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Bike-sharing systems have been popular in addressing the “last mile” problem in public transit. However, service providers have found challenges when soliciting travellers to shift from their private vehicles: more stations do not always mean higher switching by private vehicle users. Considering the possible non-linear relationship between service provision and intention to use, this study utilises the cusp catastrophe model to analyse travellers’ intentions to use a bike-sharing system. The proposed model employs usage intention as the state variable, while switching barriers and accessibility are used as splitting factor and normal factor, respectively. This study measures participants’ usage intentions for two trip purposes and nine accessibility scenarios for CityBike, a public docked bike-sharing system in an Asian city where the majority of travellers use private vehicles. The results support a non-linear relationship between service provision and intention to use with the catastrophe characteristics including divergence, sudden transitions, and hysteresis of usage intention. In particular, travellers with higher switching barriers show a sudden, yet delayed response to improvements in a service only when it reaches a threshold in accessibility (e.g., 100 m away from the station and the lead time for rental within 3 min), whereas those with low switching barriers respond immediately to service improvements. We discuss marketing implications in facilitating switching to docked bike-sharing services among different segments. This research has made theoretical and empirical contributions, by supporting the non-linearity between accessibility and usage intention, along with diverse marketing materials and service provision catering to different usage occasions.

New shipping routes have been proposed to be more efficient than conventional routes, resulting in huge commercial opportunities, while reducing shipping costs and formidable technological challenges. However, few earlier studies have examined the resilience of container lines to evolving shipping networks and new routes. This study thus discusses the important factors affecting operational resilience of container lines and assesses their performance through a fuzzy cognitive map: a semi-quantitative simulation framework which considers interdependencies among factors. The Europe-Far East (E/F) routes are employed as empirical cases, and then the resilience of container lines using the Arctic shipping route, the Thai Kra Canal and the traditional Suez route are simulated and compared. Results indicate that E/F route carriers can improve their operational resilience through a possible future Kra Canal in Thailand, but this would not be the case with Arctic shipping because of the worsening of navigational incidents and other operational deficiencies.

Global environmental changes have led to frequent occurrences of climatic extremes. The increasingly frequent and high-magnitude natural disasters in Taiwan have caused significant mortality, injury, and property damage. In response, there have been requests to improve the capacity to cope with extreme climatic conditions through increased awareness and identification of vulnerability. Disruptions to transportation systems affect the resilience for sustaining daily operations. Among the various types of transportation systems, ports provide substantial employment and industrial activity, contributing to national and regional development. In addition, ports integrate the functions of supply chains such as services in logistics, information, and business, becoming the location of industrial clusters. Therefore, this study examines the risk of port failures from the perspective of vulnerability. Specifically, seven vulnerable factors derived from the extant literature and lessons learned from the previous disaster cases are evaluated using geographic information systems. The results reveal that port capacity and efficiency have a significant effect on port vulnerability in which the efficiency of gantry cranes, labor productivity, free trade zone business volume, and ground access networks play crucial roles in port failure. Moreover, the risks associated with port operation are evaluated by overlapping a hazard map of areas prone to debris flows and tsunami inundation. The risk maps can assist decision makers in understanding the vulnerability and adopting appropriate strategies to minimize disaster risks.