79 results on '"Cheng, Jun"'
Search Results
2. A Comparative Study on Hydrodynamics and Hydrochemistry Coupled Simulations of Drainage Pipe Crystallization Blockage in Karst Tunnels
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Dian-Guang Liu, Yun Yang, Cheng-Jun Mao, Jian-Feng Wu, and Ji-Chun Wu
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General Earth and Planetary Sciences - Published
- 2022
3. Review on monitoring and prevention technologies of splashing induced by inappropriate slag foaming in BOF
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Rui-fang Wang, Bo Zhang, Cheng-jun Liu, and Mao-fa Jiang
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Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
4. Double-Factored Decision Theory for Markov Decision Processes with Multiple Scenarios of the Parameters
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Cheng-Jun Hou
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Management Science and Operations Research - Published
- 2023
5. A combined fibre/free-space-optical communication system for long-haul wireline/wireless transmission at millimetre-wave/sub-THz frequencies
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Hai-Han Lu, Chung-Yi Li, Xu-Hong Huang, Cheng-Jun Lin, Ru-De Lin, Yu-Shen Lin, Yu-Sheng Tang, and Wei-Cheng Fan
- Abstract
The demands of the technologies of the future such as autonomous vehicles, Internet of Things and mixed reality require communications platforms equipped to handle huge quantities of data. Higher frequency communication bands are attractive but have limitations in terms of data loss particularly during wireless transmission. Free-space optical (FSO) communication, which transmits optical signals through free-space by modulating laser light, is one option for better wireless signal delivery. Here we report a platform combining multiple transmission media of 40-km single-mode fibre, with 1.2-km FSO communication, and short range (0.5-2 m) radio-frequency wireless. We demonstrate sufficiently low bit error rates and error vector magnitudes at sub-terahertz frequencies, satisfying the requirement of 5 G new radio communications applications.
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- 2023
6. Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and implantation of a leadless pacemaker: a case report
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Qiao-yuan Li, Wen-long Dai, can-can Lin, Xu Liu, Cheng-jun Guo, and Dong Jian-zeng
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is a rare cardiac anomaly and can lead to abnormal electrical activity of the heart. The implant of a pacemaker in such patients is more complicated than conventional operations. This case report of an adult with ccTGA who had a leadless pacemaker implant will provide a reference for diagnosing and treating such patients. Case presentation A 50-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital having experienced intermittent vision loss for a month. An electrocardiogram and Holter monitoring showed intermittent third-degree atrioventricular block, and echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a diagnosis of ccTGA. A leadless pacemaker was successfully implanted into the patient’s anatomical left ventricle, and the postoperative parameters were stable. Conclusion Implanting a leadless pacemaker into a patient with a rare anatomical and electrophysiological abnormality, such as ccTGA, is feasible and efficacious, but preoperative imaging evaluation is of considerable importance.
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- 2023
7. Atomically dispersed Pt and Fe sites and Pt–Fe nanoparticles for durable proton exchange membrane fuel cells
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Fei Xiao, Qi Wang, Gui-Liang Xu, Xueping Qin, Inhui Hwang, Cheng-Jun Sun, Min Liu, Wei Hua, Hsi-wen Wu, Shangqian Zhu, Jin-Cheng Li, Jian-Gan Wang, Yuanmin Zhu, Duojie Wu, Zidong Wei, Meng Gu, Khalil Amine, and Minhua Shao
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,Bioengineering ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis - Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity without emissions. The high cost and low durability of Pt-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction hinder their wide application, and the development of non-precious metal electrocatalysts is limited by their low performance. Here we design a hybrid electrocatalyst that consists of atomically dispersed Pt and Fe single atoms and Pt–Fe alloy nanoparticles. Its Pt mass activity is 3.7 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C in a fuel cell. More importantly, the fuel cell with a low Pt loading in the cathode (0.015 mgPt cm−2) shows an excellent durability, with a 97% activity retention after 100,000 cycles and no noticeable current drop at 0.6 V for over 200 hours. These results highlight the importance of the synergistic effects among active sites in hybrid electrocatalysts and provide an alternative way to design more active and durable low-Pt electrocatalysts for electrochemical devices.
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- 2022
8. A single-atom library for guided monometallic and concentration-complex multimetallic designs
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Lili Han, Hao Cheng, Wei Liu, Haoqiang Li, Pengfei Ou, Ruoqian Lin, Hsiao-Tsu Wang, Chih-Wen Pao, Ashley R. Head, Chia-Hsin Wang, Xiao Tong, Cheng-Jun Sun, Way-Faung Pong, Jun Luo, Jin-Cheng Zheng, and Huolin L. Xin
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
Atomically dispersed single-atom catalysts have the potential to bridge heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Dozens of single-atom catalysts have been developed, and they exhibit notable catalytic activity and selectivity that are not achievable on metal surfaces. Although promising, there is limited knowledge about the boundaries for the monometallic single-atom phase space, not to mention multimetallic phase spaces. Here, single-atom catalysts based on 37 monometallic elements are synthesized using a dissolution-and-carbonization method, characterized and analysed to build the largest reported library of single-atom catalysts. In conjunction with in situ studies, we uncover unified principles on the oxidation state, coordination number, bond length, coordination element and metal loading of single atoms to guide the design of single-atom catalysts with atomically dispersed atoms anchored on N-doped carbon. We utilize the library to open up complex multimetallic phase spaces for single-atom catalysts and demonstrate that there is no fundamental limit on using single-atom anchor sites as structural units to assemble concentration-complex single-atom catalyst materials with up to 12 different elements. Our work offers a single-atom library spanning from monometallic to concentration-complex multimetallic materials for the rational design of single-atom catalysts.
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- 2022
9. Evolution of inclusion and microstructure in Ti–Zr deoxidized steel during hot compression
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Yong-kun Yang, Jia-yu Zhu, Xiao-ming Li, Yang Wang, Cheng-jun Liu, and Dong-ping Zhan
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Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
10. Symmetry energy of strange quark matter and tidal deformability of strange quark stars
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Jian-Feng Xu, Cheng-Jun Xia, Zhen-Yan Lu, Guang-Xiong Peng, and Ya-Peng Zhao
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering - Published
- 2022
11. Anomalous X-Ray Scattering and Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Study of the Local Structure of CrFeCoNiMox (x = 0.11, 0.18, and 0.23) High-Entropy Alloys
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Haiyan He, C.T. Liu, Xun-Li Wang, Muhammad Naeem, Bing Wang, Jacob Ruff, Cheng-Jun Sun, and Si Lan
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Diffraction ,Materials science ,Absorption edge ,Extended X-ray absorption fine structure ,Scattering ,High entropy alloys ,Superlattice ,General Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Anomalous X-ray scattering ,Molecular physics - Abstract
Anomalous x-ray scattering (AXS) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) were used to determine the local structure of Mo in CrFeCoNiMox (x = 0.11, 0.18, and 0.23), a high-entropy alloy with a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice. No superlattice peaks were observed down to the 10–4 intensity level. This observation along with the nearly constant decrease of the FCC diffraction peaks above the Mo K absorption edge suggests that Mo atoms have no preferred site occupancy in the FCC lattice. Modeling of the EXAFS data suggests a local chemical order in CrFeCoNiMox, where in Mo-rich samples (e.g., x = 0.23), Mo atoms are preferably surrounded by lighter atoms, such as Cr.
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- 2021
12. Talaromyces Marneffei Infection in an HIV-Negative Child with a CARD9 Mutation in China: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Feng Xu, Si-wei Lu, Cheng-Jun Liu, Cheng-Yan You, Dan-Dan Pi, Yue-qiang Fu, and Fang Hu
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CARD9 mutation ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antifungal Agents ,Tuberculosis ,Veterinary (miscellaneous) ,HIV Infections ,Gene mutation ,HIV-negative ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Medical microbiology ,Ascites ,Humans ,Medicine ,Child ,Genetic testing ,Mutation ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Bone Marrow Smear ,Talaromyces marneffei ,medicine.disease ,CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ,Mycoses ,Talaromyces ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,Antibody ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Background Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is a thermally dimorphic fungus causing systemic mycosis. Due to the atypical symptoms and diverse imaging findings, T. marneffei-infected patients may be misdiagnosed thus preventing timely antifungal therapy. Moreover, HIV-negative patients with T. marneffei infection may be congenitally immunocompromised because of the mutation of immune-related genes. Case presentation We describe a case of an HIV-negative child who developed disseminated T. marneffei infection in a nonendemic area. Chest CT showed similar imaging changes of miliary pulmonary tuberculosis, while there was no other evidence of tuberculosis infection, and empirical antituberculosis treatment was not effective. Lymphocyte subset analysis showed reduced natural killer cells, and the immunoglobulin profile showed low levels of IgM, C3 and C4. A bone marrow smear revealed T. marneffei infection, and ascites culture also proved T. marneffei infection. Despite antifungal treatment, the child died of multiple organ failure. Two gene mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) were detected, which had not been reported previously in T. marneffei-infected patients. Conclusions HIV-negative patients with CARD9 mutations may be potential hosts of T. marneffei. Abnormalities in the immunoglobin profile and lymphocyte subset may provide clues for immunocompromised patients, and further genetic testing is advised to identify gene mutations in HIV-negative patients with T. marneffei infection.
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- 2021
13. Bioorthogonal catalytic patch
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Gang Wan, Zejun Wang, Guojun Chen, Peter Abdou, Zhen Gu, Hongjun Li, Song Li, Jun Fang, Cheng-Jun Sun, Yi Zeng, Yijie Bian, Jinqiang Wang, Zhaowei Chen, Di Wen, Xudong Zhang, and Yimin Miao
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chemistry ,Biomolecule ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Prodrug ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Treatment efficacy ,0104 chemical sciences ,Enzyme catalysis ,Catalysis ,In vivo ,Biocatalysis ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Bioorthogonal chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by transition metals has inspired a new subfield of artificial chemistry complementary to enzymatic reactions, enabling the selective labelling of biomolecules or in situ synthesis of bioactive agents via non-natural processes. However, the effective deployment of bioorthogonal catalysis in vivo remains challenging, mired by the safety concerns of metal toxicity or complicated procedures to administer catalysts. Here, we describe a bioorthogonal catalytic device comprising a microneedle array patch integrated with Pd nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanosheets. This device is robust and removable, and can mediate the local conversion of caged substrates into their active states in high-level living systems. In particular, we show that such a patch can promote the activation of a prodrug at subcutaneous tumour sites, restoring its parent drug's therapeutic anticancer properties. This in situ applied device potentiates local treatment efficacy and eliminates off-target prodrug activation and dose-dependent side effects in healthy organs or distant tissues.
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- 2021
14. Ultra-high-voltage Ni-rich layered cathodes in practical Li metal batteries enabled by a sulfonamide-based electrolyte
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Yanhao Dong, Zhe Shi, Jeremiah A. Johnson, Rui Xiong, Cheng-Jun Sun, Rui Gao, Yang Shao-Horn, Guiyin Xu, Weiwei Fan, Sipei Li, Inhui Hwang, Peng Li, Yang Yu, Mingjun Huang, Yutao Li, Ju Li, Xianghui Xiao, Daiwei Yu, Yun Guang Zhu, Jeffrey Lopez, Weijiang Xue, Wah-Keat Lee, and Wenxu Zhang
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Battery (electricity) ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Fuel Technology ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Plating ,0210 nano-technology ,Electrical impedance ,Dissolution ,Faraday efficiency ,Voltage - Abstract
By increasing the charging voltage, a cell specific energy of >400 W h kg−1 is achievable with LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 in Li metal batteries. However, stable cycling of high-nickel cathodes at ultra-high voltages is extremely challenging. Here we report that a rationally designed sulfonamide-based electrolyte enables stable cycling of commercial LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 with a cut-off voltage up to 4.7 V in Li metal batteries. In contrast to commercial carbonate electrolytes, the electrolyte not only suppresses side reactions, stress-corrosion cracking, transition-metal dissolution and impedance growth on the cathode side, but also enables highly reversible Li metal stripping and plating leading to a compact morphology and low pulverization. Our lithium-metal battery delivers a specific capacity >230 mA h g−1 and an average Coulombic efficiency >99.65% over 100 cycles. Even under harsh testing conditions, the 4.7 V lithium-metal battery can retain >88% capacity for 90 cycles, advancing practical lithium-metal batteries. Charging at high voltages in principle makes batteries energy dense, but this is often achieved at the cost of the cycling stability. Here the authors design a sulfonamide-based electrolyte to enable a Li metal battery with a state-of-the-art cathode at an ultra-high voltage of 4.7 V while maintaining cyclability.
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- 2021
15. Oxygen evolution reaction over catalytic single-site Co in a well-defined brookite TiO2 nanorod surface
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Jinghua Guo, Chang Liu, Gang Wan, Hyeyoung Shin, Colton Sheehan, Shuang Li, Hua Zhou, Sooyeon Hwang, Cheng-Jun Sun, William A. Goddard, Zhiyong Zhang, T. Brent Gunnoe, Yifan Ye, Yi-Sheng Liu, Sen Zhang, and Jin Qian
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Tafel equation ,Materials science ,Brookite ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Oxygen evolution ,Bioengineering ,Electrocatalyst ,Electrochemistry ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis ,Chemical engineering ,visual_art ,Hydrogen fuel ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Nanorod - Abstract
Efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are paramount to the development of electrochemical devices for clean energy and fuel conversion. However, the structural complexity of heterogeneous electrocatalysts makes it a great challenge to elucidate the surface catalytic sites and OER mechanisms. Here, we report that catalytic single-site Co in a well-defined brookite TiO2 nanorod (210) surface (Co-TiO2) presents turnover frequencies that are among the highest for Co-based heterogeneous catalysts reported to date, reaching 6.6 ± 1.2 and 181.4 ± 28 s−1 at 300 and 400 mV overpotentials, respectively. Based on grand canonical quantum mechanics calculations and the single-site Co atomic structure validated by in situ and ex situ spectroscopic probes, we have established a full description of the catalytic reaction kinetics for Co-TiO2 as a function of applied potential, revealing an adsorbate evolution mechanism for the OER. The computationally predicted Tafel slope and turnover frequencies exhibit exceedingly good agreement with experiment. The rational design of efficient water oxidation electrocatalysts is paramount to the development of electrochemical devices. Now, a Co-TiO2 single-site catalyst is presented for alkaline water oxidation with high intrinsic activity, and its mechanism has been studied by grand canonical quantum mechanics calculations and in situ techniques.
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- 2020
16. A high-energy and long-cycling lithium–sulfur pouch cell via a macroporous catalytic cathode with double-end binding sites
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Xiaobing Zuo, Lei Cheng, Tianshou Zhao, Zhou Yu, Khalil Amine, Yuxun Ren, Shi-Gang Sun, Gui-Liang Xu, Yu-Xue Mo, Inhui Hwang, Chen Zhao, Leicheng Zhang, Jun-Tao Li, Cheng-Jun Sun, and Yang Ren
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inorganic chemicals ,Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Specific energy ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Polysulfide ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Sulfur ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Cathode ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology ,Faraday efficiency - Abstract
Lithium–sulfur batteries are attractive alternatives to lithium-ion batteries because of their high theoretical specific energy and natural abundance of sulfur. However, the practical specific energy and cycle life of Li–S pouch cells are significantly limited by the use of thin sulfur electrodes, flooded electrolytes and Li metal degradation. Here we propose a cathode design concept to achieve good Li–S pouch cell performances. The cathode is composed of uniformly embedded ZnS nanoparticles and Co–N–C single-atom catalyst to form double-end binding sites inside a highly oriented macroporous host, which can effectively immobilize and catalytically convert polysulfide intermediates during cycling, thus eliminating the shuttle effect and lithium metal corrosion. The ordered macropores enhance ionic transport under high sulfur loading by forming sufficient triple-phase boundaries between catalyst, conductive support and electrolyte. This design prevents the formation of inactive sulfur (dead sulfur). Our cathode structure shows improved performances in a pouch cell configuration under high sulfur loading and lean electrolyte operation. A 1-A-h-level pouch cell with only 100% lithium excess can deliver a cell specific energy of >300 W h kg−1 with a Coulombic efficiency >95% for 80 cycles. The shuttling effect in Li–S batteries can be drastically suppressed by using a single-atom Co catalyst and polar ZnS nanoparticles embedded in a macroporous conductive matrix as a cathode. Using this strategy, Li–S pouch cells show stable cycling and high energy performances.
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- 2020
17. Phase segregation reversibility in mixed-metal hydroxide water oxidation catalysts
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Cong Xi, Zhengrui Xu, Cheng-Jun Sun, Dimosthenis Sokaras, Shi-Zhang Qiao, Luxi Li, Chunguang Kuai, Zhijie Yang, Feng Lin, Xi-Wen Du, Cun-Ku Dong, Yan Zhang, and Anyang Hu
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Materials science ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Oxygen evolution ,Bioengineering ,Electrolyte ,Electrochemistry ,Electrocatalyst ,Biochemistry ,Redox ,Catalysis ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Hydroxide - Abstract
Achieving stable, low-cost electrocatalysts represents a daunting challenge towards practical water oxidation reactions. Here, we report that a degraded electrocatalyst can be revivified under catalytic operating conditions by manipulating reversible phase segregation. Under the oxygen evolution reaction conditions, Fe segregation develops in the Ni–Fe hydroxide host lattice, with the formation of FeOOH, resulting in an interface between the FeOOH and the host lattice. A dynamic metal dissolution–redeposition process accelerates the Fe segregation and formation of the FeOOH secondary phase, resulting in catalyst deactivation. Operando synchrotron spectroscopic and microscopic analyses suggest that the phase segregation is reversible between the water oxidation potential and the catalyst reduction potential. Therefore, we have developed an intermittent reduction methodology to revivify the catalytic activity under the operating conditions, enhancing catalyst durability. The present study highlights that tailoring phase segregation at the catalyst/electrolyte interface constitutes an important strategy for revivifying and stabilizing catalytic activity. Achieving long-term stability of water oxidation electrocatalysts remains a formidable challenge. Now, an in situ electrochemical reduction strategy to revivify mixed Ni–Fe hydroxide catalysts by reversible phase segregation is presented.
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- 2020
18. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19
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Hua Wen Liu, Jun Yuan, Jin Jing Li, Hai Jun Deng, Shao Bo Wu, Xiao Ping Cui, Man Man Zhu, Fang Gong, Juan Chen, Jie Li Hu, Xiao He Luo, Zhi Jie Li, Xiao Feng Li, Wen Guang Tian, Li Hu, Liu Ping, Chun Hui Lang, Jing Wang, Kun Deng, Yuan Hu, Kun Wang, Li Hua Yu, Jing Fu Qiu, Deqiang Wang, Cheng Jun Xue, Yong Zhang, Bai Zhong Liu, Xiao-li Zhang, Yin Yin Xu, Yong Lin, Qing Jun Yang, Fan Zhang, Xian Xiang Zhang, Zhan Mo, Xue Fei Cai, Yao Kai Chen, Qin Li, Ailong Huang, Ji Hua Ren, Xia Mao Liu, De Chun Zhang, Ni Tang, Quanxin Long, Gui Cheng Wu, Jiang Lin Xiang, Li Wang, Pu Liao, Xiaojun Tang, Hong Xin Du, Zheng Zhou, and Chang Chun Niu
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Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Antibodies, Viral ,Antiviral Agents ,Asymptomatic ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Serology ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Seroconversion ,Pandemics ,Aged ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Pneumonia ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoglobulin G ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Antibody Formation ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody ,medicine.symptom ,Coronavirus Infections ,business - Abstract
We report acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 285 patients with COVID-19. Within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested positive for antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG). Seroconversion for IgG and IgM occurred simultaneously or sequentially. Both IgG and IgM titers plateaued within 6 days after seroconversion. Serological testing may be helpful for the diagnosis of suspected patients with negative RT-PCR results and for the identification of asymptomatic infections.
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- 2020
19. Formation and evolution behavior of inclusions in Al-killed resulfurized free-cutting steel with magnesium treatment
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Jiu‑jian Xu, Cheng‑jun Liu, Yi Min, and Qing‑song Zhang
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010302 applied physics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Sulfide ,Magnesium ,Scanning electron microscope ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Metals and Alloys ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Low magnesium ,01 natural sciences ,Sulfur ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Spectroscopy ,Mass fraction ,021102 mining & metallurgy ,Solid solution - Abstract
To reveal the formation and evolution behavior of inclusions during magnesium treatment and resulfurization in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out. The extracted samples were polished and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that MgO formed immediately and then transferred to MgO·Al2O3 with the homogenization of [Mg] in steel in the case of low magnesium addition (w[Mg]
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- 2020
20. Facet-dependent active sites of a single Cu2O particle photocatalyst for CO2 reduction to methanol
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Kah Chun Lau, Cheng-Jun Sun, Qi Liu, Larry A. Curtiss, Zhonghou Cai, Cong Liu, Jeffrey R. Guest, Yimin A. Wu, Yang Ren, Ian McNulty, Tijana Rajh, Vojislav R. Stamenkovic, Arvydas P. Paulikas, and Yuzi Liu
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Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Quantum yield ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Artificial photosynthesis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Oxidation state ,Photocatalysis ,Methanol ,0210 nano-technology ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
Atomic-level understanding of the active sites and transformation mechanisms under realistic working conditions is a prerequisite for rational design of high-performance photocatalysts. Here, by using correlated scanning fluorescence X-ray microscopy and environmental transmission electron microscopy at atmospheric pressure, in operando, we directly observe that the (110) facet of a single Cu2O photocatalyst particle is photocatalytically active for CO2 reduction to methanol while the (100) facet is inert. The oxidation state of the active sites changes from Cu(i) towards Cu(ii) due to CO2 and H2O co-adsorption and changes back to Cu(i) after CO2 conversion under visible light illumination. The Cu2O photocatalyst oxidizes water as it reduces CO2. Concomitantly, the crystal lattice expands due to CO2 adsorption then reverts after CO2 conversion. The internal quantum yield for unassisted wireless photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol using Cu2O crystals is ~72%. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol offers a promising route to storage of solar energy in the form of chemical fuels. Here, Wu et al. use in operando microscopy to identify the active facets for CO2 reduction on Cu2O and exploit this to obtain high conversion efficiency and selectivity to methanol.
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- 2019
21. Aqueous Li-ion battery enabled by halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite
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Oleg Borodin, Chunsheng Wang, Xujie Lü, Tingting Qing, Ji Chen, Kang Xu, Chongyin Yang, Singyuk Hou, Cheng-Jun Sun, Travis P. Pollard, Xiao Ji, Cunming Liu, Yingqi Wang, Qi Liu, and Yang Ren
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Battery (electricity) ,Multidisciplinary ,Intercalation (chemistry) ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Graphite intercalation compound ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Electrode ,Lithium ,Graphite ,0210 nano-technology ,Electrochemical window - Abstract
The use of 'water-in-salt' electrolytes has considerably expanded the electrochemical window of aqueous lithium-ion batteries to 3 to 4 volts, making it possible to couple high-voltage cathodes with low-potential graphite anodes1-4. However, the limited lithium intercalation capacities (less than 200 milliampere-hours per gram) of typical transition-metal-oxide cathodes5,6 preclude higher energy densities. Partial7,8 or exclusive9 anionic redox reactions may achieve higher capacity, but at the expense of reversibility. Here we report a halogen conversion-intercalation chemistry in graphite that produces composite electrodes with a capacity of 243 milliampere-hours per gram (for the total weight of the electrode) at an average potential of 4.2 volts versus Li/Li+. Experimental characterization and modelling attribute this high specific capacity to a densely packed stage-I graphite intercalation compound, C3.5[Br0.5Cl0.5], which can form reversibly in water-in-bisalt electrolyte. By coupling this cathode with a passivated graphite anode, we create a 4-volt-class aqueous Li-ion full cell with an energy density of 460 watt-hours per kilogram of total composite electrode and about 100 per cent Coulombic efficiency. This anion conversion-intercalation mechanism combines the high energy densities of the conversion reactions, the excellent reversibility of the intercalation mechanism and the improved safety of aqueous batteries.
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- 2019
22. A Large Chinese Text Dataset in the Wild
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Tai-Ling Yuan, Zhe Zhu, Kun Xu, Tai-Jiang Mu, Shi-Min Hu, and Cheng-Jun Li
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Source code ,business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Deep learning ,020207 software engineering ,Character encoding ,02 engineering and technology ,Optical character recognition ,computer.software_genre ,Computer Science Applications ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Character (mathematics) ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Hardware and Architecture ,Minimum bounding box ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Artificial intelligence ,Chinese characters ,Line (text file) ,business ,computer ,Software ,Natural language processing ,media_common - Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a very large Chinese text dataset in the wild. While optical character recognition (OCR) in document images is well studied and many commercial tools are available, the detection and recognition of text in natural images is still a challenging problem, especially for some more complicated character sets such as Chinese text. Lack of training data has always been a problem, especially for deep learning methods which require massive training data. In this paper, we provide details of a newly created dataset of Chinese text with about 1 million Chinese characters from 3 850 unique ones annotated by experts in over 30 000 street view images. This is a challenging dataset with good diversity containing planar text, raised text, text under poor illumination, distant text, partially occluded text, etc. For each character, the annotation includes its underlying character, bounding box, and six attributes. The attributes indicate the character’s background complexity, appearance, style, etc. Besides the dataset, we give baseline results using state-of-the-art methods for three tasks: character recognition (top-1 accuracy of 80.5%), character detection (AP of 70.9%), and text line detection (AED of 22.1). The dataset, source code, and trained models are publicly available.
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- 2019
23. Moderate consumption of fermented alcoholic beverages diminishes diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through mechanisms involving hepatic adiponectin signaling in mice
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Tino Lippmann, Anna Janina Engstler, Finn Jung, Cheng Jun Jin, Annette Brandt, and Anja Baumann
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Lipid peroxidation ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Fermented alcoholic beverages ,Adiponectin receptor 1 ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Ethanol ,Triglyceride ,Adiponectin ,Cholesterol ,Fatty liver ,Beer ,Fructose ,Original Contribution ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,chemistry ,Female ,Fermented Foods ,Signal Transduction ,Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Abstract
Purpose Results of some epidemiological studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may be associated with a decreased risk to develop NAFLD. Here, the effect of the consumption of moderate beer and diluted ethanol, respectively, on the development of NAFLD were assessed. Methods Female C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (C-D) or a diet rich in fructose, fat and cholesterol (FFC) enriched isocalorically and isoalcoholically with beer (FFC + B) or plain ethanol (FFC + E) (2.5 g ethanol/kg body weight/day) for 7 weeks. Liver damage was assessed by histology using NAFLD activity score. Markers of inflammation, insulin resistance and adiponectin signaling were measured at mRNA and protein levels. Using J774A.1 cells as a model of Kupffer cells, the effect of alcoholic beverages on adiponectin receptor 1 (Adipor1) was assessed. Results Hepatic triglyceride concentration, neutrophil granulocytes, iNOS protein concentrations and early signs of insulin resistance found in FFC-fed mice were significantly attenuated in FFC+ B-fed mice (P
- Published
- 2019
24. Ciliate Uronema marinum is the causative agent of scuticociliatosis in farm raised turbot Scophthalmus maximus
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Cheng Jun Sun, Kun Shang, Guangxun Du, Chen Wang, Ping Gao, and Lingyun Qu
- Subjects
Turbot ,Ciliate ,biology ,Uronema marinum ,Molecular evidence ,Brain tissue ,Oceanography ,biology.organism_classification ,Pathogen ,Water Science and Technology ,Scophthalmus ,Microbiology - Abstract
To identify the pathogen that causes scuticociliatosis in farmed-raised turbot Scophthalmus maximus, we isolated a ciliate from the brain tissue of an infected turbot and identified it as Uronema marinum based on morphological and molecular evidence. We then infected the turbots in artificial laboratory settings with pure cultured U. marinum. The infected turbots showed syndromes similar to those observed in naturally infected ones. Furthermore, microscopic examination and PCR detection confirmed the presence of the ciliate in the tissues of those laboratory-infected turbots. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of scuticociliatosis caused by U. marinum in farm-raised turbot S. maximus in China.
- Published
- 2019
25. MTSplice predicts effects of genetic variants on tissue-specific splicing
- Author
-
Cheng, Jun, Çelik, Muhammed Hasan, Kundaje, Anshul, and Gagneur, Julien
- Subjects
Method ,Animal Genetics and Genomics ,Human Genetics ,Plant Genetics and Genomics ,Microbial Genetics and Genomics ,Bioinformatics ,Evolutionary Biology ,ddc - Published
- 2020
26. Author Correction: Oxygen evolution reaction over catalytic single-site Co in a well-defined brookite TiO2 nanorod surface
- Author
-
Chang Liu, Jin Qian, Yifan Ye, Hua Zhou, Cheng-Jun Sun, Colton Sheehan, Zhiyong Zhang, Gang Wan, Yi-Sheng Liu, Jinghua Guo, Shuang Li, Hyeyoung Shin, Sooyeon Hwang, T. Brent Gunnoe, William A. Goddard, and Sen Zhang
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,Bioengineering ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2022
27. Control of magnetic anisotropy by orbital hybridization with charge transfer in (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3)n/(SrTiO3)n superlattice
- Author
-
Richard A. Rosenberg, Steve M. Heald, Cheng-Jun Sun, Thirumalai Venkatesan, Ping Yang, Jin-Cheng Zheng, Jun Ding, Yimei Zhu, Jingsheng Chen, Xiaojiang Yu, Lijun Wu, Gan Moog Chow, and Bangmin Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Orbital hybridisation ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Superlattice ,02 engineering and technology ,Elementary charge ,01 natural sciences ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Magnetization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Atomic orbital ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,0103 physical sciences ,lcsh:TA401-492 ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Condensed matter physics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Magnetic field ,Magnetic anisotropy ,chemistry ,Modeling and Simulation ,Strontium titanate ,lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The chemical asymmetry at the hetero-structure interface offers an effective opportunity to design desirable electronic structures by controlling charge transfer and orbital hybridization across the interface. However, controlling the hetero-interface remains a daunting task. Here, we report the modulation of interfacial coupling of (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3)n/(SrTiO3)n superlattices by manipulating the periodic thickness with n unit cells of SrTiO3 and n unit cells of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 with a fixed thickness of ~120 unit cells. The easy axis of magnetic anisotropy rotates ~45° towards the out-of-plane direction from n = 10 to n = 2 at reduced temperature TRe = T/TS = 0.87, where TS is the temperature at the onset of magnetization. Transmission electron microscopy reveals an enlarged tetragonal ratio >1 with breaking of volume conservation around the (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3)n/(SrTiO3)n interface and electronic charge transfer from Mn to Ti 3d orbitals across the interface. Orbital hybridization accompanying the charge transfer results in preferred occupancy of $${3d}_{3z^2-r^2}$$ orbitals at the interface and induces a stronger electronic hopping integral and interfacial magnetic anisotropy along the out-of-plane direction, which contributes to the rotation towards the out-of-plane direction of an effective magnetic easy axis for n = 2. We demonstrate that interfacial orbital hybridization with charge transfer in the superlattice of strongly correlated oxides may be a promising approach to tailor electronic and magnetic properties in device applications. A composite material with tuneable magnetic properties which could add novel functionality to electronic devices has been developed by scientists from Singapore and the USA. The interface between two crystalline materials can exhibit properties differing from those of either substance separately. These interface properties can be extended to three dimensions by stacking alternating thin layers of the two materials, creating a so-called superlattice. Bangmin Zhang from the National University of Singapore and co-workers used this concept to alter the magnetic response of a superlattice consisting of lanthanum strontium manganite and strontium titanate. They showed that they could rotate the direction along which the smallest magnetic field is required to magnetize the material by changing the thickness of the layers. This could be useful in devices that are controlled by interaction between electric and magnetic fields. The modulation of interfacial coupling of (La0.67Sr0.33MnO3)n/(SrTiO3)n superlattices with n unit cells of SrTiO3 and n unit cells La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, offers an effective opportunity to control charge transfer and orbital hybridization. The easy axis of magnetic anisotropy rotates ~45° towards the out-of-plane direction from n = 10 to n = 2 at reduced temperature TRe = T/TS = 0.87 (TS is onset of magnetization). Orbital hybridization accompanying the charge transfer results in preferred occupancy of $$3d_{3z_{2} - r_{2}}$$ orbital at the interface, and induces stronger electronic hopping integral and interfacial magnetic anisotropy along perpendicular direction, useful to tailor properties in device applications.
- Published
- 2018
28. Study on mechanisms of different sulfuric acid leaching technologies of chromite
- Author
-
Pei-yang Shi, Cheng-jun Liu, Hao-nan Shi, and Qing Zhao
- Subjects
Materials science ,Chromate conversion coating ,Mechanical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Sulfuric acid ,02 engineering and technology ,Raw material ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Silicate ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Mechanics of Materials ,Oxidizing agent ,Materials Chemistry ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,Chromite ,Mass fraction ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The extraction of chromate from chromite via the sulfuric acid leaching process has strong potential for practical use because it is a simple and environmentally friendly process. This paper aims to study the sulfuric acid leaching process using chromite as a raw material via either microwave irradiation or in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The results show that the main phases in Pakistan chromite are ferrichromspinel, chrompicotite, hortonolite, and silicate embedded around the spinel phases. Compared with the process with an oxidizing agent, the process involving microwaves has a higher leaching efficiency. When the mass fraction of sulfuric acid was 80% and the leaching time was 20 min, the efficiency could exceed 85%. In addition, the mechanisms of these two technologies fundamentally differ. When the leaching was processed in the presence of an oxidizing agent, the silicate was leached first and then expanded. By contrast, in the case of leaching under microwave irradiation, the chromite was dissolved layer by layer and numerous cracks appeared at the particle surface because of thermal shock. In addition, the silicate phase shrunk instead of expanding.
- Published
- 2017
29. Improved performance of Li–Se battery based on a novel dual functional CNTs@graphene/CNTs cathode construction
- Author
-
Cheng-Jun Wu, Ying Tao, Jing Li, Quan-Hong Yang, Lei Zhang, and Chen Zhang
- Subjects
Battery (electricity) ,Materials science ,Graphene ,Diffusion ,Metals and Alloys ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Improved performance ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Electrical conductor ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
A dual functional CNTs@graphene/CNTs cathode for Li–Se battery was constructed by a CNTs@graphene network and a CNTs interlayer. CNTs were first integrated with graphene to form a three-dimensional (3D) framework and work together as a conductive matrix for Se confinement. The optimized composite cathode delivers a high initial capacity of 575 mAh·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1 and good rate capacity with a retained capacity of 479 mAh·g−1 at 2.0 A·g−1 (73% of the capacity at 0.2 A·g−1). CNTs were further served as an interlayer to confine the diffusion of polyselenides by constructing a thin CNTs layer outside the CNTs@graphene network. An improved initial capacity of 616 mAh·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1 is achieved with a retained capacity of 538 mAh·g−1 after 80 cycles, indicating the effective dual function of CNTs in this novel cathode construction and great application potential for Li–Se battery.
- Published
- 2017
30. Spectral invariant subalgebras of reduced groupoid C*-algebras
- Author
-
Cheng Jun Hou
- Subjects
Discrete mathematics ,Pure mathematics ,Applied Mathematics ,General Mathematics ,010102 general mathematics ,Subalgebra ,Cyclic homology ,Hausdorff space ,Length function ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Canonical map ,010307 mathematical physics ,Locally compact space ,0101 mathematics ,Invariant (mathematics) ,Invariant probability measure ,Mathematics - Abstract
We introduce the notion of property (RD) for a locally compact, Hausdorff and r-discrete groupoid G, and show that the set S 2 (G) of rapidly decreasing functions on G with respect to a continuous length function l is a dense spectral invariant and Frechet *-subalgebra of the reduced groupoid C*-algebra C * (G) of G when G has property (RD) with respect to l, so the K-theories of both algebras are isomorphic under inclusion. Each normalized cocycle c on G, together with an invariant probability measure on the unit space G 0 of G, gives rise to a canonical map τ c on the algebra C c (G) of complex continuous functions with compact support on G. We show that the map τ c can be extended continuously to S 2 (G) and plays the same role as an n-trace on C * (G) when G has property (RD) and c is of polynomial growth with respect to l, so the Connes’ fundament paring between the K-theory and the cyclic cohomology gives us the K-theory invariants on C * (G).
- Published
- 2016
31. Conductive MOF electrodes for stable supercapacitors with high areal capacitance
- Author
-
Mircea Dincă, Dennis Sheberla, Cheng-Jun Sun, Yang Shao-Horn, John Christopher Bachman, and Joseph S. Elias
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Solid-state chemistry ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Capacitance ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electrode ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity ,Electrical conductor ,Carbon - Abstract
Using MOFs as active electrodes in electrochemical double layer capacitors has so far proved difficult. An electrically conductive MOF used as an electrode is now shown to exhibit electrochemical performance similar to most carbon-based materials. Owing to their high power density and superior cyclability relative to batteries, electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) have emerged as an important electrical energy storage technology that will play a critical role in the large-scale deployment of intermittent renewable energy sources, smart power grids, and electrical vehicles1,2,3. Because the capacitance and charge–discharge rates of EDLCs scale with surface area and electrical conductivity, respectively, porous carbons such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes and crosslinked or holey graphenes are used exclusively as the active electrode materials in EDLCs4,5,6,7,8,9. One class of materials whose surface area far exceeds that of activated carbons, potentially allowing them to challenge the dominance of carbon electrodes in EDLCs, is metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)10. The high porosity of MOFs, however, is conventionally coupled to very poor electrical conductivity, which has thus far prevented the use of these materials as active electrodes in EDLCs. Here, we show that Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2 (Ni3(HITP)2), a MOF with high electrical conductivity11, can serve as the sole electrode material in an EDLC. This is the first example of a supercapacitor made entirely from neat MOFs as active materials, without conductive additives or other binders. The MOF-based device shows an areal capacitance that exceeds those of most carbon-based materials and capacity retention greater than 90% over 10,000 cycles, in line with commercial devices. Given the established structural and compositional tunability of MOFs, these results herald the advent of a new generation of supercapacitors whose active electrode materials can be tuned rationally, at the molecular level.
- Published
- 2016
32. The latest tectonic magmatism in the Buqingshan–A’nyemaqen tectonic mélange belt: evidence from zircon U–Pb geochronology of intermediate–basic dikes, northern Tibetan Plateau, China
- Author
-
You-Xin Chen, Zuo-Chen Li, Xian-Zhi Pei, Guochao Chen, Rui-Bao Li, Shao-Wei Zhao, Zhanqing Liu, Lei Pei, Meng Wang, and Cheng-Jun Liu
- Subjects
Dike ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Partial melting ,Geochemistry ,Mélange ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Diorite ,Geochronology ,Magmatism ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Mafic ,Geology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Zircon - Abstract
This study focuses on the zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of intermediate–basic dikes from the Buqingshan–A’nyemaqen tectonic melange belt (BTMB) along the southern margin of the East Kunlun orogenic belt (EKOB). Zircons from a diorite dike show oscillatory zoning and relatively high Th/U ratios (0.47–2.43), indicating that they are of magmatic origin. Using LA–ICP–MS, zircons of the diorite dike yield a U–Pb age of 205 ± 1 Ma (MSWD = 0.88), implying that the diorite dikes were formed in the Late Triassic (Rhaetian) and also represented the latest tectonic magmatism in the BTMB. Geochemical analyses show that the rocks have low SiO2 (51.96–59.33 wt%), low Al2O3 (10.49–13.95 wt%), and low alkaline (4.00–5.29 wt.%), and thus belong to the subalkaline magma series. The contents of rare earth elements (REEs) are 80.23–189.19 ppm, with weakly negative to weakly positive Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.50–1.10). The trace element geochemistry is characterized by negative anomalies of Nb, Hf, P, Ti, and Sr and by positive anomalies of Th, La, Nd, Sm, Zr, and Eu. The diorite dikes, the product of a mafic magma formed at high temperature (~ 777 °C), were derived by partial melting of the mantle with possible admixture of crustal material. The intermediate–basic dikes in the BTMB are the products of mantle enriched upward and emplaced along tensional faults in the crustal–relaxation stage after the subduction–collision of the Bayan Har and East Kunlun Blocks during the Late Hercynian–Early Triassic.
- Published
- 2019
33. Metformin attenuates the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and affects intestinal microbiota and barrier in small intestine
- Author
-
Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Richard Kehm, Ina Bergheim, Cheng Jun Jin, Annette Brandt, Anja Baumann, Anika Nier, Victor Sánchez, and Angélica Hernández-Arriaga
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,Inflammation ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ,medicine ,Animals ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Nutrition disorders ,Intestinal Mucosa ,lcsh:Science ,Barrier function ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Lipogenesis ,Fatty liver ,lcsh:R ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Fructose ,Lipid metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Lipid Metabolism ,Small intestine ,Metformin ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Liver ,lcsh:Q ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomarkers ,medicine.drug ,Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Abstract
The antidiabetic drug metformin has been proposed to affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through its effects on intestinal microbiota and barrier function. However, so far most studies focused on long-term effects and more progressed disease stages. The aim of this study was to assess in two experimental settings, if the onset of NAFLD is associated with changes of intestinal microbiota and barrier function and to determine effects of metformin herein. C57Bl/6J mice were fed a liquid control diet (C) or fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (FFC) for four days or six weeks ±300 mg/kg BW/day metformin (Met). Markers of liver health, intestinal barrier function and microbiota composition were assessed. Metformin treatment markedly attenuated FFC-induced NAFLD in both experiments with markers of inflammation and lipidperoxidation in livers of FFC + Met-fed mice being almost at the level of controls. Metformin treatment attenuated the loss of tight junction proteins in small intestine and the increase of bacterial endotoxin levels in portal plasma. Changes of intestinal microbiota found in FFC-fed mice were also significantly blunted in FFC + Met-fed mice. Taken together, protective effects of metformin on the onset of NAFLD are associated with changes of intestinal microbiota composition and lower translocation of bacterial endotoxins.
- Published
- 2019
34. Author Correction: A high-energy and long-cycling lithium–sulfur pouch cell via a macroporous catalytic cathode with double-end binding sites
- Author
-
Cheng-Jun Sun, Zhou Yu, Gui-Liang Xu, Tianshou Zhao, Jun-Tao Li, Xiaobing Zuo, Chen Zhao, Yang Ren, Yuxun Ren, Khalil Amine, Inhui Hwang, Lei Cheng, Leicheng Zhang, Shi-Gang Sun, and Yu-Xue Mo
- Subjects
Materials science ,Inorganic chemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Cathode ,Catalysis ,law.invention ,law ,Pouch cell ,General Materials Science ,Lithium sulfur ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Binding site ,Cycling - Published
- 2020
35. Oral citrulline supplementation protects female mice from the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
- Author
-
Cathrin Sellmann, Anna Janina Engstler, Cheng Jun Jin, Ina Bergheim, and Jean-Pascal De Bandt
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Arginine ,Duodenum ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Protective Agents ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Occludin ,Internal medicine ,Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ,medicine ,Citrulline ,Animals ,Insulin ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,Triglycerides ,Tight Junction Proteins ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Triglyceride ,Body Weight ,Fatty liver ,Alanine Transaminase ,medicine.disease ,Endotoxins ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,Alanine transaminase ,chemistry ,Diet, Western ,Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ,Dietary Supplements ,Zonula Occludens-1 Protein ,biology.protein ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Impairments of intestinal barrier function are discussed as risk factors for the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Studies suggest an association between arginine/citrulline homeostasis and the development of liver damages. Here, the effect of an oral l-citrulline (Cit) supplement on the development of a Western-style diet (WSD)-induced NAFLD was determined in mice. Female 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were either pair-fed a liquid Western-style or control diet (C) ± 2.5 g/kg bodyweight Cit for 6 weeks (C + Cit or WSD + Cit). Indices of liver damage, glucose metabolism, intestinal barrier function and NO synthesis were measured. While bodyweight gain was similar between groups, markers of glucose metabolism like fasting blood glucose and HOMA index and markers of liver damage like hepatic triglyceride levels, number of neutrophils and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protein levels were significantly lower in WSD + Cit-fed mice when compared to WSD-fed mice only. Protein levels of the tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens-1 in duodenum were significantly lower in mice fed a WSD when compared to those fed a WSD + Cit (−~70 and −~60 %, respectively, P
- Published
- 2016
36. Long noncoding RNA GIHCG promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through epigenetically regulating miR-200b/a/429
- Author
-
Yanming Zhou, Binghua Dai, Jiamei Yang, Minfeng Zhang, Cheng-Jun Sui, Weifeng Shen, and Jiongjiong Lu
- Subjects
DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Down-Regulation ,Mice, Nude ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,microRNA ,Histone methylation ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene silencing ,Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ,Gene Silencing ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Genetics (clinical) ,Cell Proliferation ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,Microarray analysis techniques ,Liver Neoplasms ,EZH2 ,Middle Aged ,Survival Analysis ,digestive system diseases ,Long non-coding RNA ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,030104 developmental biology ,Histone ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,DNA methylation ,Disease Progression ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Protein Binding - Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play pivotal roles in a variety of cancers. However, lncRNAs involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation and progression remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified an lncRNA gradually increased during hepatocarcinogenesis (lncRNA-GIHCG) using publicly available microarray data. Our results further revealed that GIHCG is upregulated in HCC tissues in comparison with adjacent non-tumor tissues. High GIHCG expression is correlated with large tumor size, microvascular invasion, advanced BCLC stage, and poor survival of HCC patients. Functional experiments showed that GIHCG promotes HCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and promotes xenografts growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that GIHCG physically associates with EZH2 and the promoter of miR-200b/a/429, recruits EZH2 and DNMT1 to the miR-200b/a/429 promoter regions, upregulates histone H3K27 trimethylation and DNA methylation levels on the miR-200b/a/429 promoter, and dramatically silences miR-200b/a/429 expression. Furthermore, the biological functions of GIHCG on HCC are dependent on the silencing of miR-200b/a/429. Collectively, our results demonstrated the roles and functional mechanisms of GIHCG in HCC, and indicated GIHCG may act as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for HCC. KEY MESSAGE: lncRNA-GIHCG is upregulated in HCC and associated with poor survival of patients. GIHCG significantly promotes tumor growth and metastasis of HCC. GIHCG physically associates with EZH2. GIHCG upregulates H3K27me3 and DNA methylation levels on the miR-200b/a/429 promoter. GIHCG epigenetically silences miR-200b/a/429 expression.
- Published
- 2016
37. Descaling behavior of 430 hot-rolled stainless steel in HCl-based solution
- Author
-
Li-yan Qin, Guang-wei Fan, Pei-yang Shi, Maofa Jiang, Ying-ying Yue, and Cheng-jun Liu
- Subjects
Materials science ,020209 energy ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Oxide ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrochemistry ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Pickling ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Nitrogen oxide ,Dissolution ,Layer (electronics) ,Surface integrity - Abstract
Descaling of hot-rolled stainless steel is generally implemented through pickling process in HNO 3 -HF mixed acids, which induces severe environmental concerns of nitrogen oxide (NO x ) gases and nitrites. According to the electrochemical measurement, the mass loss test and the appearance analysis, a new pickling process which employed HCl-based solution was proposed and evaluated to provide theoretical basis for the development of environment-friendly and highly effective pickling process. Under the experimental condition, the HCl-based solution can compete with ordinary HNO 3 -HF mixed acids in terms of pickling efficiency, surface integrity and the removal of Cr-depleted layer. The descaling process of 430 hot-rolled stainless steel in the HCl-based solution consisted of three steps. The descaling solution penetrated the oxide scales into the underlying metal, dissolving the Cr-depleted layer and part of substrates. The oxide scales peeled off from the stainless steel and a polished and smooth surface was exposed. The descaled stainless steel was dissolved uniformly in the HCl-based solution; therefore, the pickling duration was vital for desired surface integrity. Under the static condition, the appropriate descaling time of 430 hot-rolled stainless steel in HCl-based solution was 400 s.
- Published
- 2016
38. Corrosion Behavior of S450EW Low-alloy Weathering Steel in Cyclically Alternate Corrosion Environments
- Author
-
Maofa Jiang, Pei-yang Shi, Jun-shan Wang, and Cheng-jun Liu
- Subjects
Corrosion potential ,Materials science ,fungi ,Alloy ,Metallurgy ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Metals and Alloys ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Weathering steel ,engineering.material ,Intergranular corrosion ,Corrosion ,Chromium ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Metallic materials ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Corrosion behavior - Abstract
Weathering steel is widely used in various fields due to its excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance. The effect of chromium content on the S450EW weathering steel in cyclic immersion test was studied. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of S450EW weathering steel is closely related to chromium content. The addition of chromium significantly inhibited the weathering steel corrosion. The corrosion rate of experimental steel after 96 h immersion was 1.101 g•m−2•h−1. The rust of S450EW weathering steel was mainly constituted of FeOOH and Fe3O4 phase, and the elevation of chromium content promoted the formation of α-FeOOH. The fine precipitates of the two phases contributed to the formation of dense dust layer of test steel. Furthermore, the increase of chromium is beneficial for the cure of original defects and cracks of the rust layer via the enrichment of chromium. The corrosion potential and the resistance of corrosion process were thus increased, protecting the experimental steel from further corrosion. A S450EW steel with corrosion resistance more than 1.5 times of Q450NQR1 steel was prepared.
- Published
- 2015
39. Effect of deoxidation process on distribution characteristics of inclusions in silicon steel slabs
- Author
-
Qun Sun, Cheng-jun Liu, Mao-fa Jiang, and Zhen Li
- Subjects
Materials science ,Number density ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Deoxidization ,engineering.material ,Casting ,Continuous casting ,Mechanics of Materials ,Scientific method ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Slab ,Inclusion (mineral) ,Electrical steel - Abstract
The cleanness and usability of silicon steel are seriously affected by the type, number, size of the non-metallic inclusions. The evolution behaviors of the type, number, and size of inclusions in the non-oriented silicon steel slabs, which were subjected to different deoxidation processes (Si or Al deoxidation), were systematically investigated by using industrial testing and sampling analysis. The results indicate that the number and size of the inclusions are over larger during the starting-cast stage, and the reasonable cutting length for the first casting slab is 6 m. During steady-casting stage, the main types of the inclusions in Al deoxidization slab are Al2O3, Al2O3-MnS, Al2O3-MgO, Al2O3-AlN and their complex inclusions, and the main types of the inclusions in Si deoxidization slab are Al2O3, SiO2, Al2O3-SiO2 and a small amount of Al2O3-MnS, Al2O3-MgO complex inclusions. The number density and the occupation area fraction of inclusions in Al deoxidization slab are less than that in Si deoxidization slab. However, the stability of slab cleanliness in Al deoxidization process condition is inferior to that in Si deoxidization process condition.
- Published
- 2015
40. Author Correction: Facet-dependent active sites of a single Cu2O particle photocatalyst for CO2 reduction to methanol
- Author
-
Qi Liu, Ian McNulty, Zhonghou Cai, Kah Chun Lau, Cong Liu, Cheng-Jun Sun, Jeffrey R. Guest, Yang Ren, Yuzi Liu, Yimin A. Wu, Larry A. Curtiss, Vojislav R. Stamenkovic, Tijana Rajh, and Arvydas P. Paulikas
- Subjects
Reduction (complexity) ,Facet (geometry) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Materials science ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Photocatalysis ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Particle ,Methanol ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2019
41. Protective effects of aloperine on neonatal rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons injured by oxygen–glucose deprivation and reperfusion
- Author
-
Lin Ma, Cheng-Jun Zhao, Wei Li, Tao Sun, Yu-Xiang Li, Shao-Ju Jin, Yang Niu, Yin-Ju Hao, Juan Du, Jian-Qiang Yu, Ren-Yuan Chang, Kazuo Koike, Ning-Tian Ma, Ru Zhou, and Jie Zheng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Quinolizidines ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Apoptosis ,Hippocampus ,Neuroprotection ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Piperidines ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Viability assay ,Neurons ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Malondialdehyde ,Rats ,Oxygen ,Glucose ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Catalase ,Reperfusion Injury ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine - Abstract
Aloperine (ALO), one of the alkaloids isolated from Sophora alopecuroides L., is traditionally used for various diseases including neuronal disorders. This study investigated the protective effects of ALO on neonatal rat primary-cultured hippocampal neurons injured by oxygen–glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/RP). Treatment with ALO (25, 50, and 100 mg/l) attenuated neuronal damage (p
- Published
- 2015
42. A coupled thermodynamic model for prediction of inclusions precipitation during solidification of heat-resistant steel containing cerium
- Author
-
Yan-dong Li, Chun-long Li, Cheng-jun Liu, and Mao-fa Jiang
- Subjects
Heat resistant ,Materials science ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sulfur ,Oxygen ,Thermodynamic model ,Cerium ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Phase (matter) ,Materials Chemistry ,Inclusion (mineral) - Abstract
A coupled thermodynamic model of inclusions precipitation both in liquid and solid phase and microsegregation of solute elements during solidification of heat-resistant steel containing cerium was established. Then the model was validated by the SEM analysis of the industrial products. The type and amount of inclusions in solidification structure of 253MA heat-resistant steel were predicted by the model, and the valuable results for the inclusions controlling in 253MA steel were obtained. When the cerium addition increases, the types of inclusions transform from SiO2 and MnS to Ce2O3 and Ce2O2S in 253MA steel and the precipitation temperature of SiO2 and MnS decreases. The inclusions CeS and CeN convert to Ce2O3 and Ce2O2S as the oxygen content increases and Ce2O3 and CeN convert to Ce2O2S, Ce3S4, and MnS as the sulfur content increases. The formation temperature of SiO2 increases when the oxygen content increases and the MnS precipitation temperature increases when the sulfur content increases. There is only a small quantity of inclusions containing cerium in 253MA steel with high cleanliness, i. e., low oxygen and sulfur contents. By contrast, a mass of SiO2, MnS and Ce2O2S are formed in steel when the oxygen and sulfur contents are high enough. The condition that MnS precipitates in 253MA steel is 1. 2w[O] + w[S] > 0.01 % and SiO2 precipitates when 2w[O] + w[S] > 0. 017% (w[S] 0.006% (w[S] > 0.005%).
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- 2015
43. Keratin 17 is co-expressed with 14-3-3 sigma in oral carcinoma in situ and squamous cell carcinoma and modulates cell proliferation and size but not cell migration
- Author
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Tatsuya Abé, Toshihiko Mikami, Tadaharu Kobayashi, Cheng Jun, Takanori Kobayashi, Satoshi Maruyama, Akinori Funayama, Susumu Shingaki, Takashi Saku, and Manabu Yamazaki
- Subjects
Small interfering RNA ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Biology ,Keratin 17 ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Keratin ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Gene knockdown ,Keratin-17 ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Cell growth ,Cell migration ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,Cell biology ,stomatognathic diseases ,14-3-3 Proteins ,chemistry ,Cell culture ,Cytoplasm ,Exoribonucleases ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Mouth Neoplasms ,RNA Interference ,Carcinoma in Situ - Abstract
Expression of keratin (K) 13 is replaced with that of K17 when squamous cells of the oral mucosa transform from normal and dysplastic epithelia to carcinoma in situ (CIS) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Since 14-3-3 sigma is functionally associated with K17, we examined possible relationships between expression of K17 and 14-3-3 sigma in oral CIS and SCC tissues by immunohistochemistry. We furthermore examined whether or not K17 expression or knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) modulates the behavior of SCC cells in culture in terms of cell proliferation and migration. In tissue specimens of oral SCC and CIS, the pattern of cytoplasmic expression of 14-3-3 sigma and K17 was similar but neither was expressed in normal or dysplastic epithelia. Both proteins were demonstrated in the cytoplasm of control oral SCC ZK-1 cells, but expression of 14-3-3 sigma changed from cytoplasmic to nuclear upon knockdown of K17. In carcinoma cells, therefore, cytoplasmic localization of 14-3-3 sigma seems to accompany expression of K17. In K17-knockdown cells, proliferation was significantly suppressed at 4 days after seeding. In addition, the cell size of K17-knockdown cells was significantly smaller than that of control cells; as a result of which in the migration experiments, we found delayed closure of scratch wounds but migration as such was not affected. We conclude that K17 expression promotes SCC cell growth and cell size but does not affect cell migration. K17 expression is accompanied by cytoplasmic expression of 14-3-3 sigma, indicative of their functional relationship.
- Published
- 2015
44. Investigation of serum lncRNA-uc003wbd and lncRNA-AF085935 expression profile in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and HBV
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Cheng-Jun Sui, Jiongjiong Lu, Li Geng, Jiamei Yang, Feng Xie, and Weifeng Shen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Hepatitis B, Chronic ,Internal medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Carcinoma ,medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Area under the curve ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Hepatitis B ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Confidence interval ,Long non-coding RNA ,ROC Curve ,Area Under Curve ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Immunology ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Transcriptome ,business - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was among the most common solid tumors which rated third in cancer-related mortality worldwide. Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection represents an important risk factor for HCC. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were a class of newfound non-coding RNAs widely depicted in the genome currently. Nevertheless, the potential roles of them in human cancers were not well comprehended. Through this study, we aimed at exploring the expression profile and the potential clinical value of two lncRNAs (lncRNA-uc003wbd and lncRNA-AF085935) in differentiating HCC from both HBV patients and the healthy specimens. Serum samples were extracted from 104 HBV patients, 137 HCC patients, and 138 healthy controls. The lncRNA levels of all the subjects were assayed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We differentiated the three groups by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of each group. Statistical analyses were conducted by GraphPad software. Two-tailed P value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The level of serum lncRNA-uc003wbd and lncRNA-AF085935 was significantly upregulated in HCC patients and HBV patients compared with that in normal controls. LncRNA-AF085935 showed a relatively higher accuracy for HCC screening (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.96, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.93-0.99) than lncRNA-uc003wbd (AUC = 0.86, 95 % CI = 0.82-0.91) from healthy controls, as well as for HCC screening (AUC = 0.86, 95 % CI = 0.80-0.91) which is more accurate than lncRNA-uc003wbd (AUC = 0.70, 95 % CI = 0.63-0.76) from HBV patients. When differentiating HBV patients from the normal group, the descriptive value of lncRNA-AF085935 (AUC = 0.77, 95 % CI = 0.71-0.83) was almost as equal to lncRNA-uc003wbd (AUC = 0.76, 95 % CI = 0.70-0.82). In addition, higher expressions of lncRNAs were observed in HCC patients than in HBV patients. LncRNA-uc003wbd and lncRNA-AF085935 were observed with an aberrant serum level in HCC and HBV patients, which is showing that both lncRNA-uc003wbd and lncRNA-AF085935 are able to be potential biomarkers for HCC and HBV screening.
- Published
- 2014
45. One-step thermal oxidation synthesis of large-area Mn3O4 nanoflakes at low temperature in air atmosphere
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Bai-Xiong Liu, Ming-Long Zhong, Bin Yang, Hui-Ping Liu, Cheng-Jun Guo, and Hai-Ping Huang
- Subjects
Surface diffusion ,Thermal oxidation ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Metals and Alloys ,Nucleation ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,Manganese ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surface energy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Single-crystalline Mn3O4 nanoflakes were grown on manganese sheets by one-step thermal oxidation process at 360–500 °C in ambient atmosphere. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The nanoflakes with a size of 15–20 nm in thickness, ~60 nm in width, and ~210 nm in length are obtained at 360 °C for 24 h. A surface diffusion mechanism is proposed to explain the growth of manganese oxide nanostructures via thermal oxidation, which includes two steps: manganese oxide (MnO/Mn3O4) layers form firstly, and then Mn3O4 nanostructures grow above the upper metal oxide layer to form multi-layered structures, MnO/Mn3O4/Mn3O4–nanoflakes. The nucleation and growth of Mn3O4 nanostructures are related to the surface energy and different growth rates along different crystal directions, which are controlled by the diffusion of the metal and gas molecule.
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- 2014
46. Effects of insulin resistance on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with CKD stage 1–3
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Cheng-jun Wang, Guo-wei Du, Ma-li Shen, Li-zhen Wang, Xiao-rong Bao, Kai Chen, and Yu Wang
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,Nephrology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blood Pressure ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Left ventricular hypertrophy ,Blood Urea Nitrogen ,Muscle hypertrophy ,Hemoglobins ,Risk Factors ,Chronic kidney disease ,Prevalence ,Homeostasis ,Insulin ,Aged, 80 and over ,Middle Aged ,C-Reactive Protein ,Echocardiography ,Parathyroid Hormone ,Creatinine ,Hypertension ,Cardiology ,Female ,Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Urology ,Renal function ,Phosphates ,Young Adult ,Insulin resistance ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Nephrology - Original Paper ,cardiovascular diseases ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Triglycerides ,Aged ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Cholesterol, LDL ,medicine.disease ,Uric Acid ,Blood pressure ,Calcium ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) existed in patients with early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). But whether insulin resistance (IR) exists in these patients and has some definite relationship with LVH, is unknown. Methods Homeostatic model method was used for detecting homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 336 subjects including 286 patients with early stage CKD and 50 control subjects, and HOMA-IR and other clinical data in all subjects were obtained based on standard methods. Then, the relationship between LVH, IR and other relevant clinical data were analyzed. Results IR and LVH existed in early stage CKD patients. The prevalence of LVH in patients with IR was significantly higher than those without, and patients with LVH had a higher prevalence of IR than those without. The patients with IR or LVH had lower levels of e-GFR, hemoglobin (Hb) and total cholesterol, while higher levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), CRP and systolic blood pressure (SBP). HOMA-IR had positive correlations with left ventricular mass index (LVMI). HOMA-IR and LVMI had positive correlations with BUN, Scr, iPTH and CRP, but negative with e-GFR and Hb. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that e-GFR, FINS, Hb and SBP enter the regression equation. Binary unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the main risk factors for LVH were CKD and IR (P
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- 2014
47. Author Correction: Aqueous Li-ion battery enabled by halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite
- Author
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Oleg Borodin, Singyuk Hou, Xiao Ji, Yingqi Wang, Tingting Qing, Chunsheng Wang, Kang Xu, Ji Chen, Qi Liu, Xujie Lü, Yang Ren, Travis P. Pollard, Cheng-Jun Sun, Chongyin Yang, and Cunming Liu
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,Intercalation (chemistry) ,Analytical chemistry ,Battery (vacuum tube) ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Ion ,Halogen ,Anhydrous ,Graphite ,Chemistry (relationship) ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In Fig. 3e of this Letter, the labels "Br-Cl1" and "Br-Cl2" should read "Br-Br1" and "Br-Br2", respectively. In the Methods section 'Preparation of electrodes', the phrase "anhydrous LiBr/LiCl was replaced by LiBr·H2O (99.95%; Sigma-Aldrich) and LiCl (99.95%; Sigma-Aldrich)" should read "anhydrous LiBr/LiCl was replaced by LiBr·H2O (99.95%; Sigma-Aldrich) and LiCl·H2O (99.95%; Sigma-Aldrich)". These errors have been corrected online.
- Published
- 2019
48. Computation method of magnetic fluid in strong magnetic field
- Author
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Jibin Zou, Shang-Lin Jiang, Cheng-Jun Liu, Jian-Hui Hu, and Meng Zhao
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Classical mechanics ,Materials science ,Computation ,Metallic materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Computational physics ,Magnetic field - Abstract
When the magnetic fluid lays in the magnetic field, interaction effects exist between them. Thus, the precise computation is considered as one of the precise methods of analyzing magnetic fluid in the magnetic field. Comparing with it, the linear computation will bring more error. The more error exists between the decoupled computation and the linear computation, the more saturation magnetization does on the border. Besides, the value of magnetic flux density is bigger when using the decoupled computation than that of linear computation. What’s more, the equal magnetic flux density linear on the border varies slightly in the strong magnetic field when using the two computations. In a weaker magnetic field, the difference is bigger.
- Published
- 2013
49. Physical Simulation of Molten Slag Granulation by Rotary Disk
- Author
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Xue-qing Yu, Jian Huang, Cheng-jun Liu, Yi Min, and Maofa Jiang
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Metals and Alloys ,Mechanical engineering ,Reynolds number ,Mechanics ,Ohnesorge number ,Volumetric flow rate ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Granulation ,symbols.namesake ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Dynamic similarity ,Newtonian fluid ,symbols ,Weber number ,Slag (welding) ,business - Abstract
A physical model of molten slag granulation by rotary disk was developed based on the mechanism of Newtonian liquid granulation. For geometrical similarity, the radius ratio of model disk to the prototype disk was chosen as 1 : 1. For dynamic similarity, equality of Ohnesorge number between the model and the prototype was achieved firstly by compounding rosin and paraffin wax with mass ratio of 1 : 1 as simulation liquid of molten blast furnace (BF) slag, and the simulation material can satisfy the similarity of liquid-solid transformation during falling in the medium; then equality of Reynolds number and Weber number was obtained by controlling the volumetric flow rate and the rotary speed, respectively. Model accuracy was verified by comparing the simulation data with the results reported in literature, which showed good agreement with the calculation results of empirical equation and the actual molten BF slag granulation from the view point of particle size. Furthermore, influences of disk radius, rotary speed and liquid flow rate on granulation were discussed using the developed model, and the Kitamura equation was modified according to the simulation data which can predict particle size more accurately. Using the modified equation, the operation parameters were predicted according to the flow rate of molten industrial BF slag.
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- 2013
50. Preparation and characterization of Cd1−x Zn x S buffer layers for thin film solar cells
- Author
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Jian Li, Tian Wei Zhang, Cheng Jun Zhu, and Chao Zheng Wang
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Materials science ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,Band gap ,business.industry ,Scanning electron microscope ,Metals and Alloys ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Zinc ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Optics ,Semiconductor ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Thin film ,business ,Wurtzite crystal structure ,Chemical bath deposition - Abstract
Cd1−x Zn x S (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 1.0) thin films have been grown successfully on soda-lime glass substrates by chemical bath deposition technique as a very promising buffer layer material for optoelectronic device applications. The composition, structural properties, surface morphology, and optical properties of Cd1−x Zn x S thin films were characterized by energy dispersive analysis of X-ray technique (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis spectrophotometer techniques, respectively. The annealed films were observed to possess the deficient sulfur composition. The results of XRD show that the Cd1−x Zn x S (x = 0.1) thin film annealed at 450 °C forms hexagonal (wurtzite) structure with lattice parameters a = 0.408814 nm, c = 0.666059 nm, and its average grain size is 24.9902 nm. The diffraction peaks become strong with the increasing annealing temperatures. The surface of Cd1−x Zn x S (x = 0.1) thin film annealed at 450 °C is uninterrupted and homogenous as compared to other temperatures. From optical properties, it is observed that the presence of small amount of Zn results in marked changes in the optical band gap of CdS. The band gaps of the Cd1−x Zn x S thin films vary from 2.42 to 3.51 eV as composition varies from x = 0.0 to 1.0. The optical studies in figs reveal that Cd1−x Zn x S thin film annealed at 450 °C shows a high transmittance as a direct-gap semiconductor. The calculated band gap (E g) of the film is about 2.56 eV annealed at 450 °C. This is in close agreement with the reported value (2.49 eV) of Cd0.9Zn0.1S film. Compared to the E g value (2.42 eV) of CdS, the increased E g value is due to the entrance of the element of zinc.
- Published
- 2013
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