Search

WOS:000427804800018; In this study, we combined remote sensing data and in situ observations to explore the potential habitats of macroalgae at Libukang Island, Indonesia. High-resolution satellite images from the GeoEye-1 were used to estimate and to map the geomorphological structures together with macroalgal species in the study area. Seasonal variations of percentage cover and biomass of macroalgae associated with substrates were investigated in May and November 2014, and June 2015, using quadrats as sampling unit. A total of nine common genera were found in the study area with three dominant genera: Sargassum, Padina, and Turbinaria. Most of macroalgae was observed in the eastern part of the Island, on several substrate types and particular oceanographic conditions (wave and current). Mean biomasses of Sargassum and Padina were high in May (1189.6 +/- 455 and 166.7 +/- 15.4 g DW.m(-2), respectively), while the biomass of Turbinaria was high in November (3245 +/- 599.8 g DW.m(-2)). The map accuracy of image classification for all typology substrates was 74.19%. Overall, approximately 62.3% of the total study area can be considered as potential for natural macroalgae habitats. Spectral response characteristic of shallow water substrates at study area based on GeoEye-1 is also presented. The results of this study exhibit a potential utilization of natural macroalgae in the study area, and provide information for a possible diversification of the use of macroalgae in Indonesia. The method could be useful for habitat management and future biomonitoring in the study area or other similar areas in Indonesia.

In this study, one-year-old shoots of the olive (Olea europaea L.) cv. Gemlik were tested at artificial low temperatures (4, -5A degrees C, -10A degrees C, and -20A degrees C) every month for two years. For low temperature treatment, the degree of cell membrane injury in leaves and barks was determined by ion leakage method. In addition, with regard to antioxidative defense mechanism, activities of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) enzymes were determined. Leaf and bark tissues subjected to 4A degrees C and -5A degrees C injured to a limited extent in all months. However, more than 50% injury occurred by temperatures equal to or colder than -10A degrees C treatments depending on the season. For -10A degrees C and -20A degrees C treatments, the lowest and the highest injury in leaf and bark tissues were detected during winter and summer seasons, respectively. We determined in this study that CAT and APX enzyme activities are generally higher during fall and winter compared with those in summer. On the other hand, CAT and APX enzyme activities started increasing during fall along with a decreasing freezing injury while the activities of these enzymes decreased to some extent during winter when freezing injury was the lowest. In addition, while CAT activity decreased with low temperature treatments, APX activity did not change until -5A degrees C treatment but decreased with decreasing temperatures starting from -10A degrees C depending on the month the tissue was obtained. In conclusion, olive plant shows considerable tolerance to low temperatures that are achieved after daily gradual decreases by increasing cell membrane stability through complicated mechanisms including antioxidative enzyme metabolisms. In addition, APX may be more effective in maintaining cold-hardiness of olive compared with CAT. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı

A large-scale field experiment on the drying behavior of Norway Spruce (Picea abies Karst.) and Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in relation to the felling date was conducted over a period of 24 weeks in order to investigate the existence of variations linked to lunar rhythms, which are mentioned as having a role in many traditional forestry practices. The measured criteria were the water loss from fresh to dry state, the shrinkage linked to this water loss, and the relative density (ratio between the dry density and the initial fresh density) for both sapwood and heartwood in Picea and heartwood in Castanea. In addition to seasonal trends, slight but significant variations with lunar periodicities (both synodic and sidereal; to a much lesser extent tropic) characterize the three investigated criteria. These lunar rhythmicities occur in both Picea and Castanea, in heartwood and sapwood. These results raise new questions and perspectives about a rhythmic character of the wood-water relation.