Search

To evaluate the neurovascular bundle preservation grades during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy and compared to the trifecta combined outcome (oncologic control, continence, and sexual function) twelve months after the surgery.Cohort of patients who underwent nerve-sparing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy had the neurovascular bundle preservation retrospectively graded from 0 to 8 according to the Hopkins subjective visual classification. Patients then were divided into two groups, according to the median of nerve-sparing grading: those with score six or high and those with score less than six. Main outcome was the trifecta combined outcome and secondary outcomes was the individual trifecta criteria (prospective analysis). A secondary analysis with groups divided according to pre-operatory SHIM score was made.One hundred robotic-assisted nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy were performed, of which 83 were included. There were 53 patients with grading greater than or equal to six (group 1) and 30 patients less than six (group 2). 66.6% patients (35/53) in group 1 had a trifecta combined outcome of compared to 33.3% (10/30) in group 2 (p = 0.017). Individually, the erectile function was higher in group 1 (73.6%) compared to group 2 (46.7%) (p = 0.014). Both the results of the combined endpoint trifecta and erection were also maintained in the group with preoperative SHIM ≥ 17.The grading of preservation of the neurovascular bundle in radical prostatectomy is related to a better combined trifecta outcome one year after surgery.

ZusammenfassungDigitale Medien haben mittlerweile einen festen Platz im Alltag von Schülerinnen und Schülern. Sie dienen nicht nur der Vermittlung von Lehrinhalten, sondern werden zunehmend auch für das Erbringen von Leistungsnachweisen und zur Diagnostik eingesetzt. Für die Durchführung und Auswertung etablierter Testverfahren zur Erfassung schulischer Leistungen wäre es wünschenswert, wenn sie in einem digitalen Format vorliegen. Aber sind diese Testleistungen vergleichbar? Um dies zu prüfen, wurden verbreitete Papier- und Bleistift-Testverfahren zur Erfassung der Lesegenauigkeit (Verlaufsdiagnostik sinnerfassenden Lesens, VSL), Dekodiergeschwindigkeit (Würzburger Leise Leseprobe – Revision, WLLP-R) und Rechtschreibung (Weingartener Grundwortschatz Rechtschreib-Test, WRT 3+/4+) digitalisiert und in eine kindgerechte Rahmengeschichte eingebettet. Insgesamt führten 237 Kinder der dritten und vierten Klassenstufe aus Bayern und Hessen die Testverfahren zuerst in digitaler Version (via App am Tablet oder Smartphone) und danach als Papier-und-Bleistift-Version durch. Es zeigt sich ein hoher Zusammenhang zwischen den Testleistungen der beiden Testformate, der unterschiedliche Interpretationen zulässt. Chancen und Grenzen digitalisierter Leistungstests werden diskutiert.

Background In implant prosthetic dentistry, the adhesive connection of individualized ceramic crowns and prefabricated titanium bases leads to several benefits. However, the durability of the bonding could be a weak point and especially depends on sufficient surface pretreatment. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is a pretreatment method that should improve the surface properties without physical damage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of CAP treatment on pull-off tensile load in two-piece abutment crowns. Methods Eighty zirconia crowns and titanium bases were divided into eight groups (n = 10) according to their surface pretreatment prior to cementation with Panavia V5: no treatment (A); sandblasting (B); 10-MDP primer (C); sandblasting and primer (D); CAP (AP); sandblasting and CAP (BP); CAP and primer (CP); sandblasting, CAP and primer (DP). The specimens were thermocycled (5°/55°, 5000 cycles), and then the pull-off tensile load (TL) was measured. Statistical analyses were performed using three-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc and Fisher’s exact tests. Results The results showed that the TL was highest in group D (p Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, CAP treatment cannot be recommended in this specific field of indication due to its unreliable influence on TL in combination with other pretreatment methods.

Purpose An experimental approach was designed to measure the preload force, the coefficient of friction and the component of the tightening torque that is needed to surmount the thread-friction in an implant–abutment–screw complex that includes a carbon-coated screw. With the determined preload values the coefficient of friction was calculated. Methods 25 unused complexes, containing an implant, an abutment and a carbon-coated titanium alloy abutment screw, were tested. A custom load frame with two load cells and associated electronics was used. The threads were not lubricated. All abutment screws were torqued ten times to 25 Ncm. The produced preload values and a force that was proportional to the thread-friction component of the tightening torque were recorded. Results Mean preload values decreased significantly with the number of repetitions (p Conclusions In the investigated implant–abutment units, repeated use of a coated abutment screw appears to increase the friction of the screw head and thereby decrease the preload. These results indicate that a pre-used coated implant–abutment–screw will fail reaching optimal screw preload. Graphical abstract

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a strong interest in forecasts of the short-term development of epidemiological indicators to inform decision makers. In this study we evaluate probabilistic real-time predictions of confirmed cases and deaths from COVID-19 in Germany and Poland for the period from January through April 2021.MethodsWe evaluate probabilistic real-time predictions of confirmed cases and deaths from COVID-19 in Germany and Poland. These were issued by 15 different forecasting models, run by independent research teams. Moreover, we study the performance of combined ensemble forecasts. Evaluation of probabilistic forecasts is based on proper scoring rules, along with interval coverage proportions to assess forecast calibration. The presented work is part of a pre-registered evaluation study and covers the period from January through April 2021.ResultsWe find that many, though not all, models outperform a simple baseline model up to four weeks ahead for the considered targets. Ensemble methods (i.e., combinations of different available forecasts) show very good relative performance. The addressed time period is characterized by rather stable non-pharmaceutical interventions in both countries, making short-term predictions more straightforward than in previous periods. However, major trend changes in reported cases, like the rebound in cases due to the rise of the B.1.1.7 (alpha) variant in March 2021, prove challenging to predict.ConclusionsMulti-model approaches can help to improve the performance of epidemiological forecasts. However, while death numbers can be predicted with some success based on current case and hospitalization data, predictability of case numbers remains low beyond quite short time horizons. Additional data sources including sequencing and mobility data, which were not extensively used in the present study, may help to improve performance.Plain language summaryThe goal of this study is to assess the quality of forecasts of weekly case and death numbers of COVID-19 in Germany and Poland during the period of January through April 2021. We focus on real-time forecasts at time horizons of one and two weeks ahead created by fourteen independent teams. Forecasts are systematically evaluated taking uncertainty ranges of predictions into account. We find that combining different forecasts into ensembles can improve the quality of predictions, but especially case numbers proved very challenging to predict beyond quite short time windows. Additional data sources, in particular genetic sequencing data, may help to improve forecasts in the future.

We demonstrate excitation of photosensitisers (PSs) by accelerated protons to produce fluorescence and singlet oxygen. Their fluorescence follows a pattern similar to the proton energy loss in matter, while proton-derived fluorescence spectra match the photon-induced spectra. PSs excited in dry gelatin exhibit enhanced phosphorescence, suggesting an efficient PSs triplet state population. Singlet oxygen measurements, both optically at ~1270 nm and through the photoproduct of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), demonstrate cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation by proton excitation. The singlet oxygen-specific scavenger 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) abrogates the photoproduct formation under proton excitation, but cannot countermand the overall loss of PpIX fluorescence. Furthermore, in two cell lines, M059K and T98G, we observe differential cell death upon the addition of the PS cercosporin, while in U87 cells we see no effect at any proton irradiation dose. Our results pave the way for a novel treatment combining proton therapy and "proton-dynamic therapy" for more efficient tumour eradication.

Gasoline particulate filters (GPF) recently entered the market and are already regarded as state-of-the-art for gasoline exhaust aftertreatment systems to enable EU6d-TEMP fulfillment and beyond. Due to its rapid market introduction, the field of GPF lifetime evaluation is still open for research. In this context, the paper describes the advantages of a method for accelerated investigation of filter ash loading during the development of particulate filters. The central task is the simulation of real-world lubrication oil consumption and combustion, which is the major source of ash in the exhaust gases. For that purpose, a burner test bench designed for catalyst aging was additionally equipped with an oil injection unit. The injection unit enables control of the oil volume and the droplet sizes as precursors for the ash particulates. The results obtained with the new filter aging method are compared with data from vehicle endurance runs and with burner test investigations in which the fuel is doped with oil. The latter method is currently considered as the state-of-the-art method for accelerated ash generation. The new method proofed to be vehicle-equivalent in terms of ash-induced backpressure, filtration efficiency, wall ash layer formation, and wall/plug ash ratio. In this context, it turned out that it is important not to atomize the oil droplets too far, since smallest particulates accumulate mainly at the walls and cause unrealistically high backpressures. Furthermore, the ash loading process should include different mass flows in order to achieve stable backpressure results.

Disease modelling has had considerable policy impact during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and it is increasingly acknowledged that combining multiple models can improve the reliability of outputs. Here we report insights from ten weeks of collaborative short-term forecasting of COVID-19 in Germany and Poland (12 October-19 December 2020). The study period covers the onset of the second wave in both countries, with tightening non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and subsequently a decay (Poland) or plateau and renewed increase (Germany) in reported cases. Thirteen independent teams provided probabilistic real-time forecasts of COVID-19 cases and deaths. These were reported for lead times of one to four weeks, with evaluation focused on one- and two-week horizons, which are less affected by changing NPIs. Heterogeneity between forecasts was considerable both in terms of point predictions and forecast spread. Ensemble forecasts showed good relative performance, in particular in terms of coverage, but did not clearly dominate single-model predictions. The study was preregistered and will be followed up in future phases of the pandemic.

The effects of cover crop management on the carpogenic germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia and stem rot disease of soybean were investigated during three seasons (2008/2009 to 2010/2011) in a commercial farm of Goias State, Brazil. Congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) annually grown during the fall at different densities (150, 300, 450 and 600 units of pure live seeds) was evaluated as cover crop and compared with a spontaneous weeds treatment. The germination of sclerotia was evaluated during cover crop growth in the spring season and in the summer, during soybean flowering. In general, apothecia density, disease incidence and disease severity index assessed at the 5.2 and 5.5 stages decreased with the increase of cover crop density. Trichoderma harzianum doses did not affect disease variables Soybean yield was not affected by any treatment. Principal component analysis clustered grass-soybean treatments apart from the spontaneous weeds-soybean sequence in all seasons. Carpogenic germination under the Congo grass canopy was negatively associated with apothecia density and disease during soybean growth. Mulching with Congo grass stimulates early carpogenic germination of S. sclerotiorum, enhancing soil disinfestation rather quickly. Adjustments in soybean crop stand are suggested to match improved disease management with higher soybean yields.

3,5-Di(hetero)aryl-substituted isoxazoles can be rapidly synthesized in a one-pot fashion by a consecutive three-component alkynylation–cyclization sequence starting from (hetero)aroyl chloride, alkynes, and sodium azide/acetic acid under copper-free palladium catalysis as exemplified by 9 different products.

Zusammenfassung Seit seiner Entstehung zeichnet sich das Genre des Zombie-Films durch eine kulturreflexive Komponente aus, die politische Entwicklungen kritisch begleitet. Abseits dieser gesellschaftskritischen Traditionslinie wird in der TV-Serie The Walking Dead eine weitere Ebene der Reflexion eingefuhrt. Auch wenn hier viele der asthetischen und narrativen Traditionen des Zombie-Genres aufgegriffen werden, ermoglicht der Seriencharakter einen vertiefenden Blick der Charaktere im Angesicht des apokalyptischen Zerfalls von personalen, familiaren und gesellschaftlichen Gewissheiten und Wertestrukturen. Am deutlichsten wird diese Verunsicherung angesichts des Umganges mit dem Tod. Damit reflektiert die Serie auch die zunehmende reale Aushebelung der Gewissheit des Todes durch die Lebenswissenschaften ab den 1960er-Jahren. Die Auspragungen und Folgen dieses Diskurses werden in The Walking Dead in Form einer Negation biologischer Gewissheiten dramatisch zugespitzt. Somit bietet die Serie nicht nur ein kritisch-reflexives Medium auf die im Umlauf befindlichen Diskurselemente, sondern sie fugt auch neue Perspektiven auf den Tod in der Gesellschaft hinzu.

Die Verwendung von Wachs zur Herstellung von Plastiken besitzt eine bis in das Altertum zuruckreichende Tradition. Seit der Renaissance kommt eine medizinisch exakte bildnerische Darstellung hinzu. Die breite Anwendung von Wachsabformungen setzt bedingt durch eine neue Sichtweise naturhistorischer Zusammenhange in Folge der Aufklarung ab dem 19. Jahrhundert ein und wird besonders durch die sich entwickelnden Spezialdisziplinen der Medizin genutzt.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) comprises different domains of physical, mental, and social well-being. In this analysis, we focus on sexual quality of life in Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients. Methods: Four-thousand one-hundred and sixty patients enroled in the HD10–HD12 trials underwent HRQoL assessment. Instruments included the Quality of Life Questionnaire for survivors (QLQ-S), combining the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30, Multidimensional fatigue (FA) inventory (MFI-20) and an additional sexual functioning (SX) scale. We describe SX up to 27 months after therapy and analyse relationship to stage, age, gender, FA, social functioning, and therapy. Statistical methods range from descriptive statistics to a classification of SX courses, and a longitudinal structural equations model with full information maximum likelihood estimation of missing data. In the analysis, a score below 50 was used to describe severe sexual dysfunction. Results: Three-thousand two-hundred and eight patients provided data on SX. Patients in advanced stages reported lower SX than patients in early stages both, before and after the treatment. During follow-up, an improvement of SX compared with baseline was detected, except for those ⩾50 years. Patients in early stages reached normal SX, whereas advanced-stage patients remained below the reference value for healthy controls. Sexual functioning during follow-up was significantly and strongly related to previous SX, other HRQoL measures, age, and stage, and to lesser degree with gender and chemotherapy. Conclusion: Overall, HL patients have a decreased sexual quality of life at baseline, which improves after therapy and normalises in early-stage patients. Importantly, long-term SX is more closely related to patient characteristics and SX at baseline than to the intensity of treatment.

Anfangs des 20. Jahrhunderts gab es in Westeuropa und den USA ein gesteigertes allgemeines Interesse an der Bekampfung der Geschlechtskrankheiten. Die Infektion von Kindern mit Geschlechtskrankheiten wurde zwar ebenso registriert, blieb v. a. in den Erklarungen fur die Infektion von Kindern opak. Der Artikel untersucht anhand einer Analyse der medizinischen Diskurse die Erklarungsmuster fur die Gonorrhoinfektion von Kindern. Obwohl die Gonorrho nur durch sexuelle Kontakte ubertragen werden kann, wurde Kindesmissbrauch als Erklarungsmuster entweder durch das Muster der Infektion durch fehlende Hygiene verdrangt oder im Falle der Anerkennung des Missbrauchs verharmlosend dargestellt.

Uber die unmittelbaren Folgen sexueller Missbrauchserfahrungen in der Kindheit hinaus werden in der Forschung seit Jahrzehnten auch langfristige Effekte thematisiert. Der Beitrag gibt – gestutzt v. a. auf Reviews und Metaanalysen – einen Uberblick zur Befundlage. Langerfristige Folgen sexuellen Missbrauchs werden im Hinblick auf eine Vielzahl somatischer, emotionaler, kognitiver, behavioraler und sozialer Merkmale analysiert. Weitere Forschungsfragen betreffen die interindividuelle Variabilitat langfristiger Effekte und die Determinanten der Art, Schwere, Dauerhaftigkeit und des Verlaufs von Folgen sexuellen Kindesmissbrauchs. Typische Forschungsprobleme, die sich im Hinblick auf eine Zuordnung in Opferpopulationen nachweisbarer Symptome zu einer langere Zeit zuruckliegenden Erfahrung ergeben, werden angesprochen.

Massenmedien haben eine subtile Offentlichkeitswirkung auf ein Millionenpublikum und dienen uber die Zeitlaufe der Einubung sozialer Verhaltensweisen. Daher gebuhrt ihnen sicherlich eine kritische Analyse. Im Nationalsozialismus wurde z. B. ein ausgeklugeltes System von neuen Medien wie Film, Rundfunk und auch Fernsehen zur Verbreitung der – mehr oder weniger – subtilen staatlichen Propaganda angeboten. Zwar wurde nach 1945 ein groser Teil von Filmen, die wahrend 1933 und 1945 gedreht wurde, verboten, dieses Verbot aber in den 1950er Jahren auf eine kleinere Zahl von „Vorbehaltsfilmen“ eingeengt. Doch sollten auch die heute nicht mehr zensierten Filme einer genaueren wissenschaftlichen Analyse unterworfen werden.

The low-lying states in the odd-odd and unstable isotopes 106, 108In have been Coulomb excited from the ground state and the first excited isomeric state at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. With the additional data provided here the $ \pi$ g 9/2 -1 ⊗ $ \nu$ d 5/2 and $ \pi$ g 9/2 -1 ⊗ $ \nu$ g 7/2 multiplets have been re-analyzed and are modified compared to previous results. The observed $ \gamma$ -ray de-excitation patterns were interpreted within a shell model calculation based on a realistic effective interaction. The agreement between theory and experiment is satisfactory and the calculations reproduce the observed differences in the excitation pattern of the two isotopes. The calculations exclude a 6+ ground state in 106In . This is in agreement with the conclusions drawn using other techniques. Furthermore, based on the experimental results, it is also concluded that the ordering of the isomeric and ground state in 108In is inverted compared to the shell model prediction. Limits on B(E2) values have been extracted where possible. A previously unknown low-lying state at 367keV in 106In is also reported.

Bill Didusch war einer der einflussreichsten Illustratoren der amerikanischen Urologie. Seine Biographie ist neben seinen kunstlerischen Leistungen insbesondere wegen seines Engagements in der und fur die „American Urological Association“ (AUA) von groser Bedeutung. Er ist der Grunder des historischen Museums der AUA, das heute seinen Namen tragt. Der Aufsatz zeichnet den Lebensweg Diduschs nach und hebt besonders dessen Bedeutung fur die amerikanische Urologie und die Entwicklung der urologiespezifischen Illustration hervor.

Three low-lying 8+ states have been identified in 192Pb . A newly observed cascade of $ \gamma$ -rays built directly on the 8+ 1 state is compared to the previously identified, weakly rotational band above the 11- $ \pi$ i 13/2 , h 9/2 isomer in the same nucleus, and to analogous structures in 194Pb . The similarity of all four structures lends support to the suggestion that the 8+ 1 configurations are of a similar oblate deformation to the 11- isomers. The excitation energies of all three 8+ states in 192Pb and 190Pb are compared to systematics. The possibility that one of the 8+ states in 192Pb is associated with a prolate shape is discounted.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the interobserver variability of modified Ferriman–Gallwey (mFG) hirsutism scores on each body area in a Turkish population. A cross-sectional study of simultaneous mFG scoring design was used. Observers did not make any interview with the subjects and were masked to the previous score results. Analyses included percentage of agreement, kappa coefficients, the Bland and Altman plot, confidence intervals, minimum and maximum kappa coefficients. The study was performed at a teaching and research hospital. Hundred and twenty-one Turkish women without any complaints of excessive body hair were studied. Interventions included two special trained physicians, simultaneous and independent mFG scoring. The main outcome measures were mFG scores in each body area. Agreement analysis demonstrated that the scores of the two physicians were quite concordant. The mean kappa value for nine body area was 0.744 and the highest kappa values from the upper back and the lowest kappa values from the upper lip revealed к = 0.847, к = 0.585, respectively. The highest (upper lip) and the lowest (arm) mean range scores for the two researchers among the 9 areas were 1.46–1.55 and 0.17–0.12, respectively. Only 68.6 and 67.8% of the mFG scores observed by each of the two observers were equal or below 8. The mFG scoring system was found to be clinically useful. The upper lip was observed to have the highest score of androgen sensitive area of the body as well as the highest interobserver variability. The cut-off value to establish the diagnosis of hirsutism should be population-specific.

The high-spin states in Nd-141 were investigated using the Zr-96(Ca-48, 3n) reaction and the EU-ROBALL array. The level scheme has been extended up to an excitation energy of around 16MeV and spin 81/2. Two new bands of dipole transitions and three bands presumably of quadrupole transitions were identified and their connections to low-lying states were established. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky and tilted axis cranking calculations are combined in the interpretation of the observed dipole bands. The high-spin bands with assigned quadrupole transitions are interpreted as triaxial bands, while the dipole bands appear in the calculations to exhibit a shape evolution from low-deformation triaxial to spherical shape. They can be classified as magnetic rotation, with transition probabilities that show the characteristic decrease with angular momentum caused by the shears mechanism.

Submitted to European Physical Journal A - Expérience GANIL; The odd-Z isotope 255Lr, its daughter 251Md and grand-daughter 247Es were studied in two experiments performed at GANIL and the University of Jyväskylä. The 255Lr nuclei were produced using the cold fusion-evaporation reaction 209Bi(48Ca, 2n)255Lr at a bombarding energy of 217MeV. The single-particle structure and decay properties were investigated using α, γ and electron spectroscopy. The ground-state spin and parity could be assigned for 255Lr (1/2-) and 251Md (7/2-). States corresponding to the 7/2+[633], 7/2-[514] and 1/2-[521] Nilsson orbitals were observed. Results are compared to experimental data obtained in neighbouring isotopes and to Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations using the Skyrme interaction SLy4 and a density-dependent pairing interaction. The position of the 1/2-[521] orbital from the spherical 2f5/2 shell is discussed.

A study on the underresearched topic of elderly sexual victimization combined multiple data sources: German police crime statistics, 122 public prosecutor files on sexual victimization of people above age 60, survey data from 76 institutions assisting victims of sexual violence/domestic violence, in-depth interviews with 22 practitioners who had worked with sexually victimized elderly. The study shows that few cases of sexual victimization in old age are known to law enforcement agencies or victim services. Offences dealt with by the criminal justice system differ significantly from those known to battered women's shelters and victim services. The majority of incidents prosecuted by the criminal justice system are hands-off offences; hands-on offences are typically single incidents committed by strangers or loose acquaintances of the victim. Battered women's shelters and institutions of victim assistance are confronted with severe forms of sexual violence in intimate relationships, the prototypical case being an older woman who is repeatedly victimized by her husband over a considerable period of time and within a relationship characterized by a comprehensive system of violence, humiliation, and control (corresponding to Johnson's concept of intimate terrorism). The study demonstrates how small numbers of recorded cases of sexual violence in old age may reflect age-specific detection rates. It provides evidence on older victims' help-seeking behavior and on ways to improve victim services.

Evidence for the decay of non-yrast states in 254No has been observed for the first time in an experiment performed at the University of Jyvaskyla. The experiment employed the JUROGAM array of germanium detectors coupled to the gas-filled recoil separator RITU and the focal-plane spectrometer GREAT. The ground-state rotational band has been tentatively extended up to a spin of 24ℏ and has a smoothly behaving dynamical moment of inertia. It is speculated that the observation of high-energy γ-rays is due to the decay of a K = 3 band-head state.

A new superdeformed band, identified in data from the24Mg+173Yb reaction, is assigned to192Pb on the basis of excitation function and coincidence results. Properties of this band are discussed briefly, and compared to the superdeformed bands known in other Pb nuclei.

The main task of a federally funded model project in the German city of Hannover was to develop approaches for prevention and intervention in the field of domestic elder abuse. Over a three year period (1998-2001), different approaches--like a telephone helpline for senior citizens, and social workers operating as counsellors for elderly people and their relatives--were tested at a local level. The paper presents results from the evaluation of the project and draws conclusions for future prevention and intervention in the field. The authors argue that the explicit use of the conceptual framework of "violence"/"abuse" creates potentials for scandalizing the issue and is therefore supportive for media appearance, whereas it can impede the approach to the main target groups (elderly people and their relatives) and reduce accessibility of counselling services for potential clients. In the light of evaluation results the focus of the project ("domestic elder abuse" or "violence against elderly people in close relationships") was too narrow for a local project. Counselling services were used in a relatively small number of cases; analyses of cases show that incidents of domestic elder abuse are often embedded in complex problem constellations. Cases brought to the attention of the model project were multifaceted and not limited to incidents of neglect and abuse of elderly care recipients caused by caregiver overload. Cases of intimate violence in partnerships and of intergenerational violence without any of the participants being dependent on care show the need to develop a broader concept of domestic elder abuse. Integration of the concepts of domestic violence, violence against women, elder abuse/neglect and abuse/neglect in caregiving relationships is necessary on a conceptual level as well as on the level of interagency cooperation of institutions dealing with cases of "elder abuse".

The collective structures of 131Cs have been investigated by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques following the 124Sn (^11B , 4n) reaction at a beam energy Elab = 57MeV. The previously established rotational bands, built on πg7/2, πd5/2 and the unique-parity πh11/2 orbitals, have been extended and evolve into new bands involving rotationally aligned ν(h11/2)2 and π(h11/2)2 quasiparticles. In addition, a new multiquasiparticle band based on the πg7/2 ⊗ νg7/2 ⊗ νh11/2 configuration has also been observed. Theoretical interpretations for the assigned configurations are discussed in the framework of Total Routhian Surface (TRS) and Tilted Axis Cranking (TAC) model calculations. TAC model calculations predict a decrease in the B(M1) values with increasing rotational frequency for the πg7/2/πd5/2 ⊗ ν(h11/2)2 and πh11/2 ⊗ ν(h11/2)2 bands, thus indicating a magnetic rotation character for these bands.

Prompt and delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy of very neutron-deficient bismuth isotopes 187, 189Bi has been performed using the recoil decay tagging method. A rotational band has been observed in 189Bi and is interpreted as a complete decoupling of a single proton from the deformed lead core. The results for 187Bi suggest a similar structure and coupling scheme. This study gives the first evidence for a prolate band in a light bismuth nucleus and confirms the prolate character of the low-lying rotational band observed in the core nuclei 188Pb and 186Pb.

Superdeformed bands in 88Mo and 89Tc were populated using 40Ca-induced fusion-evaporation reactions on 58Ni at a beam energy of 185MeV. Gamma-rays emitted in the reactions were detected using the Gammasphere spectrometer, in coincidence with charged particles detected by the Microball array. A new superdeformed band was assigned to the nucleus 88Mo, leading to a revisit of earlier configuration assignments for superdeformed structures in this nucleus. In particular, the theoretical interpretation of a pair of identical (isospectral) superdeformed bands in 88Mo/89Tc is discussed. The configurations that are assigned to the four SD bands belonging to 88Mo have properties that are predicted to be significantly affected by pair correlations.