ecological restoration areas, limited construction areas, and optimized construction areas. The ESP established herein institute provides a reference for the revision of ecological space control and optimization measures in the GBA. It also provides effective and systematic means to solve ecological problems in the current territorial spatial planning and territorial ecological restoration of coastal urban agglomeration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic response of a single population to chemicals can be represented by a Weibull function. However, it is unclear whether the overall response can still be represented in this manner when scaled up to the community level. In this study, we investigated the responses of biological communities to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by using an ecological model of Baiyangdian Lake in northern China. The community dynamics process was divided into the following three stages. In the first stage, toxicity, played a dominant role and strong, medium, and weak species responses were observed according to the toxicity sensitivity. In the second stage, the dynamic process was dominated by the interaction strength with three alternative dynamic pathways comprising of direct response, no response, or inverse response. In the third stage, the toxicity was again dominant, and the biomasses of all species decreased to extinction. The toxicological dynamics were far more complex at the community level than those at the single species level and they were also influenced by the interaction strength as well as toxicity. The toxicological dynamic process in the community was constantly driven by the competing effects of these two forces. In addition to the total biomass, the interaction strength was identified as a suitable community-level signal because it exhibited good indicator properties regarding ecosystem steady-state transitions. However, we found that food web stability indicators were not suitable for use as community-level signals because they were not sensitive to changes in the ecosystem state. Some ecological management suggestions have been proposed, including medium to long-term monitoring, and reduction of external pollution loads and bioindicators. The results obtained in this study increase our understanding of how chemicals interfere with community dynamics, and the interaction strength and total biomass were identified as useful holistic indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Qiangtang Basin, located in the Tibetan Plateau, is an appropriate area to verify the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision, which was recorded by the middle-upper part of the Yanshiping Group (the Xiali and Suowa Fms) in the basin. However, the chronology of the Xiali and Suowa Fms is HYPERLINK "javascript:;" controversial, which limits comprehending the timing of the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision. More importantly, HYPERLINK "javascript:;" oil HYPERLINK "javascript:;" shale and salt springs were exposed in the Xiali and Suowa Fms in the basin. 544 paleomagnetic samples were collected from the Yanshiping section in the basin in order to reveal the timing of the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision from the view of paleomagnetic ages of the two formations. However, we did not give credible magnetostratigraphic ages of the two formations because of ammonite fossils, a global primary standard for the Jurassic strata correlation, without being found in the last study. Yin (2016) revised the long-term HYPERLINK "javascript:;" controversial paleontological age of the Suowa Fm. from a Tithonian age of the Late Jurassic or a Berriasian age of the Early Cretaceous, to a Middle Bathonian–Middle Callovian age of the Middle Jurassic based on new ammonite fossils. Considering ammonite fossils as a powerful tool and a global primary standard for the Jurassic strata correlation, we attempted to correlate the last magnetostratigraphy with the GPTS 2012 again. Magnetostratigraphic ages of 164.0–160.2 Ma and 160.2–156.8 Ma for the Xiali and Suowa Fms are suggested, respectively. The timing of the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision (156.8–154.9 Ma) is revealed from the magnetostratigraphic ages and the zircon U–Pb age of the Xueshan Fm, 154.9 (+6.8/−1.6) Ma, overlying the Suowa Fm in the Yanshiping section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To assess the perioperative safety, oncological outcomes, and determinants influencing the oncological outcomes of salvage liver resection for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rendered resectable through transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and anti-PD-1 antibodies (α-PD-1). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from 83 consecutive patients across six tertiary hospitals who underwent salvage liver resection for initially unresectable HCC following conversion by TACE combined with TKIs and α-PD-1, emphasizing perioperative and oncological outcomes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was employed to discern independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: The median operative duration was 200 min, with a median blood loss of 400 ml. Intraoperative blood transfusions were necessitated for 27 patients. The overall perioperative complication rate was 48.2%, with a major complication rate of 16.9%. One patient died during the perioperative period due to postoperative liver failure. During the median follow-up period of 15.1 months, 24 patients experienced recurrence, with early and intrahepatic recurrence being the most common. Seven patients died during follow-up. Median RFS was 25.4 months, with 1- and 2-year RFS rates of 68.2% and 61.8%, respectively. Median overall survival was not reached, with 1- and 2-year overall survival rates of 92.2% and 87.3%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that pathological complete response (pCR) and intraoperative blood transfusion served as independent prognostic determinants for postoperative RFS. Conclusions: Our study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that salvage liver resection may be an effective and feasible treatment option for patients with unresectable HCC who achieve resectability after conversion therapy with TACE, TKIs, and α-PD-1. The perioperative safety of salvage liver resection for these patients was manageable and acceptable. However, further research, particularly prospective comparative studies, is needed to better evaluate the potential benefits of salvage liver resection in this patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanisms by which self-control influences cyberbullying were unclear, it is worth to explore the latent profile of self-control among high school students and analyze the antecedents of latent self-control profiles and their impact and moderating effect on cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. 1,401 high school students (Mage ± SD = 15.5 ± 0.57, 60.2% were girls) were surveyed using the Dual-Mode of Self-Control Scale and Cyberbullying Questionnaire. The latent profile analysis was used to explore the latent profiles of self-control of high school students, and the multinomial logistic regression analysis of the R3STEP method was used to explore the different effects of demographic variables on the latent profiles of high school students' self-control. The BCH method was used to analyze the effect of latent profiles of self-control of high school students on the cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. (1) There are four latent profiles of self-control among high school students, namely "low-control type"(3.49%), "high-impulse type" (18.49%), "high-control type" (13.78%) and "balance type" (64.24%); (2) Female high school students are more likely to be low-control than male high school students; (3) Different profiles of self-control have a moderating effect on the impact of cyberbullying victimization on perpetration, and compared with balance type individuals, high-impulse type individuals are more likely to implement cyberbullying with the increase in the level of cyberbullying victimization. Compared to boys, girls tend to fall more into the self-control profile type which has a lower impulse system and control system, and high-impulse individuals are more likely to choose to cyberbully others after being subjected to cyberbullying. The results provide a basis for cyberbullying interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) accounts for ~ 70% of ovarian cancer cases. Non-invasive, highly specific blood-based tests for pre-symptomatic screening in women are crucial to reducing the mortality associated with this disease. Since most HGSOCs typically arise from the fallopian tubes (FT), our biomarker search focused on proteins found on the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by both FT and HGSOC tissue explants and representative cell lines. Using mass spectrometry, 985 EV proteins (exo-proteins) were identified that comprised the FT/HGSOC EV core proteome. Transmembrane exo-proteins were prioritized because these could serve as antigens for capture and/or detection. With a nano-engineered microfluidic platform, six newly discovered exo-proteins (ACSL4, IGSF8, ITGA2, ITGA5, ITGB3, MYOF) plus a known HGSOC associated protein, FOLR1 exhibited classification performance ranging from 85 to 98% in a case–control study using plasma samples representative of early (including stage IA/B) and late stage (stage III) HGSOCs. Furthermore, by a linear combination of IGSF8 and ITGA5 based on logistic regression analysis, we achieved a sensitivity of 80% with 99.8% specificity and a positive predictive value of 13.8%. Importantly, these exo-proteins also can accurately discriminate between ovarian and 12 types of cancers commonly diagnosed in women. Our studies demonstrate that these lineage-associated exo-biomarkers can detect ovarian cancer with high specificity and sensitivity early and potentially while localized to the FT when patient outcomes are more favorable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mind mapping is a visualization tool used in instruction that can be applied by learners to generate ideas, take notes, organize thinking, and develop concepts. Instruction using mind mapping is becoming increasingly commonly used in education. However, research has produced inconsistent results regarding the effectiveness of mind mapping-based instruction on student learning outcomes. Using the meta-analysis of 21 studies, this study investigates the overall effectiveness of the mind mapping-based instructions on students' learning outcomes in comparison with that of traditional instruction. Mind mapping-based instruction has been found to have a more positive influence on students' cognitive learning outcomes than traditional instruction. Analysis of moderator variables suggests that the subject matter and educational level are important factors in the effectiveness of mind mapping-based instruction. Lower-grade students are more susceptible to the influence of mind mapping-based instruction than higher-grade students, and mind mapping-based instruction helps students improve their cognitive learning outcomes in all subjects, especially in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clarifying how radial gap affects the vibration characteristic of a disc-like structure is of importance in engineering applications, such as in evaluating the operational stability of a runner of a pump turbine. In the present investigation, the runner is simplified as a disc, and a physical experiment is designed on it with variable radial gaps to measure the vibration characteristics, especially by considering rotation. Two frequency peaks for the diametrical mode are generated due to the rotation, and those with lower and higher frequencies are defined as positive and negative modes, respectively. The frequency difference between positive and negative modes increases linearly with the increasing rotating speed, and a linear function is captured to describe the relationship between natural frequency and rotating speed. Regarding the radial gap, its increase causes a slight increase in the natural frequencies but results in a significant reduction in the hydrodynamic damping ratio. Especially in the smaller radial gap conditions, such as when the relative radial gap increases from 0.67% to 3.3%, the reduction in hydrodynamic damping ratio reaches 31.52%. From the perspective of suppressing the resonance amplitude, reducing the radial gap of a runner is recommended due to the mechanism of increasing hydrodynamic damping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, machine learning-based multiple bioinformatics analysis was carried out for the purpose of the deep and efficient mining of high-throughput transcriptomics data from the TCGA database. Compared with normal colon tissue, 2469 genes were significantly differentially expressed in colon cancer tissue. Gene functional annotation and pathway analysis suggested that most DEGs were functionally related to the cell cycle and metabolism. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed a significant module and the enriched genes that were closely related to fatty acid degradation and metabolism. Based on colon cancer progression, the trend analysis highlighted that several gene sets were significantly correlated with disease development. At the same time, the most specific genes were functionally related to cancer cell features such as the high performance of DNA replication and cell division. Moreover, survival analysis and target drug prediction were performed to prioritize reliable biomarkers and potential drugs. In consideration of a combination of different evidence, four genes (ACOX1, CPT2, CDC25C and PKMYT1) were suggested as novel biomarkers in colon cancer. The potential biomarkers and target drugs identified in our study may provide new ideas for colonic-related prevention, diagnosis, and treatment; therefore, our results have high clinical value for colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction are fundamental defects contributing to type 2 diabetes development. Prior studies indicated that insulin resistance may be correlated with low responsiveness to clopidogrel. This study aimed to investigate the effects of β-cell function on clopidogrel-induced platelet P2Y12 inhibition and the clinical outcomes of nondiabetic patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Patients scheduled to undergo elective PCI and receive clopidogrel in addition to aspirin were recruited for this study. Homeostatic model assessment 2 of β-cell function (HOMA2-β%) was used to classify participants into quartiles. Thromboelastography (TEG) was used to calculate the quantitative platelet inhibition rate to assess clopidogrel-induced antiplatelet reactivity. The clinical outcome was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). Results: Of the 784 participants evaluated, 21.3% of them (169 of 784) had low responsiveness to clopidogrel. According to multivariate linear regression analysis, the first quartile of HOMA2-β% (19.9–78.1), indicating greater β-cell dysfunction, was independently associated with low responsiveness to clopidogrel compared with the fourth quartile (126.8–326.2) after adjustment for potential covariates [odds ratio 2.140, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.336 to 3.570), P = 0.038]. In addition, at one year, the first quartile of HOMA2-β% was associated with an increased risk of 1-year MACCE occurrence compared with the fourth quartile [adjusted hazard ratio 4.989, 95% CI (1.571 to 15.845), P = 0.006]. Conclusion: Increased β-cell dysfunction, indicated by a low HOMA2-β%, was associated with low responsiveness to clopidogrel and an increased risk of one-year MACCEs in nondiabetic patients undergoing elective PCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with Li-ion batteries, dual-graphite batteries (DGBs) have low cost, easy handling, and renewable advantages. However, DGBs with pure ionic liquid as the electrolyte (LEDGBs) suffer from high self-discharge rate (SDR). Here, a gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) was prepared using polyvinylidene fluoride as the polymer matrix and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide as the electrolyte and assembled into a gel polymer double-graphite battery (IGDGB). The results show that the IGDGB has an initial discharge capacity of 34.9 mAh g-1, and SDR is only 3.63%/h lower than the LEDGB (25.07%/h) after resting for 3 h. Notably, even after resting for 10 h, the IGDGB still has a discharge capacity of 27.5 mAh g-1. Meanwhile, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis results indicate that the low SDR of IGDGB is due to the limiting effect of ILGPE on the carrier strength. This result provides an idea of self-discharge reduction strategy for other electrochemical energy storage systems with intercalation storage mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Angina pectoris (AP) is the initial and the most common manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, management and control of AP can help prevent further complications associated with CAD. However, there is under-reporting of angina symptoms in clinical practice, resulting in under-treatment and reduced quality of life (QoL). Prospective and standardized monitoring is needed to support timely and appropriate treatment. Objectives: To establish a large cohort of Chinese patients with AP and compare the effectiveness of different anti-angina regimens with the help of electronic patient-reported outcomes (e-PROs), using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) to assess health status. Methods: The registry study (GREAT) is a multicenter, prospective, observational, cohort study. Patients diagnosed with AP will be enrolled from 10 hospitals and assessed based on the different anti-anginal regimens. Patients will be followed up every 3 months from baseline to 12 months to observe the difference in the therapeutic effectiveness of the drugs. Data will be collected in the form of e-PROs combined with on-site visit records. Planned Outcomes: The change in SAQ summary score (SAQ SS) at Month 12 from baseline will be the primary outcome. The secondary measures will include changes in SAQ SS at Months 3, 6, and 9 from baseline, changes in retest results of vascular stenosis imaging at Month 12 from baseline, and medication adherence based on the proportion of days covered. Safety data will be evaluated based on the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Conclusion: This study will evaluate the effectiveness of anti-anginal regimens using ePROs in real-world settings in China. The results from this study may provide a new perspective on treatment patterns and the effectiveness of different anti-anginal regimens for patients with AP. Study Registration Number: NCT05050773. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MYC is a well characterized oncogenic transcription factor in prostate cancer, and CTCF is the main architectural protein of three-dimensional genome organization. However, the functional link between the two master regulators has not been reported. In this study, we find that MYC rewires prostate cancer chromatin architecture by interacting with CTCF protein. Through combining the H3K27ac, AR and CTCF HiChIP profiles with CRISPR deletion of a CTCF site upstream of MYC gene, we show that MYC activation leads to profound changes of CTCF-mediated chromatin looping. Mechanistically, MYC colocalizes with CTCF at a subset of genomic sites, and enhances CTCF occupancy at these loci. Consequently, the CTCF-mediated chromatin looping is potentiated by MYC activation, resulting in the disruption of enhancer-promoter looping at neuroendocrine lineage plasticity genes. Collectively, our findings define the function of MYC as a CTCF co-factor in three-dimensional genome organization. The functional link between MYC and CTCF in prostate cancer remains to be investigated. Here, the authors highlight the role of MYC in rewiring chromatin architecture by interacting with CTCF protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum-based ceramic cores have been widely used in the manufacture of aero-engine hollow blades because of their excellent chemical stability, stable high-temperature properties and mechanical properties. In this study, in order to prepare alumina-based ceramic cores with stable strength, high apparent porosity and low sintering shrinkage, ceramic greens with predominantly irregular polyhedral alumina powder particles were successfully prepared using selective laser sintering technique. Subsequently, sol infiltration process was used to improve the mechanical properties of alumina-based ceramics, and the effects of nanoalumina sol and silica sol infiltration on the micromorphology and mechanical properties of ceramic bodies were studied. The results showed that the green bodies contained more holes when the incubation space and printed layer thickness were determined with a scanning speed and laser power of 2300 mm/s and 30 W, respectively. After infiltration of nanosilica sol, the apparent porosity of alumina-based ceramics decreased from 44.7% to 35.3%, and the ultimate compressive strength increased from 32.5 MPa to 78.8 MPa. After three cycles of infiltration, the compressive strength of the samples reached 117.2 MPa and the flexural strength reached 12.6 MPa. These are caused by the reaction of silica nanoparticles with alumina ceramic bodies at 1300 °C to form mullite and α-cristobalite phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the production yield rate, reliability is one of the important indicators of electronic packaging products. In past research, however, the influence of the fabrication process was rarely taken into consideration. In this thesis, mold flow analysis software Moldex3D is used to develop a series analysis procedure for IC package products. The effects of many factors, including process, structure, and materials were being taken into account. Especially for epoxy molding compound, namely EMC, is studied on its properties during the molding and post-mold cure (PMC) processes. This paper adopted P–V-T-C equations, which consider both volume shrinkage due to thermal mismatch and chemical shrinkage to predict the amount of warpage and residual stresses after the mold filling process. Next, dual shift factor model for viscoelastic analysis was used to model the PMC process and predict the amount of warpage and residual stresses after PMC. And the influence of different PMC process conditions and loading conditions on the warpage results is discussed. The residual stresses after PMC simulation are set as the initial conditions for reliability analysis and then the stress distribution after two thermal cycles is analyzed. It is observed that the deformed shape of the simulation and experiment results after PMC were consistent. Both are concave downwards. In comparison with experiment results, the error of warpage simulation results was between 10% and 50%. The biggest error was found in the short direction. During two thermal cycles, it is can be found that the maximum stress of the lead frame is 505.7 MPa and the location of the possible failure is at the top left of the die. In addition, when considering or not considering the process-induced residual stress in the thermal cycle analysis, the stress states are very different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, metabolic syndrome, with its increase in prevalence, has become an important and significant risk factor for HCC. This study was designed to investigate the association of concurrent metabolic syndrome with long-term prognosis following liver resection for patients with HBV-related HCC. Methods: From a Chinese, multicenter database, HBV-infected patients who underwent curative resection for HCC between 2010 and 2020 were identified. Long-term oncological prognosis, including overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and early (≤2 years of surgery) and late (>2 years) recurrences were compared between patients with versus those without concurrent metabolic syndrome. Results: Of 1753 patients, 163 (9.3%) patients had concurrent metabolic syndrome. Compared with patients without metabolic syndrome, patients with metabolic syndrome had poorer 5-year OS (47.5% vs. 61.0%; P = 0.010) and RFS (28.3% vs. 44.2%; P = 0.003) rates and a higher 5-year overall recurrence rate (67.3% vs. 53.3%; P = 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed that concurrent metabolic syndrome was independently associated with poorer OS (hazard ratio: 1.300; 95% confidence interval: 1.018–1.660; P = 0.036) and RFS (1.314; 1.062–1.627; P = 0.012) rates, and increased rates of late recurrence (hazard ratio: 1.470; 95% confidence interval: 1.004–2.151; P = 0.047). Conclusions: In HBV-infected patients with HCC, concurrent metabolic syndrome was associated with poorer postoperative long-term oncologic survival outcomes. These results suggested that patients with metabolic syndrome should undergo enhanced surveillance for tumor recurrence even after 2 years of surgery to early detect late HCC recurrence. Whether improving metabolic syndrome can reduce postoperative recurrence of HCC deserves further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superconducting M g B 2 films are fabricated by a hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition method on S i 3 N 4 spheres in diameter of 2 mm. Resistance measurement shows that the film transits into the superconducting state at a critical temperature of about 33 K. Diamagnetic properties of the film-coated sphere are tested, in comparison with a YBCO bulk sphere. In both zero field cooling and field cooling conditions, the film-coated sphere behaves exactly like a type-II superconductor in weak field. To understand the diamagnetism of film-coated sphere better, we numerically studied the levitation force decay when there are non-superconducting loopholes on the film. Results show that one single small loophole seems insignificant, but flux line passage created by two or more disconnected loopholes are vital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The macro- and microphysical characteristics of wintertime precipitating clouds and non-precipitating clouds over the West Tianshan Mountains, China, were analyzed with the use of Ka-band radar and weighing rain gauge observations. The data were collected from January to February 2019, December 2019, and from December 2020 to February 2021. Snowfall clouds mainly ranged from 0.15 ~ 2.50 km and had a reflectivity (Z) of mostly 10 ~ 33 dBZ. Non-snowfall clouds were primarily distributed within the height range of 2 ~ 8 km, and the Z values were within the range of − 22 ~ 15 dBZ. Compared with non-snowfall clouds, snowfall clouds have a higher particle water content (M) but a similar radial velocity (V). Light and moderate snowfall clouds were mainly located at heights of 0.15 ~ 3.50 km and had Z values concentrated from 5 ~ 24 dBZ. Heavy snowfall clouds were characterized by a Z of 5 ~ 30 dBZ below 3.5 km. The proportion of clouds with an M value > 0.1 g·m−3 below 2 km was noticeably higher for heavy snow events than for light and moderate snow events. The differences in the distributions and values of snowfall cloud V values were small among the different snow types, and descending motions occurred below 6 km, with V ranging − 1.4 ~ − 0.3 m·s−1. The heights of the non-snowfall cloud top and base during the day were lower than those at night. The snowfall cloud top did not show noticeable diurnal variations. The cloud top and base heights of the non-snowfall clouds both showed a single-peak distribution. The cloud top values of snowfall clouds exhibited bimodal distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation and the microstructure of GaAs embedded with Al nanocrystals prepared by Laser molecular beam epitaxy were investigated. The microstructure of the sample was observed by transmission electron microscope. The reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) pattern varied from the stripe pattern to the spot pattern at the beginning of the Al nanocrystals growth, and then the spot pattern tended to change to the stripe pattern. There was a large lattice mismatch between Al and GaAs substrate, and Al formed three-dimensional islands on the GaAs substrate, which led to the RHEED transformation into the spot pattern. Otherwise, the dislocations would be formed between the GaAs layer and Al islands due to the large lattice mismatch. Meanwhile, there was some polycrystal of GaAs around the Al islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metastatic prostate cancer remains a major clinical challenge and metastatic lesions are highly heterogeneous and difficult to biopsy. Liquid biopsy provides opportunities to gain insights into the underlying biology. Here, using the highly sensitive enrichment-based sequencing technology, we provide analysis of 60 and 175 plasma DNA methylomes from patients with localized and metastatic prostate cancer, respectively. We show that the cell-free DNA methylome can capture variations beyond the tumor. A global hypermethylation in metastatic samples is observed, coupled with hypomethylation in the pericentromeric regions. Hypermethylation at the promoter of a glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 is associated with a decreased immune signature. The cell-free DNA methylome is reflective of clinical outcomes and can distinguish different disease types with 0.989 prediction accuracy. Finally, we show the ability of predicting copy number alterations from the data, providing opportunities for joint genetic and epigenetic analysis on limited biological samples. Metastatic prostate cancer can be difficult to biopsy and characterise. Here, the authors use cell-free DNA methylation analysis to illustrate changes in hypermethylation in metastatic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2019, Yonghae Lee et al. combined the circuit implementation of the Harrow–Hassidim–Lloyd (HHL) algorithm with a classical computer, and designed a hybrid HHL algorithm to reduce experimental errors caused by decoherence and so on. However, the improvement is achieved only in the auxiliary quantum coding phase, and no quantum resource reduction is done on the quantum phase estimation and inverse quantum phase estimation stages. At the same time, the circuit improvement illustration on a 2 × 2 linear system just has the result and no specific process. In this paper, based on the idea of the hybrid HHL algorithm and a generic circuit of HHL algorithm, an improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm is proposed. The feasibility of the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm is verified by IBM's qiskit. The improved circuit illustrations on a 4 × 4 linear system show that the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm can effectively reduce quantum resources without losing the fidelity of the results. Thus the improved circuit implementation of the HHL algorithm can further avoid some result errors than the existing implementation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly nano-sized small EV exosomes, are emerging biomarker sources. However, due to heterogeneous populations secreted from diverse cell types, mapping exosome multi-omic molecular information specifically to their pathogenesis origin for cancer biomarker identification is still extraordinarily challenging. Herein, we introduced a novel 3D-structured nanographene immunomagnetic particles (NanoPoms) with unique flower pom-poms morphology and photo-click chemistry for specific marker-defined capture and release of intact exosome. This specific exosome isolation approach leads to the expanded identification of targetable cancer biomarkers with enhanced specificity and sensitivity, as demonstrated by multi-omic exosome analysis of bladder cancer patient tissue fluids using the next generation sequencing of somatic DNA mutations, miRNAs, and the global proteome (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD034454). The NanoPoms prepared exosomes also exhibit distinctive in vivo biodistribution patterns, highlighting the highly viable and integral quality. The developed method is simple and straightforward, which is applicable to nearly all types of biological fluids and amenable for enrichment, scale up, and high-throughput exosome isolation. 3D-structured nanographene immunomagnetic particles with flower pompoms morphology and photo-click chemistry are applied for specific marker-defined capture and release of exosomes from several types of biological fluids, identifying targetable cancer biomarkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Exploring the genomic landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provides clues for therapeutic decision-making. Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling is one of the key pathways regulating HCC aggressiveness, and its genomic alterations have been correlated with sorafenib response. In this study, we aimed to predict somatic mutations of the PI3K signaling pathway in HCC samples through machine-learning-based radiomic analysis. Methods: HCC patients who underwent next-generation sequencing and preoperative contrast-enhanced CT were recruited from West China Hospital and The Cancer Genome Atlas for model training and validation, respectively. Radiomic features were extracted from volumes of interest (VOIs) covering the tumor (VOItumor) and peritumoral areas (5 mm [VOI5mm], 10 mm [VOI10mm], and 20 mm [VOI20mm] from tumor margin). Factor analysis, logistic regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and random forest analysis were applied for feature selection and model construction. Model performance was characterized based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: A total of 132 HCC patients (mean age: 61.1 ± 14.7 years; 108 men) were enrolled. In the training set, the AUCs of radiomic signatures based on single CT phases were moderate (AUC 0.694–0.771). In the external validation set, the radiomic signature based on VOI10mm in arterial phase demonstrated the highest AUC (0.733) among all models. No improvement in model performance was achieved after adding the tumor radiomic features or manually assessed qualitative features. Conclusions: Machine-learning-based radiomic analysis had potential for characterizing alterations of PI3K signaling in HCC and could help identify potential candidates for sorafenib treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A potentially curative hepatic resection is the optimal treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but most HCCs, even at an early stage, eventually recur after resection. This study investigates clinical features of initial recurrence and long-term prognosis of patients with recurrence after curative resection for early-stage HCC. Patients and Methods: From a multicenter database, patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for early-stage HCC [Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0/A] were extracted. Time to initial recurrence, patterns of initial recurrence, and treatment modalities for recurrent tumors were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify independent risks associated with postoperative recurrence, as well as post-recurrence survival (PRS) for patients with recurrence. Results: Among 1424 patients, 679 (47.7%) developed recurrence at a median follow-up of 54.8 months, including 408 (60.1%) early recurrence (≤ 2 years after surgery) and 271 (39.9%) late recurrence (> 2 years). Independent risks of postoperative recurrence included cirrhosis, preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level > 400 ug/L, tumor size > 5 cm, multiple tumors, satellites, microvascular invasion, and intraoperative blood transfusion. Multivariate analysis revealed that receiving irregular recurrence surveillance, initial tumor beyond Milan criteria, early recurrence, BCLC stage B/C of the recurrent tumor, and noncurative treatments were independently associated with poorer PRS. Conclusions: Nearly half of patients with early-stage HCC experienced recurrence after resection. Understanding recurrence risks may help identify patients at high risk of recurrence who may benefit from future adjuvant therapies. Meaningful survival even after recurrence can still be achieved by postoperative regular surveillance and curative treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burdens and trends of gastric cancer are poorly understood, especially in high-prevalence countries. Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we analyzed the incidence, death, and possible risk factors of gastric cancer in five Asian countries, in relation to year, age, sex, and sociodemographic index. The annual percentage change was calculated to estimate the trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR). The highest ASIR per 100,000 person-years in 2019 was in Mongolia [44 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 34 to 55)], while the lowest was in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) [23 (95% UI, 19 to 29)]. The highest ASDR per 100,000 person-years was in Mongolia [46 (95% UI, 37 to 57)], while the lowest was in Japan [14 (95% UI, 12 to 15)]. Despite the increase in the absolute number of cases and deaths from 1990 to 2019, the ASIRs and ASDRs in all five countries decreased with time and improved sociodemographic index but increased with age. Smoking and a high-sodium diet were two possible risk factors for gastric cancer. In 2019, the proportion of age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking was highest in Japan [23% (95% UI, 19 to 28%)], and the proportions attributable to a high-sodium diet were highest in China [8.8% (95% UI, 0.21 to 33%)], DPRK, and the Republic of Korea. There are substantial variations in the incidence and death of gastric cancer in the five studied Asian countries. This study may be crucial in helping policymakers to make better decisions and allocate appropriate resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgroud: Oxidative stress (OS) can affect the expression of key genes and destroy the intestinal structure. However, it is unclear how OS regulates the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs exposed to OS. Methods: Piglets were exposed to diquat (DQ), a herbicide, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the morphology of the intestine were investigated. We utilized whole transcriptome sequencing to examine the global expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the jejunum. Results: Compared to controls, 751 circRNAs, 731 miRNAs and 164 mRNAs were differentially expressed in diquat-treated piglets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that oxidative phosphorylation, RNA degradation and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were closely associated with OS. Conclusions: Our results indicated that diquat-induced OS alters the intestinal structure, resulting in the differential expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the jejunum of piglets. Meanwhile, OS weakened the enzyme antioxidant system in serum of piglets. Our results provide a foundation for further studies on the mechanisms involved in the response to OS in the jejunum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

while the fifth generation (5G) cellular system is being deployed worldwide, researchers have started the investigation of the sixth generation (6G) mobile communication networks. Although the essential requirements and key usage scenarios of 6G are yet to be defined, it is believed that 6G should be able to provide intelligent and ubiquitous wireless connectivity with Terabits per second (Tbps) data rate and sub-millisecond (sub-ms) latency over three-dimensional (3D) network coverage. To achieve such goals, acquiring accurate location information of the mobile terminals is becoming extremely useful, not only for location-based services but also for improving wireless communication performance in various ways such as channel estimation, beam alignment, medium access control, routing, and network optimization. On the other hand, the advancement of communication technologies also brings new opportunities to greatly improve the localization performance, as exemplified by the anticipated centimeter-level localization accuracy in 6G by extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies. In this regard, a unified study on integrated localization and communication (ILAC) is necessary to unlock the full potential of wireless networks for dual purposes. While there are extensive studies on wireless localization or communications separately, the research on ILAC is still in its infancy. Therefore, this article aims to give a tutorial overview on ILAC towards 6G wireless networks. After a holistic survey on wireless localization basics, we present the state-of-the-art results on how wireless localization and communication inter-play with each other in various network layers, together with the main architectures and techniques for localization and communication co-design in current two-dimensional (2D) and future 3D networks with aerial-ground integration. Finally, we outline some promising future research directions for ILAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note, we prove that the weak solution (u , B) of the MHD system satisfies the energy equality, provided that one of the following assumptions is satisfied: (i) u , B ∈ L q (0 , T ; L p (Ω)) , where 1 p + 1 q ≤ 1 2 , p ≥ 4 , or (ii) u , B ∈ L q (0 , T ; L p (Ω)) , where 3 p + 1 q ≤ 1 , p ∈ (3 , 4 ] . The significance is that assumption (ii) cancels the condition 2 p + 2 p ≤ 1 in Taniuchi's (Manuscr Math 94:365–384, 1997) result on Navier–Stokes equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cold winter, the concrete strength of box girder under steam curing is not enough and early cracks appear because of volume expansion, poor temperature control and other reasons. The electric heating furnace can provide enough temperature for concrete curing and will not produce a lot of water vapor to make the concrete expand. The construction section of the box girder of the long-span prestressed continuous rigid frame bridge is taken as the research object. The early-age thermal field of concrete under the curing of the electric heating furnace in the cold winter is studied by the method of finite element analysis and field test comparison. The comparison shows that the initial temperature growth of box girder mainly depends on the hydration heat in cement. When the temperature reaches the peak value, it is closely linked to the external conditions. The concrete curing by electric heating furnace can achieve better curing effect in the cold winter. The research results provide a cheap and efficient curing method for concrete curing in the cold winter and a scientific basis for concrete curing by electric heating furnace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]