Search

Purpose: The Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ)-Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a disease-specific instrument to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with NAFLD. In order to provide further evidence for the cross-cultural utility of this instrument in the Chinese population, we translated the CLDQ-NAFLD into Chinese and examined its reliability and validity., Methods: Patients with NAFLD in 90 hospitals across China were enrolled in this multicenter cross-sectional survey. Eligible patients completed the Chinese version of CLDQ-NAFLD at enrollment to assess HRQL. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half reliability. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficient. Factor analysis was used to test the construct validity., Results: Between March and August 2019, 5181 patients with a mean age of 43.8 ± 13.3 years were enrolled. All domains exhibited good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability greater than 0.70. The scaling success rate of all domains was 100% for convergent validity and 99.4% (179/180) for discriminant validity. The inter-scale correlations indicated a significant correlation between all CLDQ-NAFLD domains (r = 0.608 to 0.832, all p < 0.001). Factor analysis of 36 items extracted 6 factors, which explained 69.14% of the total variance., Conclusion: The Chinese version of CLDQ-NAFLD is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the HRQL of Chinese patients with NAFLD., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Purpose: The chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) is a frequently used liver-specific quality of life instrument, but it does not provide information on preference-adjusted health status, which is essential for cost-utility analysis. We aimed to develop a mapping function deriving utilities from the CLDQ in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)., Methods: Short form-6D (SF-6D) utilities were calculated from SF-36 data collected in a recent prospective study in which unselected patients with PSC also completed the CLDQ. Ordinary least squares (OLS), generalized linear, median, and kernel regression analyses were employed to devise a mapping function predicting utilities. This was validated in three random subsamples of the cohort and in a separate sample of PSC patients following liver transplantation. Adjusted R (2) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) as well as Pearson's r coefficients and mean absolute errors between predicted and observed values were used to determine model performance., Results: Decompensated liver disease and fatigue, systemic symptoms, and emotional distress, assessed with the CLDQ, were related to worse SF-6D utilities. The final OLS prediction model explained 66.3 % of the variance in the derivation sample. Predicted and observed utilities were strongly correlated (r = 0.807, p < 0.001), but the mean absolute error (0.0604) and adjusted RMSE (10.6 %) were of intermediate size. Similar model characteristics were observed after employment of generalized linear and median regression models and at validation., Conclusions: A model has been constructed, showing good validity predicting SF-6D utilities from CLDQ scores at the group level in PSC. Further testing is required to externally validate the model.