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4 results on '"Michael Dietze"'

1. Spatial vs. temporal controls over soil fungal community similarity at continental and global scales

Author

Jennifer M. Bhatnagar, Colin Averill, Michael Dietze, and LeAnna L. Cates

Subjects
Time Factors, Spatial–temporal reasoning, Climate, Ecology (disciplines), Biology, Microbiology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Microbial ecology, Similarity (network science), Surveys and Questionnaires, Temperate climate, Ecosystem, Soil Microbiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Geography, 030306 microbiology, Fungi, Microbial population biology, Seasons, Soil microbiology, Mycobiome
Abstract

Large-scale environmental sequencing efforts have transformed our understanding of the spatial controls over soil microbial community composition and turnover. Yet, our knowledge of temporal controls is comparatively limited. This is a major uncertainty in microbial ecology, as there is increasing evidence that microbial community composition is important for predicting microbial community function in the future. Here, we use continental- and global-scale soil fungal community surveys, focused within northern temperate latitudes, to estimate the relative contribution of time and space to soil fungal community turnover. We detected large intra-annual temporal differences in soil fungal community similarity, where fungal communities differed most among seasons, equivalent to the community turnover observed over thousands of kilometers in space. inter-annual community turnover was comparatively smaller than intra-annual turnover. Certain environmental covariates, particularly climate covariates, explained some spatial–temporal effects, though it is unlikely the same mechanisms drive spatial vs. temporal turnover. However, these commonly measured environmental covariates could not fully explain relationships between space, time and community composition. These baseline estimates of fungal community turnover in time provide a starting point to estimate the potential duration of legacies in microbial community composition and function.

Published
2019

2. Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison

Author

S. W. Running, Atul K. Jain, P. Ciais, D.Y. Hollinger, Ian Baker, M. El Maayar, Zhengpeng Li, C. Izaurralde, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Michael Sprintsin, Christina Tonitto, A. K. Sahoo, Margaret S. Torn, Michael Dietze, Yongkang Xue, Alan G. Barr, David Price, Hans Verbeeck, Ryan S. Anderson, David R. Cook, Andrew E. Suyker, Philippe Peylin, A. S. Denning, Christopher J. Kucharik, Roser Matamala, M. A. Arain, Hanqin Tian, Erandathie Lokupitiya, Shashi B. Verma, Shuguang Liu, Robert F. Grant, Guangsheng Chen, Longhui Li, Jing M. Chen, Markus Fischer, Kevin Schaefer, University of Colombo [Sri Lanka], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Saarland University [Saarbrücken], Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Department of Atmospheric Science [Fort Collins], Environment and Climate Change Canada, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES), Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, NE Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Lab-STICC_TB_MOM_PIM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Micro-Ondes (MO), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nelson Inst, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Dept Agron, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Numerical Terradynamics Simulation Group, University of Montana, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska [Lincoln], University of Nebraska System-University of Nebraska System, China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture [Beijing] (NRCIEA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology (CAVElab), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), ABirla Institute of Technology Mesra, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche (IMER), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nebraska–Lincoln, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)

Subjects
Biosphere model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental Science and Management, Planetary boundary layer, Eddy covariance, Growing season, Climate change, Carbon and energy fluxes, Sensible heat, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Latent heat, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, Cropland ecosystems, Land-atmosphere exchange, Agronomy & Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Cropland carbon and energy exchange, Geochemistry, 13. Climate action, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Other Chemical Sciences, Model-data comparison
Abstract

© 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Croplands are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to land–atmosphere exchange of carbon, energy, and water during their short growing seasons. We evaluated and compared net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent heat flux (LE), and sensible heat flux (H) simulated by a suite of ecosystem models at five agricultural eddy covariance flux tower sites in the central United States as part of the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis project. Most of the models overestimated H and underestimated LE during the growing season, leading to overall higher Bowen ratios compared to the observations. Most models systematically under predicted NEE, especially at rain-fed sites. Certain crop-specific models that were developed considering the high productivity and associated physiological changes in specific crops better predicted the NEE and LE at both rain-fed and irrigated sites. Models with specific parameterization for different crops better simulated the inter-annual variability of NEE for maize-soybean rotation compared to those models with a single generic crop type. Stratification according to basic model formulation and phenological methodology did not explain significant variation in model performance across these sites and crops. The under prediction of NEE and LE and over prediction of H by most of the models suggests that models developed and parameterized for natural ecosystems cannot accurately predict the more robust physiology of highly bred and intensively managed crop ecosystems. When coupled in Earth System Models, it is likely that the excessive physiological stress simulated in many land surface component models leads to overestimation of temperature and atmospheric boundary layer depth, and underestimation of humidity and CO2seasonal uptake over agricultural regions.

Published
2016

3. Experimental recharge by small-diameter wells: the Pirna, Saxony, case study

Author

Michael Dietze, Martin Binder, Falk Händel, Peter Dietrich, and Rudolf Liedl

Subjects
Hydrology, Global and Planetary Change, Small diameter, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Test site, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Infiltration basin, Soil Science, Geology, Injection rate, 02 engineering and technology, Groundwater recharge, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, 020801 environmental engineering, Infiltration (hydrology), Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Inner diameter, Groundwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Managed aquifer recharge has been used for various regions worldwide to improve water quantity and quality. Furthermore, contaminated site treatment often requires injection of water together with specific additives to support natural attenuation processes. Handel et al. (in J Hydrol 517:54–63, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.003 ) introduced a new recharge approach, applying cost-efficient small-diameter wells. Numerical studies were applied, among others, to investigate the effect of subsurface structures on injection process. Besides this, a comparison with an infiltration basin was made. To close the gap between the theoretical work and the practical use of this technique for medium-term injection of clean waters and to provide an experimental validation of the small-diameter well recharge, two injection tests using a small-diameter well (1″ inner diameter) were performed at the test site Pirna, Saxony, Germany. In a first short-term test, stepwise increasing injection rates were applied and showed only a slight increase in well water levels. In a second test (using the same well), groundwater was injected continuously for 14 days. The constant injection rate of 0.75 l/s resulted in a recharged water volume of 900 m3, showing the high-performance potential of such wells for clean water infiltration.

Published
2016

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