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Background Laparoscopic colorectal surgery has been proved to have similar oncological outcomes with open surgery. Due to the lack of tactile perception, surgeons may have misjudgments in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Therefore, the accurate localization of a tumor before surgery is important, especially in the early stages of cancer. Autologous blood was thought a feasible and safe tattooing agent for preoperative endoscopic localization but its benefits remain controversial. We therefore proposed this randomized trial to the accuracy and safety of autogenous blood localization in small, serosa-negative lesion which will be resected by laparoscopic colectomy. Methods The current study is a single-center, open-label, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants would be aged 18–80 years and diagnosed with large lateral spreading tumors that could not be treated endoscopically, malignant polyps treated endoscopically that required additional colorectal resection, and serosa-negative malignant colorectal tumors (≤ cT3). A total of 220 patients would be randomly assigned (1:1) to autologous blood group or intraoperative colonoscopy group. The primary outcome is the localization accuracy. The secondary endpoint is adverse events related to endoscopic tattooing. Discussion This trial will investigate whether autologous blood marker achieves similar localization accuracy and safety in laparoscopic colorectal surgery compared to intraoperative colonoscopy. If our research hypothesis is statistically proved, the rational introduction of autologous blood tattooing in preoperative colonoscopy can help improve identification of the location of tumors for laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, performing an optimal resection, and minimizing unnecessary resections of normal tissues, thereby improving the patient’s quality of life. Our research data will also provide high quality clinical evidence and data support for the conduction of multicenter phase III clinical trials. Trial registration This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05597384. Registered 28 October 2022

Background Gastric cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Social media has affected public’s daily lives in ways no one ever thought possible. Both TikoTok and its Chinese version Douyin are the most popular short video posting platform. This study aimed to evaluate the quality, accuracy, and completeness of videos for gastric cancer on TikTok and Douyin. Methods The terms “gastric cancer” was searched on TikTok in both English and Japanese, and on Douyin in Chinese. The first 100 videos in three languages (website’s default setting) were checked. QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST) and DISCERN as the instrument for assessing the quality of the information in each video. Content was analysed under six categories (aetiology, anatomy, symptoms, preventions, treatments, and prognosis). The educational value and completeness were evaluated with a checklist developed by the researchers. Results A total of 78 videos in English, 63 in Japanese, and 99 in Chinese were analyzed. The types of sources were as follows: 6.4% in English, 4.8% in Japanese, and 57.6% in Chinese for health professionals; 93.6% in English, 95.2% in Japanese, and 3.0% in Chinese for private users; none in English and Japanese, but 39.4% in Chinese for other sources. In all, 20.5% in English, 17.5% in Japanese, and 93.9% in Chinese of videos had useful information about gastric cancer. Among the useful videos, the videos published in Chinese had the highest QUEST(p Conclusions TikTok in English and Japanese might not fully meet the gastric cancer information needs of public, but Douyin in Chinese was the opposite.

By using the reductive perturbation method, the existence of dust acoustic shock waves is given for a dusty plasma considering the dust size distribution. The effects of both the dust size distribution and the dust charge variation on the characteristics of the shock wave are discussed. It is shown that the amplitude of a shock wave in plasmas considering a dust size distribution is larger than that in the case of a mono-sized dusty plasma, while its width considering the dust size distribution is smaller than that of the mono-sized dusty plasma. The speed of the shock waves also depends on different dust size distributions.

We theoretically investigate a cavity quantum electrodynamics system in which a high-Q whispering-gallery-mode microcavity interacts simultaneously with a dipole quantum emitter and multiple Rayleigh scatterers. The scatterers are used to induce and to control mode coupling between counterclockwise and clockwise propagating light fields, which interact with the dipole quantum emitter. We study the effect of mode coupling on the linear and nonlinear output characteristics of coherent photon transport in a tapered fiber waveguide coupling the microcavity. It is found that enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity with high linear transmission rate can be achieved efficiently when the system parameters are tuned properly. The present results illustrate the potential to utilize mode coupling for enhancing optical Kerr nonlinearities and controlling the transmission of light.

Using silica sol as a binder for titanium investment casting is very attractive due to its good stability and reasonable cost as compared with yttrium sol and zirconium sol. However, the mechanism of interface reaction in the related system remains unclear. In this investigation, the interface reaction between Y2O3-SiO2 (Y-Si) shell mold and titanium alloys was studied. A group of shell molds were prepared by using Y2O3 sand and silica sol with different contents of SiO2. Ti-6Al-4V alloy was cast under vacuum by gravity casting through cold crucible induction melting (CCIM) method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to characterize the micromorphology and composition of the reaction area, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the valence state of relevant elements. White light interferometer (WLI) was used to obtain the surface topography of Y-Si shells. The results show that the thickness of reaction layers is below 3 μm when the SiO2 content of silica sol is below 20wt.%. Whereas, when the SiO2 content increases to 25wt.%, the thickness of the reaction layer increases sharply to about 15 μm. There is a good balance between chemical inertness and mechanical performance when the SiO2 content is between 15 and 20wt.%. Moreover, it was found that the distribution of SiO2 and the roughness at the surface of the shell are the key factors that determine the level of reaction.

We propose a one-step scheme for creating entanglement between two distant nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, which are placed in separate single-mode nanocavities in a planar photonic crystal (PC). With a laser-driven, the decoherence from the excited states of the NV centers can be effectively suppressed by virtue of the Raman transition in the dispersive regime. With the assistant of a strong classical field, fast operation can be achieved. The experimental feasibility of the scheme is discussed based on currently available technology.

The response of enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Mn hyperaccumuator, Polygonum hydropiper (P. hydropiper), to Mn stress was studied using hydroponics culture experiments to explore the mechanism of Mn tolerance in this species. Results showed that both chlorophyll and carotenoid contents significantly (p

We characterize the non-Gaussian character of two-mode continuous-variable states based on the phase-averaged cumulant approach. We study the dynamics of non-Gaussianity of two-mode hybrid entangled states generated via the cross-Kerr nonlinearity by analyzing the fourth-order phase-averaged cumulant. It is shown that for a case of stronger coherent for one incident light, the non-Gaussianity undergoes some oscillations conditioned on the initial conditions of another incident light. Interestingly, one can simultaneously obtain the two-mode state’s maximum entanglement and highly non-Gaussian correlations by controlling the cross-Kerr interaction. Finally, we discuss the relationship between the entanglement and the variational non-Gaussianity of such states.

We investigate the time evolutions of the continuous-variable entanglement and Gaussian quantum discord in a system consisting of a mesoscopic Josephson junction coupled to a single-mode optical cavity field. We can obtain the time-dependent covariance matrix using known symplectic operation and local canonical transformations. We compare the dynamics of Gaussian quantum discord with that of entanglement. It is shown that the entanglement dynamics of two-mode squeezed thermal state is richer and undergoes three different features: periodical oscillation, sudden death and revival, and no-creation of entanglement, conditioned on the average number of thermal photons in each mode, whereas the Gaussian quantum discord can only exhibit a periodical oscillation behavior during the evolution.

We proposes an efficient scheme for deterministic generation of entangled coherent states (ECSs) of effective bosonic modes realized by collective excitations of two separate atomic ensembles in coupled cavities. Our protocol is fast compare to the convectional dispersive interaction induced operation in a cavity-assisted system. In addition, the implemented evolution is independent on the cavity field states with the assistance of strong classical fields, and thus not sensitive to the thermal states of the cavities. Our analysis shows that the protocol is robust against the main decoherence sources and unavoidable parameter variations. Moreover, current experimental design provides us the potential of extending this deterministic scheme to multimode case.

We study entanglement properties of two-mode squeezed thermal states subjected to two sources of decoherence: the common reservoirs and the bosonic memory Gaussian channel. For the former one, we find that there exist three different behaviors: no-sudden death, sudden death, and no-creation of entanglement. The range of parameters characterizing these processes is obtained. For the latter one, we obtain a threshold in the degree of squeezing above which the input states remain always entangled. Otherwise, no entanglement is allowed in bosonic Gaussian channel with memory effect. We show that a degree of memory for quantum channel can be help to increase the initial entanglement, while the mean number of added thermal photons is to fasten the decoherence process.

We evaluate the non-Gaussianity of single-mode Schrodinger cat states based on measure of the kurtosis. It is found that for odd Schrodinger cat state, its kurtosis is always negative, whereas the kurtosis of even Schrodinger cat state may be negative or positive. We then introduce the average kurtosis to measure how far the distribution of Schrodinger cat states is from their corresponding Gaussian ones. Finally, we discuss the relation between the non-Gaussianity and nonclassicality of such states.

The presence of DNA homologues corresponding to verc203 (vernalization-related cDNA clone) was investigated by molecular hybridization techniques. The genes were detected in 16 plant species that cover 12 subclasses of the Takhtajan system of angiosperms classification including diverse model species. The results of Southern blot analysis showed a low copy number of this gene existed in rice, wheat, barley and Arabidopsis. The hybridization result of PCR products demonstrated the conservation of the gene corresponding to ver203 in diverse plants. The phylogenetic tree of the ver203 gene in tested plants was supported by evolution relationship of species. The ver203 gene expressed in a vernalized plumule winter wheat, instead of the root. And the endosperm before the treatment was essential for the ver203 expression during vernalization in wheat. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the pattern of expression showed that the gene corresponding to ver203 was expressed at low temperature for 14 days. Gibberellin (GA3) may accelerate the expression of ver203 gene in Arabidopsis exposed to low temperature. However, it could not replace vernalization treatment to initiate the gene expression.

A simple method for solving Cauchy’s problem of wave equations in higher space dimensions with initial condition of separated variables, has been given by using D’Alembert’s formula and some examples have been shown.

Robust entanglement created between an optical cavity field mode and a macroscopic vibrating mirror with an optical parametric amplifier is shown. Increasing the gain of the optical parametric amplifier makes the line of the logarithmic negativity E N move to the range of the larger detuning and higher temperature. Such optomechanical entanglement can be generated even at room temperature with current experimental parameters. Compared with other proposals, we have considered the one-to-one correspondence between the detuning and the input power, which is reasonable with the fact that the mean shift of the cavity frequency is determined by the radiation pressure which is related to the input power. Such consideration may be valuable to current experiments.

We consider a system of three coupled single-mode waveguides each locally interacting with its own Gaussian environment and present a general solution for this coupled system initially in any Gaussian state using the symplectic operations. We investigate the dynamics of two-mode localizable entanglement contained in the evolved state when the system is initially in three-mode bisymmetric Gaussian state in contact with the independent decoherence. We show that such an entanglement exhibits a damped oscillation in a regime of weak waveguide-waveguide coupling and small mean photon numbers of the bath. Remarkably, we find that the entanglement can reappear after the long-time death and arrives at a steady-state oscillation, whose maximum depends strongly on both the squeezing of the bath and the coupling strength between these waveguides. Finally, we generalize the approach to a common squeezed environment case.