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Device-to-device (D2D) communication is an emerging technology for improving cellular networks, which plays an important role in realizing Internet of Things (IoT). The spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency and throughput of network can be enhanced by the cooperation among multiple D2D users in a self-organized method. In order to limit the interference of D2D users and load off the energy consumption of D2D users without decreasing communication quality, an interference-limited multi-user cooperation scheme is proposed for multiple D2D users to solve the energy problem and the interference problem in this paper. Multiple D2D users use non-orthogonal spectrums to form clusters by self-organized method. Multiple D2D users are divided into different cooperative units. There is no interference among different cooperative units so as to limit the interference of each D2D user in cooperative units. When the link capacity cannot meet the requirements of the user rate, it will produce an interrupt event. In order to evaluate the communication quality, the outrage probability of D2D link is derived by considering link delay threshold, data rate and interference. Besides the energy availability and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each D2D user, the distance between D2D users is considered when selecting the relaying D2D users so as to enhance the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of D2D receiving users. Combining the derived outrage probability, the relationships among the average link delay threshold, the efficiency of energy and the efficiency of capacity are studied. The simulation results show that the interference-limited multiple D2D users cooperation scheme can not only help to offload energy consumption and limit the interference of D2D users, but also enhance the efficiency of energy and the efficiency of capacity.