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Studies have shown that tripartite motif–containing (TRIM) family proteins function as E3 ubiquitin ligases and play essential roles in cancer biology. In the present study, we validated a contribution of TRIM9 to bladder cancer progression. 296 patients derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 22 clinical specimens were included, in which accumulated TRIM9 correlated with the poor prognosis and higher relapse in bladder patients. In vitro, TRIM9 promoted bladder cancer cells Biu-87 and T24 cell proliferation and migration. Meanwhile, overexpression of TRIM9 reduced the chemosensitivity in Biu-87 and T24 to mitomycin C (MMC) and gemcitabine (GEM). As an underlying mechanism, we found that TRIM9 stimulated carcinoembryonic antigen 6 (CEACAM6) upregulation, which further facilitated Smad2/3-matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) signaling activation both in vitro and in vivo. Those results indicated that TRIM9 facilitated bladder cancer development and chemoresistance by CEACAM6-Smad2/3 axis. TRIM9 and its associated molecules could be a potential diagnostic indicator and therapeutic target in bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A biosensor based on single-fiber optical tweezers is proposed, which can detect the motion trajectory of cells based on the stable capture and transmission of silica microspheres as well as biological yeast cells by using a tapered optical fiber as a sensing element. The interference cavity is formed by using the fiber tip and the target particle, the detected interference signal is demodulated using Hilbert transform, and the displacement curve of the particle is plotted to realize the particle motion trajectory tracking. This method provides potential technical support for process monitoring of targeted drug delivery in biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimation of the value on the engineering project in tourist towns is usually very challenging and controversial. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the economic value of the debris flow control engineering in tourist towns by integrating both welfare and disaster economics. The total value of debris flow prevention and control engineering in tourist towns ( VDFE) includes investment cost ( IC), disaster mitigation benefit ( DMB), and loss of brand value ( LBV). Here DMB is assessed by the cost-benefit method. The LBV is estimated by incorporating brand equity and cost-benefit methods. The engineering for debris flow control in the Hongchun Gully of southwest China was built to protect Yingxiu tourist town and was assessed as an example. The IC for the engineering is 180 million RMB, however, the VDFE reaches as high as 3401 million RMB, of which the LBV is 169 million RMB, and the input-output ratio is 1:18. Thus, the LBV cannot be neglected in case of VDFE estimation process. The more developed the tourism in one town or city is, the greater the LBV and the higher the VDFE are. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discussed the petrological characteristics and coal facies of No.6 coal seam from the Haerwusu Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia by using of coal petrology and geochemistry. No.6 coal facies can be divided into 3 types, arid forest peat swamp (including two subfacies) and reed peat swamp, respectively. From bottom to top, the development of peat swamps present wavy changes, and three coal facies types appear alternately, with obvious thyme. According to the parameters, 11 secondary sequences were identified of the peat swamps of No.6 coal seam. The results indicate that the mire formed in brackish water-fresh water weak regression environment, changed in excess oxygen and poor oxygen, and reflected the characteristics of transition phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scaling and similarity of wall bounded turbulent flow were studied. The properties of such flows and the relationship between a power law and a logarithmic type of velocity distribution were investigated. Based on the physical mechanism involved, our results show that the power law and the logarithmic distribution are only different forms with the same hypothesis and hold only in the outer flow zone. Thus, a universal explanation for various empirical formulae of velocity distribution was obtained. Manning's formula was studied to explain theoretically the experiential result that the roughness coefficient is only a comprehensive parameter of the whole system without a corresponding physical factor. The physical mechanism of the velocity distribution of parallel to wall bounded flow was explored, the results show that the parameters in the formula of velocity distribution are indices of the system responding to flowing environmental factors to represent general case of boundary roughness and the flowing state, corresponding physical mechanism is vortex motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The property of the velocity field and the cascade process of the fluid flow are key problems in turbulence research. This study presents the scaling property of the turbulent velocity field and a mathematical description of the cascade process, using the following methods: (1) a discussion of the general self-similarity and scaling invariance of fluid flow from the viewpoint of the physical mechanism of turbulent flow; (2) the development of the relationship between the scaling indices and the key parameters of the She and Leveque (SL) model in the inertial range; (3) an investigation of the basis of the fractal model and the multi-fractal model of turbulence; (4) a demonstration of the physical meaning of the flowing field scaling that is related to the real flowing vortex. The results illustrate that the SL model could be regarded as an approximate mathematical solution of Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations, and that the phenomena of normal scaling and anomalous scaling is the result of the mutual interactions among the physical factors of nonlinearity, dissipation, and dispersion. Finally, a simple turbulent movement conceptional description model is developed to show the local properties and the instantaneous properties of turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macro-porous monolithic γ-Al2O3 was prepared by using macro-porous polystyrene monolith foam as the template and alumina sol as the precursor. Platinum and potassium were loaded on the support by impregnation method. TG, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, SEM, TEM, and TPR techniques were used for catalysts characterization, and the catalytic performance of macro-porous monolithic Pt/γ-Al2O3 and K–Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were tested in hydrogen-rich stream for CO preferential oxidation (CO-PROX). SEM images show that the macropores in the macro-porous monolithic γ-Al2O3 are interconnected with the pore size in the range of 10 to 50 μm, and the monoliths possess hierarchical macro-meso(micro)-porous structure. The macro-porous monolithic catalysts, although they are less active intrinsically than the particle ones, exhibit higher CO conversion and higher O2 to CO oxidation selectivity than particle catalysts at high reaction temperatures, which is proposed to be owing to its hierarchical macro-meso(micro) -porous structure. Adding potassium lead to marked improvement of the catalytic performance, owing to intrinsic activity and platinum dispersion increase resulted from K-doping. CO in hydrogen-rich gases can be removed to 10 ppm over monolithic K–Pt/γ-Al2O3 by CO-PROX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macroporous alumina monoliths have been prepared for the first time by filling polystyrene foam templates with alumina hydrosols which were prepared from pseudo-boehmite. Polystyrene foam templates were obtained by polymerization in highly concentrated water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. The organic templates were subsequently removed by calcination. The effects of filling times of the alumina hydrosols, calcination temperature, and CTAB surfactant addition in the hydrosols on the properties of the monolith have been investigated. TG, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption, and XRD techniques were used for characterization. The so prepared monoliths are the replicas of the polystyrene foams and are characterized with hierarchically porous structure. The macropores are interconnected and the macropore walls contain many meso and/or micropores. The hierarchically macro-meso-microporous structure can be controlled and tailored by adjusting the preparation conditions stated above and by addition of surfactant, and the organic components can be eliminated by high temperature calcination. When the calcination temperatures are 600 °C and 900 °C, the γ-Al2O3 phases are obtained, with SBET of 228 and 85 m2 g−1, respectively. When calcined at 1100 °C, the alumina monolith presents a single θ-Al2O3 phase with SBET of 80 m2 g−1. The 1300 °C calcined sample takes on the single α-Al2O3 phase with SBET of 5 m2 g−1 and compressive strength of 3.1 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Based on integral equation method, the study of unsteady supercavitating flow past cones is presented. The shape and length of supercavity are calculated respectively using the finite difference time discretization method. The characteristics of the shape and length of supercavities, which vary with the cone''s angle and cavitation number, are investigated respectively, the varied features of some supercavity scales are analyzed when the flow field is perturbed periodically. The curves relationship between cavity length and cavitation number, which are based respectively on present method and other theories, are discussed and compared. It is obviously shown that the supercavity changes have two characteristics: retardance and wave. These results obtained would be useful in the case of design and analysis of cavitator under water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Fe Mössbauer studies of mono- and dibiferrocene derivatives and their triiodide salts of oxidized ferrocene derivatives show that there are small changes in the isomer shift and quadrupole splitting of these compounds. The mixed valence salt of dimethenylbiferrocenyl- p-phenylene-diamine is localized within the Mössbauer timescale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]