18 results on '"Huajun Fang"'
Search Results
2. Functional Soil Organic Matter Fractions, Microbial Community, and Enzyme Activities in a Mollisol Under 35 Years Manure and Mineral Fertilization
- Author
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Minggang Xu, Yilai Lou, Fan Yang, Huajun Fang, Jing Tian, Yakov Kuzyakov, Yang Gao, and Baoku Zhou
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0106 biological sciences ,Chemistry ,Soil organic matter ,Soil Science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,Soil carbon ,01 natural sciences ,Manure ,Soil quality ,Human fertilization ,Microbial population biology ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Composition (visual arts) ,Mollisol ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Fertilization is a worldwide practice to maintain and increase crop productivity and improve soil quality in agricultural ecosystems. The interactive mechanisms of long-term fertilization affecting the functional soil organic matter (SOM) fractions, microbial community, and enzyme activities are unclear. We investigated the effects of manure and mineral fertilization on six SOM fractions (non-protected, physically, chemically, biochemically, physical-chemically, and physical-biochemically protected), microbial community structure, and enzyme activities based on a 35-year fertilization experiment. The combined application of manure and mineral fertilizers (NPKM) increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the biochemically (28.6–43.9%) and physically (108–229%) protected fractions, compared to their content in the unfertilized soil (CK). The total phospholipid fatty acid content, Gram(−) bacteria, and actinomycetes, as well as the activities of α-1,4-glucosidase, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-1,4-xylosidase, and cellobiohydrolase were highest under NPKM fertilization. The protected SOM fractions (physical, biochemical, physical-chemical, and physical-biochemical) were closely related to microbial community composition (accounting for 67.6% of the variance). Bacteria were sensitive to changes in the physically and biochemically protected fractions, whereas fungi responded more to the changes in the chemically protected fraction. In summary, long-term mineral and organic fertilization has a strong effect on microbial communities and activities through the changes in the functional SOM fractions.
- Published
- 2019
3. Sorption of 17β-estradiol to the dissolved organic matter from animal wastes: effects of composting and the role of fulvic acid-like aggregates
- Author
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Jiaxing Li, Huajun Fang, Njud S. Alharbi, Xingrun Wang, Xia Liu, Yanxia Li, Fengsong Zhang, and Linsheng Yang
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,Hydrophobic effect ,Soil ,Dissolved organic carbon ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ecotoxicology ,Benzopyrans ,Chemical composition ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Estradiol ,Composting ,fungi ,Estrogens ,Sorption ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Manure ,Carbon ,020801 environmental engineering ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Composition (visual arts) ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions - Abstract
Steroid estrogens, such as 17β-estradiol (E2), in animal manure pose a potential threat to the aquatic environment. The transport and estrogenicity of estrogens influence the sorption of estrogens to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in animal manure, and composting treatment alters the structure and composition of the manure. The objectives of the present study were to identify the contribution of the molecular composition of DOM of composted manure to the sorption of E2 and then elucidate the dominant mechanisms involved in the interaction of E2 with manure-derived DOM. The excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectra and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that composting significantly altered the chemical composition and structure of DOM. A decrease in the atomic ratios of oxygen (O)/carbon (C) occurred in conjunction with the formation of DOM aggregates in the composted manure, indicating that the hydrophilicity and polarity of the DOM decreased after composting. Composting increased the sorption coefficients (KDOC-E2) for E2 to DOM, and KDOC-E2 was positively correlated with the proportion of the fulvic acid (FA)-like fraction and molecular weight (MW) fractions of the DOM (range of 1.0 × 103–7.0 × 103 Da and 7.0 × 103–1.4 × 104 Da). Specifically, E2 showed a tendency for sorption to medium-sized FA-like molecules of DOM aggregates in composted manure. Hydrophobic forces and π-π binding appeared to be the main mechanisms underlying the aforementioned interaction.
- Published
- 2018
4. Threshold responses of soil organic carbon concentration and composition to multi-level nitrogen addition in a temperate needle-broadleaved forest
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Huajun Fang, Shulan Cheng, and Guirui Yu
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Total organic carbon ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Soil test ,Chemistry ,Soil organic matter ,Temperate forest ,Soil chemistry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Soil carbon ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental Chemistry ,Water content ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling and C budget in forest ecosystems to elevated nitrogen (N) deposition are divergent. Little is known about the N critical loads for the shift between gain and loss of SOC storage in the old-growth temperate forest of Northeast China. The objective of this study was to investigate the nonlinear responses of SOC concentration and composition to multiple rates of N addition, as well as the microbial mechanisms responsible for SOC alteration under N enrichment. Nine rates of urea addition (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 kg N ha−1 year−1) with 4 replicates for each treatment were conducted. Soil samples in the 0–10 cm mineral layer were taken after 3 years of N fertilization. Soil aggregate size distribution and SOC physical fractionation were performed to examine SOC dynamics. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) technique was used to measure the abundance and structure of microbial community. Three years of N addition led to significant increases in the concentrations of soil particulate organic C and aggregate-associated organic C fractions only. The responses of total N and each labile SOC fraction to the rates of N addition followed Gaussian equations, with the N critical loads being estimated to be between 80 and 100 kg N ha−1 year−1. The change in SOC concentration (ΔSOC) was positively correlated with the changes in aggregate associated OC (r2 > 0.80) and POC concentrations (r2 > 0.50). Significant correlations among the concentrations of labile SOC fractions, the percentages of soil aggregates, and the abundances of microbial PLFAs were observed, which implies a close linkage between microbial community structure and SOC accumulation and stability. Our results suggest that increase in soil moisture and shift of microbial community structure could control the critical N load for the switch between C accumulation and loss. The current N deposition rate (~ 11 kg N ha−1 year−1) to the northeast China’s forests is favorable for soil C accumulation over the short term.
- Published
- 2017
5. Response of soil organic matter fractions and composition of microbial community to long-term organic and mineral fertilization
- Author
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Huajun Fang, Shutang Liu, Yilai Lou, Jing Tian, Minggang Xu, Evgenia Blagodatskaya, Yakov Kuzyakov, and Yang Gao
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Particulate organic matter ,Chemistry ,Soil organic matter ,Soil biology ,Soil Science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,Manure ,Mineral fertilization ,Human fertilization ,Agronomy ,Microbial population biology ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Composition (visual arts) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The effects of organic and mineral fertilization on four soil organic matter (SOM) fractions (non-protected, physically protected, chemically protected, and biochemically protected) and microbial community composition were investigated by sampling soil of a 35-year-long fertilization experiment. The SOM fractions were investigated by combined physical and chemical approaches, while microbial community composition was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Organic C (SOC) was primarily distributed within the microaggregate-protected particulate organic matter (iPOM) and the hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable silt-sized (H-Silt, NH-Silt) fractions, which accounted for 11.6–16.9, 23.4–28.9, and 25.4–30.6% of the total SOC content, respectively. The contributions of these “slow” fractions (iPOM, H-Silt, NH-Silt) to the increased SOC were 178–293, 118–209, and 85–109% higher after long-term sole manure or manure in combination with inorganic N fertilization compared with unfertilized soil (control). The combination of manure and mineral fertilizers increased the coarse and fine non-protected C (cPOM and fPOM) contents much more (34.1–60.7%) than did manure alone. PLFAs, bacteria, G (+) bacteria, and actinomycete abundances were the highest in soil with manure, followed by soil treated with manure combined with mineral N. The addition of inorganic and organic fertilization both altered the microbial community composition compared with the control. All SOM fractions contributed to 81.1% of the variance of the PLFAs-related microbial community composition by direct and indirect effects. The change in coarse unprotected particulate organic matter (cPOM) was the major factor affecting soil microbial community composition (p
- Published
- 2017
6. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration stimulates soil microbial activity and impacts water-extractable organic carbon in an agricultural soil
- Author
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Lei Wang, Huajun Fang, Xusheng Dang, Yongsheng Wang, Linsen Li, Shulan Cheng, Minjie Xu, Erda Lin, Shuli Niu, and Guirui Yu
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Rhizosphere ,Topsoil ,Soil organic matter ,Bulk soil ,Soil chemistry ,Soil carbon ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Dissolved organic carbon ,Environmental Chemistry ,Organic matter ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment and increased nitrogen (N) deposition can change microbial activity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) turnover, consequently affecting carbon sequestration in soils. However, we do not have much available information on the relationship between soil DOC and microbial activity under CO2 enrichment and N addition in semi-arid agroecosystems. Using free air CO2 enrichment (FACE), soybean and winter wheat were grown in the field under ambient CO2 (350 μmol mol−1) and elevated CO2 (550 μmol mol−1) conditions subjected to two N fertilizer regimes (132 and 306 kg N ha−1 year−1). Rhizosphere soils and bulk soils at three depths, 0–10, 10–20 and 20–40 cm, were collected to determine water extractable organic matter (WEOM) characteristics with fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analyses of excitation/emission matrix, as well as five extracellular enzymes activities. All significant effects were observed in the topsoil (0–10 cm): elevated CO2 decreased water extractable organic carbon concentration of the rhizosphere soils and bulk soils by 8.5 and 10.1 %, respectively. Furthermore, elevated CO2 changed the composition and structure of soil WEOM by increasing the plant- and microbial-derived components in the rhizosphere and solubilizing soil organic matter (SOM). The activities of β-1,4-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, phenol oxidase, and peroxidase were stimulated by elevated CO2 in the rhizosphere soils and bulk soils. Our findings suggest that the stimulation of microbial activity elicited by elevated CO2 increased the turnover of labile WEOM and the solubilization of SOM in the topsoils, which could be adverse to the accumulation and stability of soil carbon in the semi-arid agroecosystems in northern China.
- Published
- 2014
7. Vegetation and Soil 15N Natural Abundance in Alpine Grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau: Patterns and Implications
- Author
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David Robinson, Chengjun Ji, Jingyun Fang, Huajun Fang, Yuanhe Yang, Haihua Shen, and Biao Zhu
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geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ecology ,Soil texture ,Edaphic ,Soil carbon ,Vegetation ,complex mixtures ,Abundance (ecology) ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Ecosystem ,Physical geography ,Nitrogen cycle ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The natural abundance of nitrogen (N) stable isotopes (δ15N) has the potential to enhance our understanding of the ecosystem N cycle at large spatial scales. However, vegetation and soil δ15N patterns along climatic and edaphic gradients have not yet been fully understood, particularly for high-altitude ecosystems. Here we determined vegetation and soil δ15N in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau by conducting four consecutive regional surveys during 2001–2004, and then examined their relationships with both climatic and edaphic variables. Our results showed that both vegetation and soil N in Tibetan alpine grasslands were more 15N-enriched than global averages. Vegetation δ15N did not exhibit any significant trend along the temperature gradient, but decreased significantly with an increase in precipitation amount. In contrast, soil δ15N did not vary with either mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our results also indicated that soil δ15N exhibited a slight increase with clay content, but decreased with soil carbon:nitrogen ratio. A general linear model analysis revealed that variations in vegetation δ15N were dominantly determined by climatic variables, whereas soil δ15N was related to edaphic variables. These results provide clues for potential climatic and edaphic regulations on ecosystem N cycle in these high-altitude regions.
- Published
- 2013
8. Phase-margin enhancement technique for recycling folded cascode amplifier
- Author
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Huajun Fang, Jun Xu, and Xiao Zhao
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Phase margin ,Differential amplifier ,Common source ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,law.invention ,Current mirror ,Hardware_GENERAL ,Hardware and Architecture ,law ,Operational transconductance amplifier ,Signal Processing ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,Electronic engineering ,Operational amplifier ,business ,Direct-coupled amplifier - Abstract
A novel circuit technique for enhancing the phase-margin of the recycling folded cascode amplifier is presented. Compared to the conventional recycling folded cascade, using a high-speed current mirror, the proposed amplifier offers the advantage of cancellation of the first non-dominant pole, allowing the phase-margin to be enhanced without affecting the bandwidth. The proposed amplifier was implemented in CSMC standard 0.18 μm CMOS process. Simulation results show that the phase-margin enhancement of 20° is achieved without limiting the bandwidth.
- Published
- 2012
9. A transconductance enhanced recycling structure for folded cascode amplifier
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Huajun Fang, Xiao Zhao, and Jun Xu
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Materials science ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Transconductance ,Electrical engineering ,Common source ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Power (physics) ,Hardware and Architecture ,Operational transconductance amplifier ,Signal Processing ,Electronic engineering ,Cascode ,business ,Cascode amplifier ,Positive feedback - Abstract
This letter is to present a transconductance enhanced recycling structure for folded cascode amplifier. The proposed structure introduces a positive feedback path to achieve a significant boost in transconductance without increasing power or area consumption. A folded cascode amplifier using the proposed structure was implemented in SMIC standard 65 nm CMOS process. Simulation results show that the proposed amplifier achieves 400% improvement in gain-bandwidth and 16.6 dB boost in DC gain compared to the conventional folded cascode.
- Published
- 2012
10. Responses of CO2 efflux from an alpine meadow soil on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau to multi-form and low-level N addition
- Author
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Jiaojiao Zheng, Yingnian Li, Minjie Xu, Guirui Yu, Huajun Fang, Shulan Cheng, Xueming Yang, and Peilei Zhang
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Total organic carbon ,geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Chemistry ,Soil Science ,Plant physiology ,Soil science ,Plant Science ,complex mixtures ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Environmental chemistry ,Respiration ,Carbon dioxide ,Ecosystem ,Deposition (chemistry) ,Water content - Abstract
To assess the effects of atmospheric N deposition on the C budget of an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, it is necessary to explore the responses of soil-atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange to N addition. Based on a multi-form, low-level N addition experiment, soil CO2 effluxes were monitored weekly using the static chamber and gas chromatograph technique. Soil variables and aboveground biomass were measured monthly to examine the key driving factors of soil CO2 efflux. The results showed that low-level N input tended to decrease soil moisture, whereas medium-level N input maintained soil moisture. Three-year N additions slightly increased soil inorganic N pools, especially the soil NH 4 + -N pool. N applications significantly increased aboveground biomass and soil CO2 efflux; moreover, this effect was more significant from NH 4 + -N than from NO 3 − -N fertilizer. In addition, the soil CO2 efflux was mainly driven by soil temperature, followed by aboveground biomass and NH 4 + -N pool. These results suggest that chronic atmospheric N deposition will stimulate soil CO2 efflux in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau by increasing available N content and promoting plant growth.
- Published
- 2011
11. Patterns and driving factors of WUE and NUE in natural forest ecosystems along the North-South Transect of Eastern China
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Guirui Yu, Huajun Fang, Shu-Jie Ren, Wenping Sheng, Mi Zhang, and Chunming Jiang
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Hydrology ,Biogeochemical cycle ,Agronomy ,δ13C ,Forest ecology ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Environmental science ,Global change ,Ecosystem ,Vegetation ,Water-use efficiency ,Transect - Abstract
From July 2008 to August 2008, 72 leaf samples from 22 species and 81 soil samples in the nine natural forest ecosystems were collected, from north to south along the North-South Transect of Eastern China (NSTEC). Based on these samples, we studied the geographical distribution patterns of vegetable water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and analyzed their relationship with environmental factors. The vegetable WUE and NUE were calculated through the measurement of foliar delta(13)C and C/N of predominant species, respectively. The results showed: (1) vegetable WUE, ranging from 2.13 to 28.67 mg C g(-1) H(2)O, increased linearly from south to north in the representative forest ecosystems along the NSTEC, while vegetable NUE showed an opposite trend, increasing from north to south, ranging from 12.92 to 29.60 g C g(-1) N. (2) Vegetable WUE and NUE were dominantly driven by climate and significantly affected by soil nutrient factors. Based on multiple stepwise regression analysis, mean annual temperature, soil phosphorus concentration, and soil nitrogen concentration were responding for 75.5% of the variations of WUE (p
- Published
- 2011
12. CO2 flux estimation by different regression methods from an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
- Author
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Yingnian Li, Guirui Yu, Chunming Jiang, Shi-Chun Zhang, Guangmin Cao, and Huajun Fang
- Subjects
Polynomial regression ,Hydrology ,Atmospheric Science ,geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Flux ,Regression analysis ,Seasonality ,Atmospheric sciences ,medicine.disease ,Regression ,Linear regression ,medicine ,Environmental science ,Nonlinear regression - Abstract
CO2 efflux was estimated using different regression methods in static chamber observation from an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The CO2 efflux showed a seasonal pattern, with the maximun flux occurring in the middle of July. The temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux (Q10) was 3.9, which was at the high end of the range of global values. CO2 emissions calculated by linear and nonlinear regression were significantly different (p < 0.05). Compared with the linear regression, CO2 emissions calculated by exponential regression and quadratic regression were 12.7% and 11.2% larger, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in temperature sensitivity values estimated by the three methods. In the entire growing season, the CO2 efflux estimated by linear regression may be underestimated by up to 25% compared to the real CO2 efflux. Consequently, great caution should be taken when using published flux data obtained by linear regression of static chamber observations to estimate the regional CO2 flux in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
- Published
- 2010
13. Foliar and soil 15N natural abundances provide field evidence on nitrogen dynamics in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems
- Author
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Huajun Fang, Guirui Yu, Shulan Cheng, Tianhong Zhu, and Jiaojiao Zheng
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Ecology ,Soil organic matter ,Taiga ,Soil water ,Forest ecology ,Temperate climate ,Soil Science ,Environmental science ,Ecosystem ,Plant Science ,Nitrogen cycle ,Carbon cycle - Abstract
The natural abundance of 15N (δ15N) in plants and soils is an ideal tool for assessing ecosystem N dynamics. However, many of the mechanisms driving the variability of foliar and soil δ15N values within and across ecosystems are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of N concentrations and δ15N values in leaves, bulk soils and soil mineral N as well as soil N turnover rates across four temperate and boreal forest ecosystems along a mountain transect. The results showed that plant species and soil properties directly controlled soil δ15N patterns and climate factors (air temperature and precipitation) indirectly affected foliar δ15N patterns. Foliar N concentrations varied consistently with the concentrations of soil available N and soil NO3−-N, whereas foliar δ15N was most closely associated with the δ15N of soil NH4+, the most abundant form of N in soil solution. 15N enrichment in surface mineral soil in high elevation forests was mainly attributed to 15N-enriched organic N accumulation. Furthermore, the foliar enrichment factor (ep/s = δ15Nfoliage−δ15Nsoil) was significantly correlated with N transformation and loss rates, and was negatively correlated with the ratio of NH4+ to total inorganic N. These results suggest that foliar δ15N value and foliar N concentration together accurately reflect the N availability of forest ecosystems. Foliar ep/s can act as an integrated proxy to reflect the status of N cycling within or across forest ecosystems. Soil nitrification and species’ NH4+ to NO3− uptake ratios are key processes controlling foliar δ15N patterns in N-limited forest ecosystems. Our findings improve the mechanistic understanding of the commonly observed variability in foliar and soil δ15N within and across forest ecosystems.
- Published
- 2010
14. Nitrogen-15 signals of leaf-litter-soil continuum as a possible indicator of ecosystem nitrogen saturation by forest succession and N loads
- Author
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Jiaojiao Zheng, Tianhong Zhu, Jiangming Mo, Shulan Cheng, Huajun Fang, Junhua Yan, Guirui Yu, and Yiqi Luo
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant litter ,Old-growth forest ,Nitrogen ,Carbon cycle ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Soil water ,Botany ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Ecosystem ,Nitrification ,Nitrogen cycle ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Understanding forest carbon cycling responses to atmospheric N deposition is critical to evaluating ecosystem N dynamics. The natural abundance of 15 N( d 15 N) has been suggested as an efficient and non-invasive tool to monitor N pools and fluxes. In this study, three successional forests in southern China were treated with four levels of N addition. In each treatment, we measured rates of soil N mineralization, nitrification, N2O emission and inorganic N leaching as well as N concentration and d 15 N of leaves, litters and soils. We found that foliar N concentration and d 15 N were higher in the mature broadleaf forest than in the successional pine or mixed forests. Three-year continuous N addition did not change foliar N concentration, but significantly
- Published
- 2010
15. 13C abundance, water-soluble and microbial biomass carbon as potential indicators of soil organic carbon dynamics in subtropical forests at different successional stages and subject to different nitrogen loads
- Author
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Guirui Yu, Junhua Yan, Shulan Cheng, Shenggong Li, Huajun Fang, and Jiangming Mo
- Subjects
Total organic carbon ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Soil organic matter ,food and beverages ,Soil Science ,Biomass ,Plant Science ,Soil carbon ,Carbon cycle ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,Botany ,Forest ecology ,Organic matter - Abstract
Chronic atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects the cycling of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in forest ecosystems, and thereby alters the stable C isotopic abundance of plant and soil. Three successional stages, disturbed, rehabilitated and mature forests were studied for their responses to different nitrogen input levels. N-addition manipulative experiments were conducted at low, medium and high N levels. To study the responses of C cycling to N addition, the C concentration and 13C natural abundances for leaf, litter and soil were measured. Labile organic carbon fractions in mineral soils were measured to quantify the dynamics of soil organic C (SOC). Results showed that three-year continuous N addition did not significantly increase foliar C and N concentration, but decreased C/N ratio and enriched 13C in N-rich forests. In addition, N addition significantly decreased microbial biomass C, and increased water soluble organic C in surface soils of N-rich forests. This study suggests that N addition enhances the water consumption per unit C assimilation of dominant plant species, restricts SOC turnover in N-poor forests at early and medium successional stages (thus favored SOC sequestration), and vice versa for N-rich mature forests.
- Published
- 2009
16. Assessment of waterlogging risk in Lixiahe region of Jiangsu Province based on AVHRR and MODIS image
- Author
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Dapeng Huang, Huajun Fang, Chuang Liu, and Shunfeng Peng
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Hydrology ,Risk analysis ,Geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Land use ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Drainage basin ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medium Risk ,Scale (map) ,Hazard ,Risk zone ,Waterlogging (agriculture) - Abstract
Four images of 1991 AVHRR, 2003 and 2007 MODIS were used to extract waterlogging inundated water of three years, and three inundated water maps were overlaid to estimate waterlogging affected frequency. Based on wa-terlogging affected frequency, waterlogging hazard of pixel scale was assessed. According to the weighed score of area percentage of different waterlogging affected frequency in 13 counties/cities of Lixiahe region, waterlogging hazard rank of every county/city was assessed. Waterlogging affected frequency map and 1km×1km grid landuse map were used to assess waterlogging risk of pixel scale; and then waterlogging risk rank of every county/city was assessed by the similar method by which waterlogging hazard rank of every county/city was assessed. High risk region is located mainly in core zone of Lixiahe hinterland, medium risk region is adjacent to high risk region, and low risk region is located in the most outlying area of risk zone and mainly in south to middle part of Lixiahe region. Xinghua and Gaoyou belong to high risk city, Jiangyan belongs to medium risk city, and the other counties/cities have low or lower waterlogging risk. The method of assessing waterlogging risk in this paper is simple and applicable. This paper can provide guidance for the waterlogging risk analysis in broader area of Huaihe River Basin.
- Published
- 2008
17. Long-Term Effects of Fertilization on Soil Organic Carbon Changes in Continuous Corn of Northeast China: RothC Model Simulations
- Author
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Xiaopeng Zhang, Huajun Fang, J. Ren, P. Zhu, L.C. Wang, and Xuefei Yang
- Subjects
China ,Crop residue ,business.product_category ,engineering.material ,Zea mays ,Plough ,Soil ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Fertilizers ,Global and Planetary Change ,Ecology ,Agriculture ,Soil carbon ,Mineralization (soil science) ,Pollution ,Manure ,Carbon ,Agronomy ,Soil water ,engineering ,Environmental science ,sense organs ,Fertilizer ,Monoculture ,business ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Soil organic C (SOC) content can increase by managing land use practices in which the rates of organic C input exceed those of organic C mineralization. Understanding the changes in SOC content of Black soils (mainly Typic Halpudoll) in northeast China is necessary for sustainable using of soil resources there. We used the RothC model to estimate SOC levels of Black soils under monoculture cropping corn in a long-term fertilization trial at Gongzhuling, Jilin Province, China. The model outputs for the changes in SOC were compared with measured data in this long-term fertilization/manure trial. The sound performance of model in simulating SOC changes suggests that RothC is feasible with Black soils in the temperate climatic region of northeast China. The modeled and measured results indicated that the treatment without fertilizer/farmyard manure (FYM) addition led to a continuous decline in SOC during the study period and N and NPK fertilization were inadequate to maintain the SOC levels in the plow layer (upper 20 cm) unless FYM was added under the current conventional management associated with no above-ground crop residues returning into the soil. Soil organic carbon could follow the same path of decline if the same management practices are maintained. Model results indicate that returning above-ground crop residues to the soil from 2002 to 2022 would increase SOC by 26% for the treatment without fertilization addition, 40% for N treatment, 45% for NPK treatment, and 38% and 46% for N and NPK treatments with FYM addition, compared to the levels in the corresponding treatments in 2002. The simulation results suggest that the RothC model is a feasible tool to assess SOC trend under different management practices, and returning above-ground crop residues into the soil would lead to a remarkable increase in SOC of Black soils in the region.
- Published
- 2003
18. Spatial and decadal variations in inorganic nitrogen wet deposition in China induced by human activity
- Author
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Yanlong Jia, Huajun Fang, Xiaoyun Zhan, Guirui Yu, Wenping Sheng, Yao Zuo, Qiufeng Wang, Nianpeng He, and Da-Yong Zhang
- Subjects
Air Pollutants ,China ,Multidisciplinary ,Atmosphere ,Nitrogen ,Ecology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Atmospheric sciences ,Article ,Deposition (aerosol physics) ,chemistry ,Humans ,Environmental science ,Human Activities ,Ecosystem ,Precipitation ,Nitrogen Compounds ,Inorganic nitrogen ,Temperate rainforest ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, an important component in the global N cycle, has increased sharply in recent decades in China. Here, we constructed national-scale inorganic N wet deposition (Ndep) patterns in China based on data from 280 observational sites and analysed the effects of anthropogenic sources and precipitation on Ndep. Our results showed that the mean Ndep over China increased approximately 25%, from 11.11 kg ha(-1) a(-1) in the 1990s to 13.87 in the 2000s. Ndep was highest over southern China and exhibited a decreasing gradient from southern to western and northern China. The decadal difference in Ndep between the 1990s and 2000s was primarily caused by increases in energy consumption and N fertiliser use. Our findings conformed that anthropogenic activities were the main reason for the Ndep increase and provide a scientific background for studies on ecological effects of N deposition in China.
- Published
- 2014
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