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In this paper, an online adaptive optimal control problem of a class of continuous-time Markov jump linear systems (MJLSs) is investigated by using a parallel reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm with completely unknown dynamics. Before collecting and learning the subsystems information of states and inputs, the exploration noise is firstly added to describe the actual control input. Then, a novel parallel RL algorithm is used to parallelly compute the corresponding N coupled algebraic Riccati equations by online learning. By this algorithm, we will not need to know the dynamic information of the MJLSs. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is also proved. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of this novel algorithm is illustrated by two simulation examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]