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According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (2010), more than one million metric tons of oil are spilled into oceans annually, resulting in severe and far-reaching consequences for marine ecosystems. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to offer insights into enhancing environmental protection and preparedness for more efficient responses. This is achieved by studying simulations of oil spill trajectories presented in 18 different scenarios within the semi-enclosed coastal basin of Kaštela Bay in the Adriatic Sea. Given the sensitivity of this area, incident simulations were generated using the Potential Incident Simulation, Control, and Evaluation System (PISCES II) simulator. Three worst-case scenarios are introduced in order to give an insight into the potential incident impact on the marine environment. Furthermore, observing through forward stepwise generated multiple regression model (F=2.734; R=0.517; p=0.097) variable height of wave was identified as a statistically significant predictor of speed at which oils spread in (b=1.965; p=0.047). In addition, the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test was applied for the validity of the calculated regression model assessment. The paper provides insights into linear relations between the most appropriate predictor (height of wave) and criterion (speed at which oil spreads), and it can be used as a starting point for risk assessment analyses of the incidents. Furthermore, the results of this research provide a possibility to ensure that safe and effective preparedness measures are set in place. Last but not least, results are implicitly pointing to the benefits and sufficiency of equipment for responding to real-life oil pollution incidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient safety incidents in paediatric radiology have profound impacts not only on the patient and their family, but also on the well-being and professional practice of healthcare professionals. These incidents, which range from procedural and diagnostic incidents to serious adverse events leading to harm or even death of the patient, may evoke feelings of distress, guilt, and anxiety among paediatric radiologists (in-training), ultimately affecting their confidence and ability to deliver high-quality care. Recognizing the importance of addressing these challenges, healthcare organizations should implement strategies to support professionals in coping with and learning from these incidents. By fostering a culture of open communication, providing access to peer support, and offering structured debriefing and educational opportunities, healthcare institutions can help mitigate the psychological toll of patient safety incidents and promote resilience among their staff. This article examines the multifaceted impacts of patient safety incidents on paediatric radiologists (in-training) and their staff and outlines effective approaches for handling these incidents to support professional well-being and enhance patient safety.Graphical abstract: Patient safety incidents in paediatric radiology have profound impacts not only on the patient and their family, but also on the well-being and professional practice of healthcare professionals. These incidents, which range from procedural and diagnostic incidents to serious adverse events leading to harm or even death of the patient, may evoke feelings of distress, guilt, and anxiety among paediatric radiologists (in-training), ultimately affecting their confidence and ability to deliver high-quality care. Recognizing the importance of addressing these challenges, healthcare organizations should implement strategies to support professionals in coping with and learning from these incidents. By fostering a culture of open communication, providing access to peer support, and offering structured debriefing and educational opportunities, healthcare institutions can help mitigate the psychological toll of patient safety incidents and promote resilience among their staff. This article examines the multifaceted impacts of patient safety incidents on paediatric radiologists (in-training) and their staff and outlines effective approaches for handling these incidents to support professional well-being and enhance patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifteen percent of the total volume produced is lost, which has become a major problem for water resource management in Algeria. The number of high leakages reduces the performance of the drinking water supply network. The disturbance of the drinking water supply observed by the citizens resulted from several incidents occurring mainly on the axis of production or distribution (e.g., breakage, leakage, pollution, electrical problems, and drought). To manage these incidents and for water distribution monitoring in the high-level strategic plan, monitoring and control software was developed for the Algerian Water Company (ADE). This software is an essential tool that helps managers of water resources to monitor the water supply situation throughout the national territory to ameliorate water public services. This dynamic software has been in use since 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Transdermal opioids are widely used among elderly adults with chronic pain. However, transdermal patches may be involved in a significant proportion of opioid-related patient safety incidents, as the application process includes several subprocesses, each associated with an individual risk of error. Objective The aim was to obtain specific knowledge on patient safety incidents related to transdermal opioid treatment within both the primary care sector and the hospital sector in Denmark. Setting The study is descriptive with data provided by the Danish Patient Safety Database. Methods We manually retrieved all patient safety incidents concerning transdermal opioids reported for 2018 from (1) the hospital sector and (2) the primary care sector. Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools. Main outcome measure The available information for each incident was sorted into the following categories: location, medication process, type of problem, outcome at time of reporting, and outcome classification. Results A total of 866 patient safety incidents involving transdermal opioids were reported to the Danish Patient Safety Database in 2018. No fatal incidents were present in the database. In 386 cases, the incidents were reported as harmful, and these 386 cases were analysed. Most reports came from the primary care sector (nursing home, home care or social housing). The majority of incidents were related to the administration of the patch in the medication process, and the most prevalent problem was the omission of doses. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that the administration of transdermal opioids is challenging and may cause harm, particularly in the primary care sector. To improve patient safety, optimized systems, including guidelines on drug management and the continuing education of healthcare personnel in transdermal opioid management, are necessary. These guidelines should preferably incorporate reminders and checklists, since the omission of doses was the most reported problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Radiologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Landing problems of light freight aircraft on account of spontaneous deployment of braking flaps are analyzed. Types of asymmetric deployment are considered. Recommendations are made for pilot responses in such situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work used the analytical hierarchy process supported by a machine learning technique (namely random forest variable importance) in a geospatial environment to identify traffic-incident hot spots where seven incident attributes (incident severity level, vehicle type, number of vehicles involved, number of weather condition factors, number of lanes blocked, time period, and incident duration) and incident frequency were considered. Using a frame of raster representation, each factor was ranked and weighted based on the literature, expert surveys, and random forest technique to perform hot spot analysis and generate a critical road index map. Statistical analysis of spatial clustering and hot spot spatial densities was carried out based on Moran's I method of spatial autocorrelation, Getis–Ord Gi* statistics, and point kernel density. Based on weighted attributes of more than 130,000 incidents from Harris County, Texas, for the period between 2004 and 2013, the method successfully identified critical road segments and highlighted factors that contribute to criticality. The results show that high-severity segments are located in the downtown area during the period of 2004 to 2010, and shifted northwest of the downtown area during the period of 2010 to 2013. The random forest variable importance revealed that the number of lanes blocked along with time periods was the most critical factor affecting the severity of traffic incidents. Though the application of the method was demonstrated using incident database from Harris County, it can be generalized to other cities. Traffic agencies can use the suggested approach to garner and visualize reliable information that ensures better traffic management schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Radiologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An important factor determining the length of industrial trials for ERP systems is the quality of user training for working in the integrated management system, which is integrated at the level of elementary transactions. Obviously, the length of this period and the corresponding losses associated with problems in the operation of the ERP system may be significantly decreased not only by satisfactory design and testing of the system but, in particular, by improving user skills through training. The problem of creating a training program for users of an ERP system at a large metallurgical company is expressed in mathematical terms. In this formulation, the optimization criterion is the total increment in user competence as a result of the program. Solution of this problem is based on network programming, which calls for structurally similar network representation of the target function and constraints. The authors present a general scheme for solution of this problem, as well as an example. In the solution, the individual assessment problems are solved by dichotomous programming. The approximate solutions obtained may be improved by finding the global optimum of the initial problem on the basis of the branch and bound method. The boundaries employed are values of the target function in the approximate solution. In practice, it will be expedient to consider the inverse of the problem considered here: in that case, the criterion is the training cost. In view of the structural similarity of the increment in skills and the training cost, the approach proposed for the direct problem may also be applied to the inverse problem. To generalize the problem considered, user preferences regarding the relative significance of particular programs may be taken into account by appropriate weighting. The basic solution remains unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risk is a complex component of outdoor adventure education (OAE) that can both enhance and diminish meaningful learning experiences. Outdoor professionals are searching for the balance between providing a high level of safety and challenging students through outdoor adventure activities. This case study of Outward Bound New Zealand (OBNZ) utilised a mixed method approach involving interviews with senior management staff (n = 5) and analysis of incident reports, quality control forms, and pre- and post-programme evaluation questionnaires from short-course (8 days) and long-course (21 days) participants (n = 6, 792) between 2009 and 2014. The purpose of the qualitative part of the study was to examine the learning from incidents in relation to changes to safety management at OBNZ. The quantitative analysis was used to examine the relationship between students’ perceptions of safety and challenge and how incidents impacted learning outcomes. The findings indicated that OBNZ has responded to increasing compliance requirements through the review of standard operating procedures and multiple external and internal safety audits, developing a current industry best practice incident reporting system and a heightened sense of responsibility and supportive culture amongst instructors to keep students safe and facilitate high-quality courses. These findings have implications for other OAE providers in their review of incidents and development of appropriate safety management systems that enhance safety, quality, and culture whilst still challenging students and achieving significant learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Several methods have been studied in text categorization and mostly are inspired by the statistical distribution features in the texts, such as the implementation of Machine Learning (ML) methods. However, there is no work available that investigates the performance of ML-based methods against the text expression-based method, especially for incident and medical case categorization. Meanwhile, these two domains are becoming ever more popular, due to a growing interest of automation in security intelligence and health services. This paper presents a text expression-based method called Evolving Fuzzy Grammar (EFG) and evaluates its performance against the conventional ML methods of Naïve Bayes, support vector machine, $$k$$ -nearest neighbor, adaptive booting, and decision tree. The incident dataset used is a real dataset that was taken from the World Incidents Tracking System, while ImageCLEF 2009 was used as the source for radiology case reports. The results suggested variations of strength and weakness of each method in both categorization tasks, where a standard evaluation technique (i.e., recall, precision, and $$F$$ -measure) was used. In both domains, the SMO and IBk methods were the best, while AdaBoost was the worst. It was also observed that the medical dataset was easier to categorize than the incident. Although EFG was ranked second lowest, it obtained the highest precision score in the bombing categorization, the highest score in armed attack recall, and was averagely ranked in the top three for the medical case categorization. It was also noted that the text expression-based method used in EFG was the most verbose and expressive, when compared to the ML methods. This indicates that EFG is a viable method in text categorization and may serve as an alternative approach to such a task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research exploring the needs of families of childhood cancer survivors is critical to improving the experiences of future families faced by this disease. However, there are numerous challenges in conducting research with this unique population, including a relatively high mortality rate. In recognition that research with cancer survivors is a relational activity, this article presents a series of cases of parents bereaved by childhood cancer who unintentionally received invitations to participate in survivorship research. We explore six ethical considerations, and compare our experiences with that described previously. Our considerations include the sharing of confidential information with external parties to confirm past patients' vital status and appropriate researcher responses to bereaved parents. The management of researchers' emotional safety when working with illness populations and the fact that study invitations can elicit grief responses in non-bereaved families are discussed. To conclude, we argue for the benefits of inviting bereaved parents whose children died after treatment completion in survivorship research. Such parents' early survivorship experiences will otherwise be systemically neglected. We argue that discussing complex cases can assist researchers to protect participants' and researchers' emotional well-being. We hope to contribute to the dearth of discussion about research operating procedures to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological analysis of the causes of incorrect actions by personnel is discussed as presented in the report 'Methodological guidelines for analyzing the causes of incidents in the operation of nuclear power plants.' The types of incorrect actions and classification of the root causes of errors by personnel are analyzed. Recommendations are made for improvements in the psychological analysis of causes of incorrect actions by personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport of critically ill patients from the ICU for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes (e.g. CT, endoscopy, radiological catheter-assisted interventions) is a challenge and has steadily increased over the years. After risk-benefit analysis careful planning is the first step in minimizing the risk of complications. Knowledge and skillful handling of the transport equipment is mandatory to avoid life-threatening incidents as monitoring and therapy have to be continued during the transport. Proper education and experience in critical care medicine are additional characteristics of the transport team. When these prerequisites are fulfilled a “non-transportable” patient is just as unlikely as a “non-anesthetizable” patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thus far, incident reporting in health care has relied on health professionals. However, patients too may be able to signal the occurrence of undesirable events. Objective: To estimate the frequency of undesirable events reported by recently discharged patients, and to identify correlates of undesirable events. Design: Mailed patient survey. Setting: Swiss public teaching hospital. Participants: Adult patients ( N=1,518) discharged from hospital. Measurements: Self-reports of 27 undesirable events during hospitalization, including 9 medical complications, 9 interpersonal problems, and 9 incidents related to the health care process. Results: Most survey respondents (1,433, 94.4%) completed the section about undesirable events, and 725 (50.6%) reported at least 1 event. The most frequent events were phlebitis (11.0%), unavailable medical record (9.5%), failure to respect confidentiality (8.4%), and hospital-acquired infection (8.2%). The odds of an unfavorable rating increased with each additional interpersonal problem (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3 to 1.8), each additional process-related problem (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.9), but not with each additional medical complication (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.2). Longer duration of stay, poor health, and depressed mood were all related to a greater reported frequency of undesirable events. Conclusion: Patients are able to report undesirable events that occur during hospital care. Such events occur in about a half of the hospitalizations, and have a negative impact on satisfaction with care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lettre de Medecine Physique et de Readaptation is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)