99 results on '"Nan, Yu"'
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2. Non-invasive assessment of skin hydration and sensation with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
- Author
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Chen, Ying-Yu, primary, Tzeng, Shih-Yu, additional, Yen, Yun-Yo, additional, Cheng, Nan-Yu, additional, and Tseng, Sheng-Hao, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. In-situ electrochemical restructuring of Cu2BiSx solid solution into Bi/CuxSy heterointerfaces enabling stabilization intermediates for high-performance CO2 electroreduction to formate
- Author
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Xiaofeng Yang, Qinru Wang, Feiran Chen, Hu Zang, Changjiang Liu, Nan Yu, and Baoyou Geng
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General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2023
4. Numerical analysis of direct-current (DC) plasma processing for high-efficient steel surface modification
- Author
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Xinyang Wei, Fangda Xu, Adam Bennett, Julian Swan, Jamie Pulsford, Guoda Chen, and Nan Yu
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Control and Systems Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Software ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Nowadays, direct-current (dc) non-transferred arc plasma torch has drawn significant interest from both academia and industry due to the capability to process products in an efficient and convenient way. The core of this technology is to clarify and manipulate the arc behavior at the interior of the dc plasma torch to produce ideal plasma jets for processing. To solve this problem, a quasi-steady axisymmetric model is built to simulate and compare the arc characteristics in different operating conditions and different nozzle structures of the plasma torch. The results uncover distinct aspects of the study on arc characteristics, including the detection of the primary arc attachment region and its spatial features caused by the choking effect of torch structure. The thermal efficiency focused on processing substrate is also calculated in this paper for estimating the performance of plasma processing. The calculated results show that increasing the mass flow rate brings better thermal efficiency and the greatest promotion is at least 6% in the same current value, whereas improving the arc current value causes the opposite result. Meanwhile, two types of nozzle are compared to the original design in thermal efficiency, where the wide nozzle is chosen for torch optimization due to its best power efficiency. The secondary arc attachment on the metal substrate is discovered though its impact scope is only within a radius of 10 mm from the torch axis, its effect on the processing could be ignored for the extremely low electric current value.
- Published
- 2022
5. Risk Factors of Anastomotic Leakage After Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer Patients
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Xiang-Nan, Yu, Lu-Ming, Xu, Ya-Wen, Bin, Ye, Yuan, Shao-Bo, Tian, Bo, Cai, Kai-Xiong, Tao, Lin, Wang, Guo-Bin, Wang, and Zheng, Wang
- Subjects
Genetics ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the serious complications after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Defunctioning stoma (DS) is one of the most widely used approaches to prevent it; however, the effect of DS on the occurrence of AL remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of AL and assess the effect of DS after anterior resection for rectal cancer patients.A retrospective analysis was conducted for the data of 1840 patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer from January 2014 to December 2019.The results showed the overall AL incidence was 7.5%. Multivariate analyses revealed that males [odds ratio (OR) 1.562] and T3-T4 stage (OR 1.729) were independent risk factors for all patients. After propensity score matching analysis, the AL incidence was 14.1% in the group with no DS and 6.4% in the DS group (P0.001). The clinical AL (grade B + grade C) incidence was 12.4% in no DS group and 4.6% in the DS group (P0.001).The study suggested that males and T3-T4 stage were independent risk factors of AL. In addition, DS could reduce the rate of symptomatic AL.
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- 2022
6. Morphologies and Compositions of α–Al15Fe3Si2-Type Intermetallics in Al–Si–Fe–Mn–Cr Alloys
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Benyou Liu, Changcheng Ma, Long Li, Chaohui Yang, Nan Yu, Weimin Wang, and Tong Gao
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Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
7. Surface Roughness Simulation During Rotational–Magnetorheological Finishing of Poppet Valve Profiles
- Author
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Manjesh Kumar, Manas Das, and Nan Yu
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Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
8. Study on Construction Mechanism of Ceramic–Metal Thermal Barrier Coating System by Plasma Spraying
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Junyi Xiao, Jiajing Pan, Yu Gu, Haitao Lu, Nan Yu, Mingli Lv, and Xiaolin Chen
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Mechanics of Materials ,Metals and Alloys ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
9. Synchronous constructing ion channels and confined space of Co3O4 anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
- Author
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Yan Zhou, Chao Wang, Feiran Chen, Tingjuan Wang, Yaoyao Ni, Hongxia Sun, Nan Yu, and Baoyou Geng
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General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2022
10. Numerical and Experimental Study on the Deposition Mechanisms of Plasma Spraying on 7075 Aluminum Alloy
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Yu Gu, Jiajing Pan, Haitao Lu, Junyi Xiao, Changcheng Ma, and Nan Yu
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science - Published
- 2023
11. Physicochemical and sensory acceptance of functional beverages from Ginkgo biloba seed extracts
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Hao Gong, Yu-Qi Zhang, Tao Wang, Shuai Wang, Nan-Nan Yu, Wei-Dong Wang, Yong-Hua Wu, and Heng Yuan
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General Chemical Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science - Published
- 2022
12. Organic porous solid as promising iodine capture materials
- Author
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Ya-Nan Yu, Zheng Yin, Li-Hui Cao, and Yang-Min Ma
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General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Food Science - Published
- 2022
13. Green road–rail intermodal routing problem with improved pickup and delivery services integrating truck departure time planning under uncertainty: an interactive fuzzy programming approach
- Author
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Yan Sun, Nan Yu, and Baoliang Huang
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Computational Mathematics ,Artificial Intelligence ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Information Systems - Abstract
This paper addresses the multi-objective optimization for the road–rail intermodal routing problem that aims to minimize the total costs and carbon dioxide emissions of the routes. To achieve high timeliness of the entire transportation process, pickup and delivery services are simultaneously improved based on the employment of fuzzy soft time windows to measure their service levels. The modeling of road–rail intermodal routing considers fixed schedules of rail and time flexibility of road to match the real-world transportation scenario, in which travel times and carbon dioxide emission factors of road services are considered to be time-varying. To improve the feasibility of the routing, uncertainty of travel times and carbon dioxide emission factors of road services and capacities of rail services are incorporated into the problem. By applying trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to formulate the uncertainty, we propose a fuzzy multi-objective nonlinear optimization model for the routing problem that integrates the truck departure time planning for road services. After processing the model with fuzzy chance-constrained programming and linearization, we obtain an auxiliary equivalent crisp linear model and solve it by designing an interactive fuzzy programming approach with the Bounded Objective Function method. Based on an empirical case study, we demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach and discuss the effects of improving the confidence levels and service levels on the optimization results. The case analysis reveals several managerial insights that help to realize an efficient transportation organization by making effective trade-offs among lowering costs, reducing emissions, improving service levels, and enhancing feasibility.
- Published
- 2021
14. Effect of non-thermal plasma (NTP) on common sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) seed growth via upregulation of antioxidant activity and energy metabolism-related gene expression
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Gyungsoon Park, Bing Han, Hu-Nan Sun, Jia-Bin Yu, Wei Zheng, Taeho Kwon, Nan-Nan Yu, Yong-Qing Zhang, Li-Na Zhang, and Yue Liu
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biology ,Physiology ,food and beverages ,Plant physiology ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Sunflower ,Superoxide dismutase ,Biochemistry ,Germination ,Seedling ,biology.protein ,Sunflower seed ,Plant hormone ,Helianthus ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
In recent years, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has been extensively applied in medical, environmental, biological, and agricultural fields. The sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is valued by farmers as a relatively common, economically valuable agricultural crop. In this study, our purpose was to use NTP technology to identify suitable conditions to promote sunflower seed germination and seedling growth, and to elucidate the mechanism of action. Our research found that 16.8 kV treatment for 15 s had the greatest effect on seed germination and growth in Chinese sunflower seeds. Interestingly, American sunflower seeds were not sensitive to this treatment. NTP treatment increased the concentration of solubilized protein, antioxidant enzyme activity and expression, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. It also upregulated ATPa2, ATPb1–3, the target of rapamycin (TOR), and growth-regulating factors (GRF) 1–3 and 6, while it downregulated ATPMI25 mRNA expression in 14-day-old sunflower leaves. These results indicate that argon NTP promoted sunflower seed germination and growth by regulating superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), ATP, TOR, and GRFs. Transcriptome analysis showed that various key genes are involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, pentose and glucoronate interconversions, DNA replication, and plant hormone signal transduction. Our analysis provides comprehensive gene expression information at the transcriptional level, which lays the foundation for further analysis of the function of candidate genes required for the development and growth of sunflower, and contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of sunflower growth.
- Published
- 2021
15. Open N-doped carbon coated porous molybdenum phosphide nanorods for synergistic catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
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Xiaodan Wang, Hongxia Sun, Wen Li, Nan Yu, Chao Wang, and Baoyou Geng
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Tafel equation ,Materials science ,Carbonization ,Phosphide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Activation energy ,Overpotential ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Molybdenum ,General Materials Science ,Nanorod ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Abstract
Molybdenum phosphide is a potential hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst. However, traditional high-temperature phosphating preparation methods are prone to damage of material morphology and agglomeration. Using the carbon skeleton to limit the size and morphology of MoP and to improve the conductivity of the material is an effective method to improve the performance of the catalyst. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of carbon skeleton and MoP composite structure on the catalytic mechanism of HER. We coated ZIF-8 on the surface of MoP nanorods, and obtained open N-doped carbon-coated porous MoP nanorods (N/C/MoP) through carbonization and phosphating. Studies have shown that the ZIF-8 coating effectively limits the size and morphology of the material and avoids agglomeration. Under alkaline conditions, N/C/MoP has a low overpotential of 169 mV for HER at 10 mA/cm2, which is 55 mV lower than MoP without a carbon layer. At the same time, its Tafel slope (51.3 mV/dec) is smaller than Pt/C (59.9 mV/dec), and it has good stability. Density functional theory (DFT) studies have shown that under alkaline conditions, there is a synergistic effect between the open N-doped carbon layer and the exposed MoP active surface, which reduces the activation energy of water and improves the catalytic performance of HER. It is worth noting that a tight coating will hinder the exposure of active sites and reduce catalytic activity.
- Published
- 2021
16. 1,3,5-Trithian Mediated Formation of Two New Tetranuclear Silver-Alkynyl Clusters and Investigation of Their Optical Features
- Author
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Wei Wang, Jie Wang, Dong-Nan Yu, Hao-Hai Wang, Kuan-Guan Liu, Xun Cheng, Xiao-Wei Yan, Jing-Zhe Li, and Zi-Xuan Yao
- Subjects
Materials science ,Coordination polymer ,Supramolecular chemistry ,Cationic polymerization ,Nanochemistry ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallography ,Phenylacetylene ,chemistry ,Cluster (physics) ,General Materials Science ,Thermal stability - Abstract
For investigating the regulatory effects of the 1,3,5-trithiane (3S) in the formation of silver-alkynyl clusters, two new tetra-nucleus silver-alkynyl clusters, namely, [(3S)4Ag4(PhC≡C)(OTf)2]·OTf·CH3OH (1, OTf = CF3SO3−), and [(3S)2Ag4(tBuC≡C)(tfa)3]n (2, tfa = CF3CO2−), were synthesized and their unique structures were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Cluster 1 was a discrete cationic tetra-nucleus cluster co-ligated by 3S and phenylacetylene. Cluster 2 was a 2D coordination polymer based on a structurally similar tetra-nucleus cluster linking by 3S. Both clusters show excellent thermal stability and bright solid-state photoluminescence properties at room temperature. This work opens the door to using the supramolecular ligand-thiocrown ether to synthesize Ag clusters of attractive properties.
- Published
- 2021
17. Colors, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity of Ginkgo biloba seeds affected by drying conditions
- Author
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Wei-dong Wang, Nan-nan Yu, Hao Gong, and Tao Wang
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant ,biology ,Vitamin C ,Ginkgo biloba ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,medicine.medical_treatment ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Flavonoid ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Vacuum drying ,Freeze-drying ,Antioxidant capacity ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,medicine ,Food science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Food Science - Abstract
Drying is an important pre-processing step in the application of Ginkgo biloba seeds powders in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Herein, the effects of sun drying (SD), freeze drying (FD), hot-air drying (HD) and vacuum drying (VD) with different temperature (50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C) on the color, proteins, key functional compounds (vitamin C and total flavonoids), and antioxidant properties of G. biloba seeds were investigated. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the differences in dried G. biloba seeds under different drying conditions and temperatures based on the above indexes. The effects of different drying methods on the quality of G. biloba seeds are as follows: SD > HD > VD > FD. PCA revealed that drying methods, time, and temperature have significant effects on the quality of G. biloba seeds After FD treatment, G. biloba seeds powders showed brighter color, highest protein (12.03 g/100 g), vitamin C (500.11 µg/g), and total flavonoid (2.33 mg/g) content; and highest antioxidant capacity. VD treatment at different temperatures preserve 84.11–86.63%, 77.95–86.98% and 79.83–87.12% of protein, vitamin C, and total flavonoid in dried G. biloba seeds compared to FD treatment. Higher antioxidant capacity of dried G. biloba seeds was also found in VD treatments compared to SD and HD. The application of VD treatment is beneficial to save costs and obtain high-quality G. biloba seeds compared to FD treatment.
- Published
- 2021
18. Dispersion and support dictated properties and activities of Pt/metal oxide catalysts in heterogeneous CO oxidation
- Author
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Yixuan Yang, Yuteng Fan, Shoujie Liu, Baoyou Geng, Lei Li, Nan Yu, Long Kuai, Jiaojiao Song, and Zhiming Chen
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Materials science ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,X-ray absorption fine structure ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical state ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Platinum ,Dispersion (chemistry) - Abstract
The source of activity of metal/metal oxides has always been an interesting, important but highly challenging research topic in heterogeneous catalysis. In CO oxidation reaction, this work clarifies dispersion and support dictated activities of Pt including single-atom (Pt1), 2.8 nm (PtNP-S) and 36 nm (PtNP-L) Pt supported on both reducible TiO2 and “inert” Al2O3 supports. The X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) shows that chemical state of Pt is affected by both dispersion and support: Pt1 presents fully oxidized state in both Pt1/TiO2 and Pt1/Al2O3; PtNP-S in PtNP-S/TiO2 appear nearly oxidized state while about half of Pt is metallic state in PtNP-S/Al2O3; PtNP-L in both PtNP-L/TiO2 and PtNP-L/Al2O3 exhibit metallic state. All the Pt species supported on TiO2 present much lower apparent activation barriers (Eapp) than that on Al2O3. Moreover, Pt1/TiO2 possesses dozen times of efficiency than PtNP-S/TiO2 although they have similar Eapp values. A truth is finally made clear that a reducible metal oxide with low oxygen vacancy formation energy is critical to endow Pt/metal oxide a high activity and the single-atom dispersion of Pt is the way to maximize the active sites of Pt/metal oxide.
- Published
- 2021
19. Investigating the clinical implication of corneometer and mexameter readings towards objective, efficient evaluation of psoriasis vulgaris severity
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Chao-Kai, Hsu, Nan-Yu, Cheng, Chao-Chun, Yang, Yun-Yo, Yen, and Sheng-Hao, Tseng
- Subjects
Hemoglobins ,Multidisciplinary ,Erythema ,Humans ,Psoriasis ,Water ,Severity of Illness Index - Abstract
In clinical settings, although Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scoring system can provide a quick visual assessment of the severity of psoriasis vulgaris, there is still a strong demand for higher efficiency and accuracy in quantifying the inflammation status of psoriatic lesions. Currently, there are already commercial systems, such as the Courage + Khazaka Corneometer and Mexameter that measure skin capacitance and optical reflectance, for conveniently quantifying the status of skin barrier function and erythema of skin. Despite numerous comparisons of the Courage + Khazaka system with the PASI scoring system, they are rarely compared on parity with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) based systems. In this study, we employed a custom-built DRS system shown to be able to determine the skin water-protein binding status and the hemoglobin concentration, and we performed cross-validation of the DRS measurement results with the readings derived from the Corneometer and Mexameter as well as a portion of the PASI scores. Our results revealed that the erythema readings from the Mexameter were a good representation of skin oxygenated hemoglobin but not the deoxygenated hemoglobin. On the other hand, the dermatologists recruited in this study were inclined to rate higher scores on the “erythema” category as skin’s deoxygenated hemoglobin level was higher. Thus, the Mexameter derived erythema readings may not be coherent with the PASI erythema scores. Further, the Corneometer derived skin capacitance readings were well correlated to the PASI “desquamation” and “thickness” scores, while the PASI “desquamation” evaluation was a dominating factor contributing to the DRS deduced water-protein binding status. We conclude that the DRS method could be a valuable addition to existing skin capacitance/reflectance measurement systems and the PASI scoring system toward achieving a more efficient and objective clinical psoriasis vulgaris severity evaluation.
- Published
- 2022
20. Effect of optimum process parameters on material removal in rotational-magnetorheological miniature gear profile polishing (R-MRMGPP) process
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Manjesh Kumar, Manas Das, and Nan Yu
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Mechanical Engineering ,Applied Mathematics ,Automotive Engineering ,General Engineering ,Aerospace Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
21. Investigating the clinical implication of corneometer and mexameter readings towards objective, efficient evaluation of psoriasis vulgaris severity
- Author
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Hsu, Chao-Kai, primary, Cheng, Nan-Yu, additional, Yang, Chao-Chun, additional, Yen, Yun-Yo, additional, and Tseng, Sheng-Hao, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. An SHR–SCR module specifies legume cortical cell fate to enable nodulation
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Liying Lan, Dong Wang, Yuchen Miao, Yayun Zhu, J. R. Shi, Jun Yang, Wentao Dong, Xiaowei Zhang, Yuru Wang, H. L. Dai, Chunhua Wang, Nan Yu, Jinpeng Gao, Huizhong Chang, Ertao Wang, Weibing Yang, Chunpeng Song, Shuang Wu, Lin Xu, and Zuhua He
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,Endosymbiosis ,biology ,Cell division ,Cellular differentiation ,Plant Root Nodulation ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,01 natural sciences ,Medicago truncatula ,Rhizobia ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Symbiosis ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Legumes, unlike other plants, have the ability to establish symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. It has been theorized that a unique property of legume root cortical cells enabled the initial establishment of rhizobial symbiosis1–3. Here we show that a SHORTROOT–SCARECROW (SHR–SCR) stem cell program in cortical cells of the legume Medicago truncatula specifies their distinct fate. Regulatory elements drive the cortical expression of SCR, and stele-expressed SHR protein accumulates in cortical cells of M. truncatula but not Arabidopsis thaliana. The cortical SHR–SCR network is conserved across legume species, responds to rhizobial signals, and initiates legume-specific cortical cell division for de novo nodule organogenesis and accommodation of rhizobia. Ectopic activation of SHR and SCR in legumes is sufficient to induce root cortical cell division. Our work suggests that acquisition of the cortical SHR–SCR module enabled cell division coupled to rhizobial infection in legumes. We propose that this event was central to the evolution of rhizobial endosymbiosis. Repurposing of an SHR–SCR stem cell program in the legume root cortex enables rhizobial symbiosis.
- Published
- 2020
23. Development of China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle
- Author
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Yu Liu, Zhi Xin Wu, Nan Yu, Han Zheng, Jing Yuan Li, Xiao Pan An, Meng Liang Li, and Hua Zhou
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Computer science ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Automotive industry ,02 engineering and technology ,Energy consumption ,Automotive engineering ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Data acquisition ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Automotive Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Fuel efficiency ,Idle speed ,CLTC ,business ,Research center ,Driving cycle - Abstract
Driving cycles provide a basis for vehicle development and calibration and also serves as the foundation for energy consumption and emissions certification of vehicles. This paper presents the China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC) developed by the China Automotive Technology & Research Center (CATARC). First, the important steps and technical routes toward the CLTC development process are summarized. Second, the specific CLTC development process is presented in detail, including the data acquisition and data analysis procedures, weighting factor development and driving cycle construction. Then, the main driving characteristics of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC), the Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75), the CLTC and the actual collected data are compared. The CLTC has low average speed, a high idle speed ratio and more frequent acceleration and deceleration characteristics. Finally, 70 vehicles are tested based on the NEDC, WLTC, and CLTC according to their legislative procedures in the vehicle emission laboratories of the CATARC and the manufacturers. The results show that the CLTC’s fuel consumption is much higher than that of the NEDC and WLTC, and CLTC can effectively reflect the actual fuel consumption of users.
- Published
- 2020
24. Foreword to the Special Issue on Nanomanufacturing and Atomic & Close-to-Atomic Scale Manufacturing (ACSM)
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Nan Yu, Stuart Reid, Rebecca Cheung, and Vasileios Koutsos
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Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
25. Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis and Feasibility of Endoscopic Treatment in Ulcerative Early Gastric Cancer
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Ming-Han Ren, Ya-Nan Yu, Yuning Chu, Yun-Qing Chen, Xing-Si Qi, Peng Zhang, Zibin Tian, and Tao Mao
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Lymphovascular invasion ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Perineural invasion ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gastrectomy ,Risk Factors ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Surgical oncology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Survival rate ,Retrospective Studies ,Univariate analysis ,Gastrointestinal Oncology ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,Early Gastric Cancer ,Oncology ,Gastric Mucosa ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Feasibility Studies ,Lymph Node Excision ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
Background When the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is considered minimal in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective alternative to radical resection. This study aims to estimate the feasibility of ESD for EGC with ulceration. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 691 patients who underwent gastrectomy for EGC with ulceration. Subsequently, a stratification system for lesions was created based on the expanded ESD criteria, and the associations between the subgroups and the rate of LNM were analyzed. Results LNM was confirmed in 16.5% (114/691) of patients. Univariate analysis demonstrated that age, sex, tumor size, macroscopic features, depth of invasion, tumor differentiation, Lauren type, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion were associated with LNM. Multivariate analysis showed that LVI [odds ratio (OR) = 16.761, P P = 0.028), and SM2 invasion (OR = 3.230, P Conclusions Depth of invasion and LVI were strongly associated with LNM in ulcerative EGC. Endoscopic resection may be applicable for undifferentiated mucosal ulcerative EGC
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- 2020
26. microRNA-93-5p promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via a microRNA-93-5p/MAP3K2/c-Jun positive feedback circuit
- Author
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Tao-Tao Liu, Asha Balakrishnan, Xiang-Nan Yu, Ling Dong, Guang-Cong Zhang, Hong-Ying Guo, Ji-Min Zhu, Guangqi Song, Michael Ott, Jialei Sun, Hai-Rong Zhu, Xuan Shi, Xizhong Shen, Enkhnaran Bilegsaikhan, and Shuqiang Weng
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Three prime untranslated region ,c-jun ,RNA activation ,MAP3K2 ,Biology ,digestive system diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,microRNA ,Gene expression ,Genetics ,Cancer research ,Protein kinase A ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Cumulative evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) promote gene expression in cancers. However, the pathophysiologic relevance of miRNA-mediated RNA activation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be established. Our previous miRNA expression profiling in seven-paired HCC specimens revealed miR-93-5p as an HCC-related miRNA. In this study, miR-93-5p expression was assessed in HCC tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The correlation of miR-93-5p expression with survival and clinicopathological features of HCC was determined by statistical analysis. The function and potential mechanism of miR-93-5p in HCC were further investigated by a series of gain- or loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in vivo. We identified that miR-93-5p, overexpressed in HCC specimens and cell lines, leads to poor outcomes in HCC cases and promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cell lines. Mechanistically, rather than decreasing target mRNA levels as expected, miR-93-5p binds to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP3K2) to directly upregulate its expression and downstream p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, thereby leading to cell cycle progression in HCC. Notably, we also demonstrated that c-Jun, a downstream effector of the JNK pathway, enhances miR-93-5p transcription by targeting its promoter region. Besides, downregulation of miR-93-5p significantly retarded tumor growth, while overexpression of miR-93-5p accelerated tumor growth in the HCC xenograft mouse model. Altogether, we revealed a miR-93-5p/MAP3K2/c-Jun positive feedback loop to promote HCC progression in vivo and in vitro, representing an RNA-activating role of miR-93-5p in HCC development.
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- 2020
27. Observation of Bose–Einstein condensates in an Earth-orbiting research lab
- Author
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James R. Kellogg, Norman Lay, Chelsea Dutenhoffer, Nan Yu, Robert J. Thompson, Ethan Elliott, David Aveline, Kamal Oudrhiri, Jason Williams, Robert Shotwell, and James M. Kohel
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Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases ,Physics ,Multidisciplinary ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Trapping ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Rubidium ,Computational physics ,Duality (electricity and magnetism) ,chemistry ,law ,Ultracold atom ,0103 physical sciences ,Atom ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,010306 general physics ,Low Mass ,Quantum ,Bose–Einstein condensate - Abstract
Quantum mechanics governs the microscopic world, where low mass and momentum reveal a natural wave–particle duality. Magnifying quantum behaviour to macroscopic scales is a major strength of the technique of cooling and trapping atomic gases, in which low momentum is engineered through extremely low temperatures. Advances in this field have achieved such precise control over atomic systems that gravity, often negligible when considering individual atoms, has emerged as a substantial obstacle. In particular, although weaker trapping fields would allow access to lower temperatures1,2, gravity empties atom traps that are too weak. Additionally, inertial sensors based on cold atoms could reach better sensitivities if the free-fall time of the atoms after release from the trap could be made longer3. Planetary orbit, specifically the condition of perpetual free-fall, offers to lift cold-atom studies beyond such terrestrial limitations. Here we report production of rubidium Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in an Earth-orbiting research laboratory, the Cold Atom Lab. We observe subnanokelvin BECs in weak trapping potentials with free-expansion times extending beyond one second, providing an initial demonstration of the advantages offered by a microgravity environment for cold-atom experiments and verifying the successful operation of this facility. With routine BEC production, continuing operations will support long-term investigations of trap topologies unique to microgravity4,5, atom-laser sources6, few-body physics7,8 and pathfinding techniques for atom-wave interferometry9–12. A Bose–Einstein condensate prepared in low Earth orbit shows a free-expansion time greater than one second, demonstrating the advantages of a microgravity environment for such studies.
- Published
- 2020
28. Design and optimization of plasma jet nozzles based on computational fluid dynamics
- Author
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Yanni Yang, Renaud Jourdain, Fengzhou Fang, Adam Bennett, Nan Yu, and Mustapha Gourma
- Subjects
Figuring ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Fabrication ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nozzle ,Process (computing) ,Mechanical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Plasma ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Computer Science Applications ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Benchmark (computing) ,Inductively coupled plasma ,business ,Software - Abstract
This study aims at identifying an optimal solution for the design of convergent-divergent nozzles discharging high-temperature plasma jets. Optimized profile parameters (e.g. throat size, depths of convergent and divergent parts) were developed to enhance the processing capability of the inductively coupled plasma torch. The temperature and velocity of the plasma jet are studied both along the axis of the nozzle and onto the impinged substrate surface. Computational fluid dynamics analysis of 55 models with different cross-sectional profiles highlights cases that can be used to enhance plasma figuring processes. The enhanced nozzles are compared with the benchmark nozzle in all selection criteria. This optimization approach is proven to provide an efficient design method of plasma nozzles for future processing activities. The rapid design and optimization of the nozzle are expected to adjust the material removal footprint of plasma process in metre-scale optical fabrication. Experimental results prove that the enhanced nozzle has 5% higher efficiency against the original one.
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- 2020
29. Reproductive cycle of Ophiopholis mirabilis (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in Zhangzi Island area, northern Yellow Sea
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Fang Zhang, Nan Yu, Song Sun, and Guangtao Zhang
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Gonad ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ophiopholis ,Zoology ,Biology ,Oceanography ,biology.organism_classification ,Population density ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Common species ,Aquaculture ,Reproductive biology ,Scallop aquaculture ,medicine ,Reproduction ,business ,Water Science and Technology ,media_common - Abstract
Ophiopholis mirabilis is a common species with a high population density on the western coasts of the northern Pacific Ocean. The number of O. mirabilis has been increasing recently in the scallop aquaculture zone (the Zhangzi Island area, northern Yellow Sea) in China. To explore the mechanism of its population variation, the reproductive cycle of O. mirabilis was investigated in this area (39°04’N; 122°51’E) from February 2017 through January 2018 and determined by the monthly gonad index (GI), histological examinations of the gonads and the oocyte size-frequency distribution. O. mirabilis had a clear annual reproductive cycle that was synchronous between males and females. Sea temperature and food availability played important roles in O. mirabilis reproduction. The GI value was less reliable for determining reproductive activity in O. mirabilis because the nutritive tissues within the gonads may be utilized to synthesize gametes, leading to a decrease in GI during maturation. The histological results also show that abundant nutritive phagocytes were present in the gonads of O. mirabilis, which, together with the germ cells, affected the weight of the gonads. In addition, the mature oocytes of O. mirabilis were relatively small (75–150 µm), indicating that the larval development was planktotrophic. This study provided insights into the reproductive patterns and biology of O. mirabilis and is an essential basis for the quantity control of this species in aquaculture areas.
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- 2020
30. Upregulation of Excision Repair Cross-Complementation Group 6-Like (ERCC6L) Promotes Tumor Growth in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Xiaoxi Huang, Jiamei Ma, Xiang-Nan Yu, Ju Xiong, Guang-Cong Zhang, Xuemei Jiang, and Xiangyang Han
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Physiology ,Apoptosis ,Biology ,Flow cytometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,neoplasms ,Cell Proliferation ,Tissue microarray ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Microarray analysis techniques ,Cell growth ,Liver Neoplasms ,DNA Helicases ,Gastroenterology ,Cell cycle ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Gene Knockdown Techniques ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Cancer research ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Signal Transduction ,Nucleotide excision repair - Abstract
Excision repair cross-complementation group 6-like (ERCC6L) is overexpressed in some malignancies; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be further investigated. In the present study, we explored the expression and function of ERCC6L in HCC. We investigated the expression of ERCC6L by microarray analysis, using the Cancer Genome Atlas database, and by HCC tissue microarray. The results showed that ERCC6L expression was upregulated in tumor specimens and HCC cell lines. High ERCC6L expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with poor prognosis and could serve as an independent prognostic indicator for HCC patients. Results of in vitro and in vivo assays revealed that ERCC6L substantially promoted cell proliferation, and our flow cytometry analysis revealed that this was accomplished by acceleration of the G1/S transition. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis and western blotting results indicated that ERCC6L might regulate HCC proliferation by activating p53 signaling. Our study suggests that ERCC6L plays an important role in HCC proliferation and that it might serve as a promising therapeutic target in HCC.
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- 2020
31. Is fractal dimension a reliable imaging biomarker for the quantitative classification of an intervertebral disk?
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Junchao Ma, Ruifeng Wang, Yong Yu, Xiaotong Xu, Haifeng Duan, and Nan Yu
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Adult ,Male ,Imaging biomarker ,Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ,Electronic Supplementary Material ,Fractal dimension ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fractal ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Intervertebral Disc ,Aged ,030222 orthopedics ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Fractal analysis ,Quantitative classification ,Intervertebral disk ,Fractals ,Female ,Surgery ,business ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
This study aimed to explore the feasibility of the fractal method used in decoding disk heterogeneity, hoping to find a reliable imaging biomarker for the quantitative and continuous grading of intervertebral disks (IVDs). Totally, 180 IVDs in 65 low back pain patients (29 males, 36 female, 28–69 years) were examined with MRI. Each IVD was manually segmented on axial slice (at the mid-height layer of the disk). All disks were visually evaluated regarding degeneration grade, using Pfirrmann classification, by two experienced radiologists. Fractal dimension (FD) of the IVD was calculated from the defined regions of interest and correlated with Pfirrmann grade. Fractal dimension differed significantly between any two groups (P
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- 2020
32. Enhanced mLST8 Expression Correlates with Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Tao-Tao Liu, Xuan Shi, Guangqi Song, Hong-Ying Guo, Xiang-Nan Yu, Xizhong Shen, Shuqiang Weng, Ji-Min Zhu, Hai-Rong Zhu, Jialei Sun, Ling Dong, and Guang-Cong Zhang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,mTORC2 ,Disease-Free Survival ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Mechanistic target of rapamycin ,Protein kinase B ,MLST8 ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Aged, 80 and over ,Predictive marker ,mTOR Associated Protein, LST8 Homolog ,biology ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Up-Regulation ,Nomograms ,Oncology ,Tumor progression ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Multivariate Analysis ,Disease Progression ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, containing mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2, is dysregulated in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mammalian lethal with sec-13 protein 8 (mLST8) is a shared constituent of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, yet little is known regarding its role in HCC development. mLST8 expression was detected in a total of 186 pairs of HCC and adjacent non-tumor specimens. The correlation between mLST8 level and clinicopathological features or prognostic significance were analyzed. The role of mLST8 on biological functions was also preliminarily studied. The study revealed that the mLST8 level was dramatically higher in HCC specimens than in adjacent non-tumor specimens. mLST8 overexpression positively correlated with tumor size, differentiation, and vessel invasion. Cases with elevated mLST8 level had more unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) than those with downregulated mLST8 level. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that mLST8 upregulation was an independent predictive marker for OS and DFS. Calibration curves from nomogram models indicated an excellent coherence between nomogram prediction and actual situation. Decision curve analysis proved that mLST8-based nomograms presented much higher predictive accuracy when compared with conventional clinical staging systems. Mechanistically, mLST8 enhanced cell proliferation and invasion through the AKT (protein kinase B) pathway. Our study demonstrates that mLST8 exerts an oncogenic role in HCC and may become a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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- 2020
33. Air bearing: academic insights and trend analysis
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Guoda Chen, Bing-Feng Ju, Nan Yu, Yuehua Wan, Hui Fang, and Yijie Chen
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Engineering ,Foil bearing ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Science Citation Index ,Fluid bearing ,02 engineering and technology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Reynolds equation ,Field (computer science) ,Computer Science Applications ,Transport engineering ,Trend analysis ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Air bearing ,Ranking ,Control and Systems Engineering ,business ,Software - Abstract
The development of air bearing demands further research and certain guidance. The previous technical reviews focused on specific aspects, while bibliometric analysis employed in this paper gave a general overview on air bearing field and provided clearer research interest and development trend. The publications in the field of air bearing from 1990 to 2017 based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database were analyzed from the aspects of countries, institutions, research areas, journals, authors, keywords, reviews, and high cited papers, implemented by some representative and convincing indicators. The result showed that the USA held the dominant position in this field, followed by Japan and China. The University of California System held the top position in terms of total papers and h-indexes. It had shown a multi-disciplinary development trend of air bearings from the aspect of research area. Tribology related journal took high ranking of the list, in which “Journal of Tribology-Transactions of the ASME” ranked first. Bogy, D. B., made most contributions to the air bearing field, with the highest total citations and h-index. Thermal effects, foil bearing, dynamic analysis, and active compensation were hotspots. Reynolds equation, stability, optimization, load-carrying capacity, foil bearings, and aerostatic bearings were potential directions that might have greater opportunities for improvement. The improvement of air bearing requires common progress in multiple aspects.
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- 2019
34. An enhanced underwater camera apparatus for seabed observation of megabenthic epifauna in the northern Yellow Sea
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Xiaoxia Sun, Shiwei Wang, Nan Yu, Fang Zhang, Qun Liu, Song Sun, and Guangtao Zhang
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biology ,Ophiopholis ,Ophiura sarsii ,Sampling (statistics) ,Disc diameter ,Image processing software ,Oceanography ,biology.organism_classification ,Cluster size ,Underwater ,Geology ,Seabed ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Seabed photographing has been applied with various underwater camera apparatuses (UCAs) for observations of megabenthic epifauna, which reveals more details than traditional sampling tools do. In this study, we improved a UCA named a towed underwater video-camera system (TUV system) with image processing software for seabed photographing in coastal areas up to 100 m. In May 2017, the TUV system was tested at 4 stations in the Zhangzi Island marine area in the northern Yellow Sea to investigate local megabenthic epifauna, especially brittle stars. At each station, more than 500 good seabed photographs each in area of 0.155 0 m2 were obtained in just 10 min. Almost all of the epifauna larger than 1 mm could be identified from the photographs, including echinoderms, bivalves, cnidarians, and crustaceans. Three dominant brittle stars (Ophiopholis mirabilis, Ophiura sarsii vadicola, and Stegophiura sladeni) were spotted, and their abundance, disc diameter, cluster size, and coverage area were calculated and analyzed from the seabed photographs. The results show that the TUV system could be applied in coastal waters of hard sandy bottoms and could be used for quantitative investigations of megabenthic epifauna.
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- 2019
35. Augmentation of danusertib’s anticancer activity against melanoma by blockage of autophagy
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Ying-Yao Yu, Jie Dang, Chun-Mei Ma, Yuan-Yuan Shang, Weichao Li, Nan Yu, Yuan Wang, Li Xia, Ya-Ning Jiao, and Yun-Feng Li
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Cell cycle checkpoint ,Cell Survival ,Pharmaceutical Science ,02 engineering and technology ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Aurora kinase ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Autophagy ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Danusertib ,Melanoma ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,neoplasms ,Protein kinase B ,Cell Proliferation ,Chemistry ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Cell Cycle ,Cancer ,Chloroquine ,Drug Synergism ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Apoptosis ,Benzamides ,Cancer research ,Pyrazoles ,Female ,0210 nano-technology ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Previous evidence has shown that the increased expression of aurora kinase is closely related to melanoma progression and is an important therapeutic target in melanoma. Danusertib is an inhibitor of aurora kinase, and recent studies have shown that danusertib treatment induces autophagy in several types of cancer. Interestingly, autophagy plays a dual function in cancer as a pro-survival and anti-survival factor. In this study, we investigated the role of danusertib on the induction of autophagy in melanoma and determined the impact of autophagy induction on its anticancer activity against melanoma. Our results showed that danusertib can significantly inhibit melanoma growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that danusertib treatment significantly inhibits the oncogenic Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and induces autophagy in melanoma cells. Furthermore, we identified that the inhibition of autophagy can enhance the inhibitory effects of danusertib on melanoma growth. Thus, the induction of autophagy by danusertib appears to be a survival mechanism in melanoma cells that may counteract its anticancer effects. These findings suggest a novel strategy to enhance the anticancer efficacy of danusertib in melanoma by blocking autophagy.
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- 2019
36. MEST promotes lung cancer invasion and metastasis by interacting with VCP to activate NF-κB signaling
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Jing Zhang, Qing-Yu He, Zhenghua Sun, Yang-Jia Li, Bin Li, Wen Wen Xu, Wanting Liu, Jun-Ze Liang, Nan-Nan Yu, and Yang Wang
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Male ,Cancer Research ,Lung Neoplasms ,Mice, Nude ,Apoptosis ,Biology ,NF-κB ,Metastasis ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Gentamicin protection assay ,Valosin Containing Protein ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene silencing ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Lung cancer ,RC254-282 ,Cell Proliferation ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Research ,NF-kappa B ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Proteins ,Cancer ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Survival Rate ,IκBα ,Oncology ,chemistry ,MEST ,Cancer research ,Female ,Signal transduction ,VCP - Abstract
Background Cell invasion is a hallmark of metastatic cancer, leading to unfavorable clinical outcomes. In this study, we established two highly invasive lung cancer cell models (A549-i8 and H1299-i8) and identified mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST) as a novel invasive regulator of lung cancer. We aim to characterize its biological function and clinical significance in lung cancer metastasis. Methods Transwell invasion assay was performed to establish high-invasive lung cancer cell model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect MEST expression in tumor tissues. Mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analyses were used to identify MEST-regulated proteins and binding partners. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction of MEST and VCP. The biological functions of MEST were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to explore the colocalization of MEST and VCP. Results MEST overexpression promoted metastasis of lung cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by activating NF-κB signaling. MEST increased the interaction between VCP and IκBα, which accelerated IκBα degradation and NF-κB activation. Such acceleration was abrogated by VCP silencing, indicating that MEST is an upstream activator of the VCP/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, high expressions of MEST and VCP were associated with poor survival of lung cancer patients. Conclusion Collectively, these results demonstrate that MEST plays an important role in driving invasion and metastasis of lung cancer by interacting with VCP to coordinate the IκBα/NF-κB pathway. Targeting the MEST/VCP/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway may be a promising strategy to treat lung cancer.
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- 2021
37. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viruses in 4403 pediatric patients from multiple hospitals in Guangdong, China
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Sijing Zhu, Wenjuan Shen, Xiaoping Mu, Xin Li, Shengqi Huang, Hongxia Wang, Cong Chen, Congrong Wang, Bashan Zhang, Xiu Li, Bo Situ, Tian Cai, Yajie Zhang, Zihua Li, Fangyin Zeng, Feng Qiu, Lei Zheng, Weixuan Li, Nan Yu, Lin Qiao, Xianjin Wu, Jinxiu Yao, Chao Yang, Pingfeng Feng, Yuqiu Zhou, Yiwen Zhou, Guochang Wang, Yufeng Xiong, Weijia Wang, Na Li, Min Luo, Bo Hu, Xiumei Hu, and Shuling Lan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Acute respiratory infections ,Respiratory viral infections ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epidemiology ,Prevalence ,Influenza A virus ,Humans ,Medicine ,Multi-center ,Respiratory system ,Child ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Direct fluorescent antibody ,Viral etiology ,Seasonal ,Respiratory tract infections ,biology ,business.industry ,Research ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,virus diseases ,030112 virology ,Virology ,Hospitals ,Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ,Viruses ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
Background Acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in children. Unfortunately, there are limited multi-center data on common viral respiratory infections in south China. Methods A total of 4403 nasal swabs were collected from children in 10 cities in Guangdong, China in 2019. Seven respiratory viruses, influenza A virus (IFA), influenza B virus (IFB), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses (ADV) and parainfluenza virus types 1–3 (PIV1, PIV2 and PIV3), were detected by direct immunofluorescence antibody assay. The personal information and clinical characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results The results showed that at least one virus was detected in 1099 (24.96 %) samples. The detection rates of RSV, IFA, ADV, PIV3, PIV1 and PIV2 were 7.13 % (314/4403), 5.31 % (234/4403), 4.02 % (177/4403), 3.04 % (134/4403), 1.70 % (75/4403) and 1.16 % (51/4403), respectively. The detection rate of RSV was highest in 0–6-month-old children at 18.18 % (106/583), while the detection rate of IFA was highest in 12–18-year-old children at 20.48 % (17/83). The total detection rates in winter and spring were 35.67 % (219/614) and 34.56 % (403/1166), higher than those in summer, 17.41 % (284/1631), and autumn, 19.46 % (193/992). Conclusions RSV and IFA were the main respiratory viruses in children. With increasing age the detection rate of RSV decreased in children, but the trends for the detection rates of IFA and IFB were the opposite. This study provided the viral etiology and epidemiology of pediatric patients with ARI in Guangdong, China.
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- 2021
38. Investigation of water bonding status of normal and psoriatic skin in vivo using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
- Author
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Chao Chun Yang, Nan Yu Cheng, Shih Jay Chou, Chao Kai Hsu, Jun Ming Chang, Yun Yo Yen, Shih Yu Tzeng, and Sheng Hao Tseng
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin erythema ,Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform ,Science ,Uninvolved skin ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,010309 optics ,Lesion ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psoriatic skin ,In vivo ,Psoriasis ,0103 physical sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Multidisciplinary ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Spectrum Analysis ,Water ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Water Loss, Insensible ,Dermatology ,Skin diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Medicine ,Female ,Epidermis ,medicine.symptom ,Normal skin ,business ,Applied optics - Abstract
Psoriasis affects more than 125 million people worldwide, and the diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of the disease mainly rely on clinical assessments that could be subjective. Our previous study showed that the skin erythema level could be quantified using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and the hemoglobin concentration of most psoriatic lesion was higher than that of its adjacent uninvolved skin. While the compromised epidermal barrier function has been taken as the major cause of clinical manifestation of skin dryness and inflammation of psoriasis, very few methods can be used to effectively evaluate this function. In this study, we investigate the near infrared spectroscopic features of psoriatic (n = 21) and normal (n = 21) skin that could link to the epidermal barrier function. From the DRS measurements, it was found that the water bonding status and light scattering properties of psoriasis are significantly different from those of uninvolved or normal skin. The connection between these parameters to the epidermal barrier function and morphology will be discussed. Our results suggest that objective evaluation of epidermal barrier function of psoriasis could be achieved using a simple DRS system.
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- 2021
39. Prior Antiplatelet Therapy, Excluding Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage
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Po-Hsun Tu, Chi-Hung Liu, Yu-Sheng Lin, Ping K. Yip, Nan-Yu Chen, Zhuo-Hao Liu, Yu-Chi Wang, and Ching-Chang Chen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Phosphodiesterase inhibitor ,Aged ,Cerebral Hemorrhage ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Mortality rate ,Hazard ratio ,Retrospective cohort study ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,Confidence interval ,Treatment Outcome ,030104 developmental biology ,Adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor ,Propensity score matching ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
There is conflicting results on whether prior antiplatelet therapy (APT) is associated with poor outcome in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) patients. To determine whether prior APT is associated with spontaneous ICH, and whether there is a difference between the different types of APT, including cyclooxygenase inhibitor (COX-I), adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor (ADP-I) and phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE-I). A retrospective study of patients with ICH diagnosed between 2001 and 2013 in the National Health Insurance Research Database. Baseline unbalance between APT and non-APT groups was solved by multivariable adjustment (primary analysis) and propensity score matching (sensitivity analysis). Patients with prior APT had a higher rate of in-hospital death (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.23) compared to non-APT group. Compared to non-APT group, there was a greater rate of in-hospital death with spontaneous ICH with ADP-I (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.24-1.79) and COX-I (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09-1.25). PDE-I exhibited no difference in in-hospital death with spontaneous ICH (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.91-1.16) compared to non-APT group. Remarkably, the in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in the ADP-I group than in the PDE-I group (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.17-1.80). In this study, ADP-I and COX-1, but not PDE-I, are the most likely contributors to the association of APT with poor outcome with spontaneous ICH patients. These findings suggest that the complexity of the different mechanism of actions of prior APT can alter the outcome in spontaneous ICH.
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- 2019
40. Influence of virtual monochromatic spectral image at different energy levels on motion artifact correction in dual-energy spectral coronary CT angiography
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Yong Yu, Nan Yu, Xirong Zhang, Taiping He, Chuangbo Yang, Bingying Zhai, Haifeng Duan, and Yong-jun Jia
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Adult ,Male ,Computed Tomography Angiography ,Image quality ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Coronary Angiography ,Standard deviation ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Coronary artery disease ,Motion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Image noise ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Artifact (error) ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,equipment and supplies ,medicine.disease ,Coronary Vessels ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,Female ,Tomography ,Monochromatic color ,Artifacts ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
To investigate the influence of virtual monochromatic spectral (VMS) CT images at different energy levels on the effectiveness of a motion correction technique (SSF) in dual-energy Spectral coronary CT angiography (CCTA). 29 cases suspected of or diagnosed with coronary artery disease underwent Spectral CCTA using a prospective ECG triggering with 250 ms padding time. SSF was applied to the determined least-motion phase to generate 6 additional sets of VMS images with energy levels from 40 to 100 keV. CT value and standard deviation (SD) in the aortic root and epicardial adipose tissue were measured. Image quality of the RCA, LAD and LCX was evaluated on a per-vessel basis in each patient. Two reviewers evaluated the artery using the score of the segment. The low energy VMS images increased CT value and image noise compared with higher-energy VMS images, except 90 keV and 100 keV. The CNR of 40–70 keV were higher than those of 80–100 keV (P
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- 2019
41. Vesicular Li3V2(PO4)3/C hollow mesoporous microspheres as an efficient cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
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Kuangfu Huang, Nan Yu, Haoran Du, Baoyou Geng, Mengkang Yu, and Hongxia Sun
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polyvinylpyrrolidone ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Microsphere ,Ion ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Cathode material ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,Lithium ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Mesoporous material ,Carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Vesicular lithium vanadium phosphate/carbon hollow mesoporous microspheres were fabricated using a facile polyvinylpyrrolidone-assisted aerosol-spray-assisted method and subsequent heat-treatment. While changing the content of polyvinylpyrrolidone, we found that carbon content was adjustable on the surface of lithium vanadium phosphate. By optimizing the carbon content among the composites, the electrochemical performance can be enhanced significantly. The results of electrochemical performance tests suggested that the samples exhibited good cycle performance and high discharge capability in the voltages between 3.0–4.8 V. The observed excellent electrochemical performances could be attributed to the proper content of carbon coating and the vesicular hollow mesoporous microsphere structure, increasing the transmission rate of lithium ions and reducing the structural change during charging and discharging effectively.
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- 2019
42. Investigation of water bonding status of normal and psoriatic skin in vivo using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
- Author
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Yang, Chao-Chun, primary, Yen, Yun-Yo, additional, Hsu, Chao-Kai, additional, Cheng, Nan-Yu, additional, Tzeng, Shih-Yu, additional, Chou, Shih-Jay, additional, Chang, Jun-Ming, additional, and Tseng, Sheng-Hao, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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43. RNA sequencing reveals that Prx II gene knockout can down-regulate the allograft rejection of dermal mesenchymal stem cells
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Yong-Qing Zhang, Hu-Nan Sun, Ying-Hao Han, Yu-Jin Jo, Yu-Dong Cui, Jeongwoo Kwon, Li-Yun Yu, Dong-Seok Lee, Aiguo Wang, Taeho Kwon, Nan-Nan Yu, Mei-Hua Jin, Ying-Ying Mao, Gui-Nan Shen, and Ying-Hua Jin
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell ,RNA ,Molecular biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Transplantation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Stem cell ,KEGG ,Gene ,Gene knockout ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze and compare bulk cell samples from wild-type (WT) dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) (n = 3) and Prx II knockout DMSCs (n = 3). The purpose of the study was to elucidate the role of Prx II on allogeneic immune rejection of transplanted DMSCs. The results revealed differential expression of 472 genes (176 up-regulated and 296 down-regulated; p ≤ 0.05) between the PrxII+/+ (WT) and PrxII−/− sample groups. When highly regulated genes were categorized according to the Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function classification and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the PrxII−/− samples showed a robust downward trend in allograft rejection. The study identified 43 all immunologically rejected differentially expressed genes, of which 41 showed lower expression in the PrxII−/− vs. PrxII+/+ (WT) samples. These findings suggest that Prx II gene knockout may down-regulate the allograft rejection that occurs during DMSCs transplantation and improve the survival rate of DMSCs in the host. This study provides a new perspective on the clinical treatment of stem cell transplantation.
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- 2020
44. Feasibility of pulmonary MRI for nodule detection in comparison to computed tomography
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Shaoyu Wang, Shan Dang, Nan Yu, Chuangbo Yang, Guangming Ma, Yong Yu, and Zhanli Ren
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Male ,Nodule detection ,lcsh:Medical technology ,Scoring criteria ,Computed tomography ,Breath Holding ,Multidetector Computed Tomography ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Prospective Studies ,Radial VIBE ,Lung ,Reference standards ,Aged ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Nodule (medicine) ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Image evaluation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,lcsh:R855-855.5 ,Technical Advance ,Feasibility Studies ,Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ,Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Pulmonary nodules - Abstract
Background To assess the feasibility of various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences for the detection of pulmonary nodules by comparing the detection rate of computed tomography (CT). Methods Forty-two patients with pulmonary nodules detected by multi-slice CT (MSCT) were prospectively enrolled in the present study between November 2016 and February 2017. Chest MRI was acquired within 24 h of CT. The MRI protocol included free-breathing radial VIBE (r-VIBE) and a conventional breathhold T1-weighted VIBE (C-VIBE) were analyzed by two independent radiologists. Both detection and morphology results of each MRI image were recorded. Subjective image evaluation in terms of overall nodule morphology on the MRI images was carried out using the 4-point scoring criteria. The MRI results were compared with those from CT, with the results of MSCT serving as the reference standard. Results Two hundred and fifty-eight solid pulmonary nodules in 42 patients were detected by CT. The r-VIBE correctly detected 94% of the pulmonary nodules as compared with CT. The detection rate increased to 100% for lesions ≥6 mm. The C-VIBE had a lower overall detection rate (64.3%) of pulmonary nodules. The difference in the subjective image evaluation scores between the two sequences was statistically significant (p Conclusion Significantly increased detection rates were obtained with free-breathing r-VIBE as compared with C-VIBE for the detection of pulmonary nodules and also provided more information when evaluating the nodules as compared with C-VIBE.
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- 2020
45. The application and accuracy of feature matching on automated cephalometric superimposition
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Qingfeng Li, Si-qi Liu, Bing Han, Tianmin Xu, Guangying Song, Yi-ran Jiang, Xiao-nan Yu, and Yuanbo Dou
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lcsh:Medical technology ,Landmark ,Feature matching ,Cephalometry ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Anterior cranial ,Pattern recognition ,Orthodontic(s) ,Tracing ,lcsh:R855-855.5 ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Cephalometric superimposition ,Humans ,Superimposition ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Accuracy ,Algorithms ,Research Article ,Digital imaging/radiology ,Automated method - Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to establish a computer-aided automated method for cephalometric superimposition and to evaluate the accuracy of this method based on free-hand tracing. Methods Twenty-eight pairs of pre-treatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) cephalograms were selected. Structural superimpositions of the anterior cranial base, maxilla and mandible were independently completed by three operators performing traditional hand tracing methods and by computerized automation using the feature matching algorithm. To quantitatively evaluate the differences between the two methods, the hand superimposed patterns were digitized. After automated and hand superimposition of T2 cephalograms to T1 cephalometric templates, landmark distances between paired automated and hand T2 cephalometric landmarks were measured. Differences in hand superimposition among the operators were also calculated. Results The T2 landmark differences in hand tracing between the operators ranged from 0.61 mm to 1.65 mm for the three types of superimposition. There were no significant differences in accuracy between hand and automated superimposition (p > 0.05). Conclusions Computer-aided cephalometric superimposition provides comparably accurate results to those of traditional hand tracing and will provide a powerful tool for academic research.
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- 2020
46. Progress and prospect on imaging diagnosis of COVID-19
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Lan Song, Baojun Xie, Xin Sui, Xiuhua Hu, Li Fan, Nannan Zheng, Longjiang Zhang, Huadan Xue, Wenjie Yang, Bing Zhang, Zhengyu Jin, Xiaoyi Duan, Huai Chen, Nan Yu, Dong Li, Lina Zhang, Liqing Peng, Zaiyi Liu, Kailiang Cheng, and Shiyuan Liu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Polymers and Plastics ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Public health ,Therapeutic evaluation ,Clinical Practice ,medicine ,Related research ,Imaging diagnosis ,Ct findings ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
COVID-19 has become a public health emergency due to its rapid transmission. The appearance of pneumonia is one of the major clues for the diagnosis, progress and therapeutic evaluation. More and more literatures about imaging manifestations and related research have been reported. In order to know about the progress and prospective on imaging of COVID-19, this review focus on interpreting the CT findings, stating the potential pathological basis, proposing the challenge of patients with underlying diseases, differentiating with other diseases and suggesting the future research and clinical directions, which would be helpful for the radiologists in the clinical practice and research.
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- 2020
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47. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Downregulation of the long noncoding RNA MBNL1-AS1 protects sevoflurane-pretreated mice against ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting KCNMA1
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Shao-Nan Yu, Xue-Feng Li, Guoqing Zhao, Zong-Qiang Wang, and Longyun Li
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0301 basic medicine ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Cell ,Skeletal muscle ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cyclin D1 ,Downregulation and upregulation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Myocyte ,Signal transduction ,Cyclin D3 ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most common and cost-effective treatment for older adults with long-standing osteoarthritis. During TKA, muscle cells suffer from prolonged oxygen deficiency, which leads to altered cell metabolism that reduces the energy demand and maintains cell homeostasis before blood flow is restored. This study focused on the role of the lncRNA muscleblind-like 1 antisense RNA 1 (MBNL1-AS1) in protecting sevoflurane-pretreated mice against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after TKA, as well as the elucidation of the potential associated mechanism. Identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs was performed using the microarray dataset GSE21164, which was extracted from the GEO database. Target genes of the lncRNA were determined using Multi-Experiment Matrix (MEM), a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and KEGG enrichment analyses. The results showed that MBNL1-AS1 was overexpressed in skeletal muscle cells in mice, while KCNMA1, which was enriched in the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, was negatively regulated by MBNL1-AS1. Furthermore, I/R mice displayed serious inflammatory reactions. Down-regulation of MBNL1-AS1 increased the expression of KCNMA1, PKGII, VASP, VEGF, Bcl-2, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D3, and Cdc 42 but decreased the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP. Furthermore, upon MBNL1-AS1 upregulation, the rate of cell apoptosis increased while the rate of cell proliferation decreased. Our data suggested that down-regulated lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 might promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells by upregulating KCNMA1 expression via activation of the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, thus protecting sevoflurane-pretreated mice against I/R injury after TKA.
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- 2018
48. Regional variation limits applications of healthy gut microbiome reference ranges and disease models
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Hongwei Zhou, Guiyuan Ji, Nan Yu, Hui-Min Zheng, Li-Yi Lyu, Peng Chen, Zu-Hua Rong, Daniel McDonald, Prabhakar Mujagond, Pan Li, Wei Wu, Xian Wang, Jia Yin, Chong-Bin Wu, Xiaojiao Chen, Zihui Chen, Yan He, Wenjun Ma, Mu-Xuan Chen, Hua-Fang Sheng, Zhong-Dai-Xi Zheng, Yanjun Xu, Jeroen Raes, and Rob Knight
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,Public health ,General Medicine ,Disease ,Gut flora ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Biomarker (cell) ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Microbiome ,Risk assessment ,Dysbiosis - Abstract
Dysbiosis, departure of the gut microbiome from a healthy state, has been suggested to be a powerful biomarker of disease incidence and progression1–3. Diagnostic applications have been proposed for inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and prognosis4, colorectal cancer prescreening5 and therapeutic choices in melanoma6. Noninvasive sampling could facilitate large-scale public health applications, including early diagnosis and risk assessment in metabolic7 and cardiovascular diseases8. To understand the generalizability of microbiota-based diagnostic models of metabolic disease, we characterized the gut microbiota of 7,009 individuals from 14 districts within 1 province in China. Among phenotypes, host location showed the strongest associations with microbiota variations. Microbiota-based metabolic disease models developed in one location failed when used elsewhere, suggesting that such models cannot be extrapolated. Interpolated models performed much better, especially in diseases with obvious microbiota-related characteristics. Interpolation efficiency decreased as geographic scale increased, indicating a need to build localized baseline and disease models to predict metabolic risks. The definition of a 'healthy' microbiome is impacted by geographic regional variations.
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- 2018
49. State of the art of intraocular lens manufacturing
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Bing Wu, Ying Cheng, Nan Yu, Fengzhou Fang, and Lan Zeng
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genetic structures ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Intraocular lens ,01 natural sciences ,eye diseases ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Computer Science Applications ,law.invention ,010309 optics ,Lens (optics) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intraocular lenses ,Control and Systems Engineering ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,medicine ,Optometry ,sense organs ,Software - Abstract
Intraocular lens implantation surgery is the only approach for cataract treatment at present. Apart from removing the cloudy lens, correction of refractive errors becomes the second main function of intraocular lenses. This paper systematically summarizes the intraocular lenses in terms of its material, design, manufacturing and evaluation. The next generation of intraocular lenses with customized freeform surfaces is highlighted from the lens design viewpoint. The status of processing and measurement methods is presented for both current intraocular lenses and future freeform lenses. Finally, the research perspectives are outlined.
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- 2018
50. Evaluation of ocean-atmospheric indices as predictors for summer streamflow of the Yangtze River based on ROC analysis
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Sheng-Nan Yu, Qin Huang, Yong Hou, Yuanfang Chen, and Ran-Ran He
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Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Receiver operating characteristic ,Atmospheric circulation ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Northern Hemisphere ,Multivariate ENSO index ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,020801 environmental engineering ,Sea surface temperature ,Climatology ,Streamflow ,Yangtze river ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Southern Hemisphere ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Antecedent anomalies of sea surface temperature and atmospheric circulation are important signals for making long-term streamflow forecasts. In this study, four groups of ocean-atmospheric indices, i.e, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation (SAC), and the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean SST (WPI), are evaluated for forecasting summer streamflow of the Yangtze River. The gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT) is used to forecast streamflow based on each group of indices. The score based on receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, i.e., area under the ROC curve (AUC), is used to evaluate skills of models for identifying the high category and the low category of summer streamflow. It is found that the ENSO group and the SAC group show higher AUC values. Furthermore, both AUC values of GBRT models and individual indices show that the low flow years are easier to be identified than the high flow years. The result of this study highlights the skill from the Southern Hemisphere circulation systems for forecasting summer streamflow of the Yangtze River. Results of relative influences of predictors in GBRT models and AUC of individual indices indicate some key ocean-atmospheric indices, such as the Multivariate ENSO Index and the 500-hPa height of the east of Australia.
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- 2018
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