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We propose a robust attitude estimation method for multisensor systems with heavy-tailed noise. The attitude model is represented by a quaternion, and the propagation process in the filter is based on a gyro-based model. To avoid the constraint of quaternion, the quaternion is converted to modified Rodrigues parameters during the prediction and update process. Instead of the minimum mean square error principle, the maximum correntropy criterion is applied in the update process, which is robust to heavy-tailed noises. Considering the linear form in the update process, the information filtering algorithm is applied in the proposed method to simplify the calculation of multisensor information fusion. Moreover, the application of information filtering algorithm can also avoid the numerical problem that zero weight functions cannot be incorporated into the Gaussian filtering framework. Simulations for several cases are performed, and the simulation results indicate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studying characteristics of potentiometric DP-sensors (sensors with the Donnan potential as their analytical signal) are presented for alkaline solutions of a sulfur-containing amino acid with perfluorosulfonic cation exchange membranes subjected to thermal treatment and mechanical deformation at different relative humidity. Correlation between the distribution of sensitivity of DP-sensors towards cations and anions and diffusion permeability of membranes was found. A multisensor system including two DP-sensors based on membranes with optimized properties and a glass electrode for codetermination of potassium cations and amino acid anions and zwitterions in solutions at pH > 7 are developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of using solid-state and liquid PVC-membrane electrodes based on ionic liquids to design a potentiometric multisensor system is assessed. Ionic liquids with 1,3-dihexadecylimidazolium cation and chloride, bromide, iodide, and nitrate anions are used. The sensitivity parameters of the sensors are determined. A multisensor array is applied to detect chloride and iodide anions in the multicomponent mixture. The designed system is used to discriminate between mineral waters of different compositions by applying the method of principal component analysis (PCA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retail price of food products is a complex interplay between multiple factors. Overall product quality has got one of the most serious impacts on the price in many situations. In the present study, an artificial sensory system (potentiometric electronic tongue) was employed for the analysis of black tea samples purchased in the retail stores in Spain and Russia. It was possible to relate the response of a potentiometric sensor system with retail prices of various black tea samples by means of partial least squares (PLS) regression. PLS regression models are allowed for the prediction of retail price with mean relative errors of about 15 and 25 % for Spain's tea bags and for loose-packed tea from Russia, respectively. The suggested approach shows a promise for the development of an instrumental analytical technique for regulatory authorities to fight with counterfeits and for commercial purposes to evaluate market space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basic principles of a new potentiometric sensor are considered. Its analytical signal is the Donnan potential at the ion-exchange polymer/studied solution of electrolyte interface. Assessments of potential drops at individual interfaces are presented, same as estimates of diffusion potentials in the electrochemical circuit for measurement of the sensor response. It is shown that the overall contribution of the values of all potentials to EMF of the electrochemical circuit, except for the Donnan potential, at the ion-exchange polymer/studied solution interface are negligibly low as compared to the experimental values of the circuit EMF in the studied systems. Certain regularities of the Donnan potential formation are studied in the systems with the polymers of different structure and solutions containing inorganic ions and organic electrolytes in different ionic forms. The possibility is shown of using a sensor with such an analytical signal as the Donnan potential for assay of amino acids, vitamins, and drug substances in aqueous solutions. The sensor was used as a selective electrode for determination of lysine in aqueous solutions with neutral amino acids in the range of pH 5.0-7.0 and glycine in aqueous alkali solutions in the range of pH 9.00-11.00. The developed sensor is introduced as a cross-sensitive electrode into the array of multisensor systems for multicomponent quantitative analysis of the lysine monohydrochloride, thiamine chloride, novocaine hydrochloride, lidocaine hydrochloride solutions containing potassium and sodium chlorides. The measurement error of electrolytes in aqueous solutions did not exceed 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter explores the distributed multisensor dynamic system, which has uniform sampling velocity and asynchronous sampling data for different sensors, and puts forward a new gradation fusion algorithm of multisensor dynamic system. As the total forecasted increment value between the two adjacent moments is the forecasted estimate value of the corresponding state increment in the fusion center, the new algorithm models the state and the forecasted estimate value of every moment. Kalman filter and all measurements arriving sequentially in the fusion period are employed to update the evaluation of target state step by step, on the condition that the system has obtained the target state evaluation that is based on the overall information in the previous fusion period. Accordingly, in the present period, the fusion evaluation of the target state at each sampling point on the basis of the overall information can be obtained. This letter elaborates the form of this new algorithm. Computer simulation demonstrates that this new algorithm owns greater precision in estimating target state than the present asynchronous fusion algorithm calibrated in time does. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]