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Evidence suggests that enolase-phosphatase 1 (ENOPH1) is involved in the progression of some certain types of cancers and acts as an oncogenic factor in tumor progression. The present study aimed to identify the central role of ENOPH1 in the progression of breast cancer (BC), a highly proliferative and aggressive disease.ENOPH1 expression in BC tissues was explored based on the online resource and 40 paired fresh BC and para-carcinoma samples. Functional assays were performed to evaluate the biological effect of ENOPH1 on cell proliferation and migration in ENOPH1-silenced or overexpressing BC cell lines. Blockade of NF-κB by BAY11-7082 was performed to evaluate whether ENOPH1 exerted tumor-promoting properties via regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Results of the present study demonstrated that ENOPH1 expression was profoundly upregulated in BC tissues compared with adjacent breast tissues, and ENOPH1 expression was associated with cancer stage, node metastasis status, and overall survival. Functional assays demonstrated that ENOPH1 overexpression significantly accelerated BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while genetic knockdown of ENOPH1 yielded the opposite effects. Mechanistically, ENOPH1 activated the NF-κB pathway, as evidenced by increased expression of NF-κB downstream genes and enhanced NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Furthermore, the oncogenic properties of ENOPH1 in proliferation, migration, and invasion were restrained following inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.These findings indicated the significance of ENOPH1 in promoting cell proliferation and invasion, mainly through activating the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that ENOPH1 might be an attractive prognostic factor and a potential target for BC therapy.

Alfalfa expresses significantly distinct sets of genes in response to infection with different rhizobial strains at the below species level (i.e., biotype or strain). However, differences in the transcriptomic profiles of two alfalfa cultivars nodulated by a single rhizobium strain have been largely unexamined. In this study, comparative RNA-seq analysis of two alfalfa cultivars, Medicago sativa cv. Gannong No. 3 (G3) and cv. Gannong No. 9 (G9) inoculated with one Ensifer meliloti strain LL2, with varying symbiotic performance, was conducted, followed by hub gene interaction network construction based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The G9-LL2 symbiotic system showed better nodule formation, nitrogen fixation, and growth characteristics than the G3-LL2 system. Compared with the non-inoculated control, the LL2-inoculated G9 plants (10,053) produced more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than the LL2-inoculated G3 plants (7112). A group of 227 genes displayed completely distinguished expression in G9 (6.63 2(FC) 2(FC) 2(FC) was observed in G9 plants. Hub gene interaction networks showed that NCRs, late nodulin, and genes related to plant immunity (TIR-NBS-LRR, defensin, thioredoxin, thionine, and polygalacturonase) regulate other genes at the source node positions. After successful initiation of nodulation in both alfalfa cultivars G3 and G9 by E. meliloti strain LL2, G9 achieved preferable outcomes of rhizobia–alfalfa symbiosis by equilibrating the antagonism and compatibility of plant immunity. It elevated PTI, suppressed defense and ETI, and enhanced nitrogen fixation and utilization efficiency by inducing the expression of genes encoding NIN, NFH1, LysM-RLK, LRP, NCRs, nodulin, and leghemoglobin. Hub genes were predominantly associated with highly specific rhizobia–alfalfa symbiosis positively governed by NCRs and fine-tuned immune antagonism, comprising NCRs, late nodulin, and TIR-NBS-LRR. These findings provide insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the modification and efficient utilization of semi-compatible and incompatible rhizobial resources.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy against T cell malignancies faces major challenges including fratricide between CAR-T cells and product contamination from the blasts. Allogeneic CAR-T cells, generated from healthy donor T cells, can provide ready-to-use, blast-free therapeutic products, but their application could be complicated by graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and host rejection. Here we developed healthy donor-derived, CD7-targeting CAR-T cells (RD13-01) with genetic modifications to resist fratricide, GvHD and allogeneic rejection, as well as to potentiate antitumor function. A phase I clinical trial (NCT04538599) was conducted with twelve patients recruited (eleven with T cell leukemia/lymphoma, and one with CD7-expressing acute myeloid leukemia). All patients achieved pre-set end points and eleven proceeded to efficacy evaluation. No dose-limiting toxicity, GvHD, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity or severe cytokine release syndrome (grade ≥ 3) were observed. 28 days post infusion, 81.8% of patients (9/11) showed objective responses and the complete response rate was 63.6% (7/11, including the patient with AML). 3 of the responding patients were bridged to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With a median follow-up of 10.5 months, 4 patients remained in complete remission. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and/or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation was observed in several patients, and one died from EBV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Expansion of CD7-negative normal T cells was detected post infusion. In summary, we present the first report of a Phase I clinical trial using healthy donor-derived CD7-targeting allogeneic CAR-T cells to treat CD7sup+/suphematological malignancies. Our results demonstrated the encouraging safety and efficacy profiles of the RD13-01 allogeneic CAR-T cells for CD7sup+/suptumors.

Environmental geological disasters pose a significant threat to human life, property and environmental safety. It is necessary to conduct targeted governance in key prevention and control areas based on reasonable susceptibility assessment. Using the debris flow disaster in Xiuyan County as an example, this study compares and analyzes prone prediction models such as the frequency ratio (FR), decision tree (DT) and random forest (FR) models and evaluates the cost of prevention and control and the protection of life and property. The research results show that the FR, DT and RF models have good performance. The ROC test, disaster point density statistics and cross-validation results show that the RF model has the best performance. The study area was mainly less and mildly prone areas. The highly prone areas are mainly distributed in the northeast and southwest of the study area. It is the key area of disaster prevention and control. Elevation, rainfall intensity and population density have the largest influence on the susceptibility to debris flows. Based on the RF model, the disaster points in the highly prone areas account for 54% of the disaster points of the whole area, and the project treatment cost of the disaster points is 0.78 million yuan per single gully, which protects 56% of the lives and property in the study area, which is better than the DT and FR models. The RF model not only has good prediction performance in terms of susceptibility. It can realize the targeted management of disasters, achieve the targeted investment of governance costs and the effective protection of life and property and serve the sustainable development of the regional environment and economy with greater value.

Podocyte injury is a hallmark of glomerular diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. B7-1 is increased in injured podocytes, but its intrinsic role is controversial. The clinical data here revealed the intimate correlation of urinary B7-1 with severity of glomerular injury. Through transcriptomic and biological assays in B7-1 transgenic and adriamycin nephropathy models, we identified B7-1 is a key mediator in podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis through a series of signal transmission to β-catenin. Using LC-MS/MS, Hsp90ab1, a conserved molecular chaperone, was distinguished to be an anchor for transmitting signals from B7-1 to β-catenin. Molecular docking and subsequent mutant analysis further identified the residue K69 in the N terminal domain of Hsp90ab1 was the key binding site for B7-1 to activate LRP5/β-catenin pathway. The interaction and biological functions of B7-1-Hsp90ab1-LRP5 complex were further demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. We also found B7-1 is a novel downstream target of β-catenin. Our results indicate an intercrossed network of B7-1, which collectively induces podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis. Our study provides an important clue to improve the therapeutic strategies to target B7-1.

Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) mediated control of HIV-1 is enhanced by targeting highly networked epitopes in complex with human-leukocyte-antigen-class-I (HLA-I). However, the extent to which the presenting HLA allele contributes to this process is unknown. Here we examine the CTL response to QW9, a highly networked epitope presented by the disease-protective HLA-B57 and disease-neutral HLA-B53. Despite robust targeting of QW9 in persons expressing either allele, T cell receptor (TCR) cross-recognition of the naturally occurring variant QW9_S3T is consistently reduced when presented by HLA-B53 but not by HLA-B57. Crystal structures show substantial conformational changes from QW9-HLA to QW9_S3T-HLA by both alleles. The TCR-QW9-B53 ternary complex structure manifests how the QW9-B53 can elicit effective CTLs and suggests sterically hindered cross-recognition by QW9_S3T-B53. We observe populations of cross-reactive TCRs for B57, but not B53 and also find greater peptide-HLA stability for B57 in comparison to B53. These data demonstrate differential impacts of HLAs on TCR cross-recognition and antigen presentation of a naturally arising variant, with important implications for vaccine design.

Objectives To assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) in the Uyghur population in Hotan, Xinjiang, and to identify risk factors associated with this disorder. Methods Between January and September of 2020, 5,121 Uyghur subjects aged 18 − 98 years from 105 villages were selected and studied cross-sectionally using a whole-group random sampling method in the Hotan area, Xinjiang, China. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was used to collect subjective symptoms of DED and examine tear-film break-up times. The break up time and Schirmer’s test were used to collect objective signs, to determine the prevalence of DED and its risk factors. Results A total of 5,121 subjects aged 18 − 98 years were recruited from the Uyghur population in the Hotan region of Xinjiang, China, for eye examinations and questionnaire surveys. A total of 40.6% (2,078/5,121) were diagnosed with DED, of which 38.3% were male and 41.9% were female. The prevalence of DED was the highest in subjects ≥ 65 years of age, with 47.8% in males and 53.3% in females. The lowest occurrence was in subjects 18 − 44 years of age, with 32.5% in males and 33.7% in females. Older age, tea drinking, and staying awake late were risk factors affecting the severity of DED prevalence (p p > 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of DED in the study population was 40.6%, and its prevalence was higher in females, when compared with males. The prevalence of dry eye also increased with age, and at an advanced age, female sex, smoking, staying awake late, and not exercising were risk factors for DED.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is rapidly increasing nowadays and at a high risk to progress into chronic kidney disease (CKD). Of note, men are more susceptive to AKI, suggesting gender differences in AKI patients. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. To test it, we adopted two experimental models of AKI, including ischemia/reperfusion injury and rhabdomyolysis, which were constructed in age-matched male and female mice. We found severe damages of tubular apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and loss of renal function showing in male mice, while female mice only had very mild injury. We further tested the expression of Sirtuins, and found that female mice could preserve more Sirtuin members’ expression in case of kidney damage. Among Sirtuin family, Sirtuin 6 was maximally preserved in injured kidney in female mice, suggesting its important role involved in the gender differences of AKI pathogenesis. We then found that knockdown of androgen receptor (AR) attenuated tubular damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and retarded the loss of renal function. Overexpression of Sirtuin 6 also showed similar results. Furthermore, in cultured tubular cells, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) decreased Sirtuin 6 expression and exacerbated cell apoptosis. Ectopic expression of Sirtuin 6 sufficiently inhibited DHT-induced cell apoptosis. Mechanically, we found AR inhibited Sirtuin 6, leading to the repression of binding of Sirtuin 6 with PGC-1α. This resulted in acetylation of PGC-1α and inhibition of its activity, further triggered the loss of mitochondrial homeostasis. Our results provided new insights to the underlying mechanisms of gender differences in AKI, suggesting Sirtuin 6 maybe a new therapeutic target for preventing AKI in male patients.

Torreya plants produce dry fruits with assorted functions. Here, we report the 19-Gb chromosome-level genome assembly of T. grandis. The genome is shaped by ancient whole-genome duplications and recurrent LTR retrotransposon bursts. Comparative genomic analyses reveal key genes involved in reproductive organ development, cell wall biosynthesis and seed storage. Two genes encoding a C18 Δ9-elongase and a C20 Δ5-desaturase are identified to be responsible for sciadonic acid biosynthesis and both are present in diverse plant lineages except angiosperms. We demonstrate that the histidine-rich boxes of the Δ5-desaturase are crucial for its catalytic activity. Methylome analysis reveals that methylation valleys of the T. grandis seed genome harbor genes associated with important seed activities, including cell wall and lipid biosynthesis. Moreover, seed development is accompanied by DNA methylation changes that possibly fuel energy production. This study provides important genomic resources and elucidates the evolutionary mechanism of sciadonic acid biosynthesis in land plants.

Grain warehousing contributes persistent environmental effects in the food supply chain because of its long-term storage feature and distribution requirements. Thus, it has attracted a number of interdisciplinary researchers to the investigations of green grain warehousing (GGW) over the past decades. This paper presents a valuable comprehensive literature review on the existing publications on this topic via bibliometric analysis and systematic review based on 37 papers obtained from three common international academic databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost. We concluded a framework of existing literature with proposing three macro-themes (energy-saving in transporting, environmental harmony, and green deinsectization) as well as a classification of commonly used methods. The results revealed that (1) the increase in research interests over years was found; (2) there are differences in the attention of GGW among countries. Most of the scholars from developing countries focused more on the green operational technologies or strategies, while most of the scholars from developed countries placed their research focuses on keeping grain quality and developing environment-friendly deinsectization approaches with low emission or chemical alternatives; (3) grain quality started to become the most popular hotspot in recent years; (4) the researchers tended to use more comprehensive methodologies or combined methods to conduct their works. Accordingly, we proposed potential research directions. The contribution of this work is to extend current literature and to offer reference to scholars and practitioners for future research and operation in GGW.

Background The purpose was to determine the predictability of tooth movements through clear aligner among premolar extraction patients and to explore the effects of various factors on tooth movements. Methods A total of 31 extraction patients (10 males and 20 females; age 14–44) receiving clear aligner treatment (Invisalign) were enrolled in this study. The actual post-treatment models and pre-treatment models were superimposed using the palatal area as a reference and registered with virtual post-treatment models. A paired t test was used to compare the differences between actual and designed tooth movements of maxillary first molars, canines, and central incisors. A multivariate linear mixed model was performed to examine the influence of variables on actual tooth movements. Results Compared to the designed tooth movements, the following undesirable tooth movements occurred: mesial movement (2.2 mm), mesial tipping (5.4°), and intrusion (0.45 mm) of first molars; distal tipping (11.0°), lingual tipping (4.4°), and distal rotation of canines (4.9°); lingual tipping (10.6°) and extrusion (1.5 mm) of incisors. Age, crowding, mini-implant, overbite, and attachments have differential effects on actual tooth movements. Moreover, vertical rectangular attachments on canines are beneficial in achieving more predictable canine and incisor tooth movements over optimized attachments. Lingual tipping and extrusion of incisors were significantly influenced by the interaction effects between incisor power ridge and different canine attachments (p Conclusions Incisors, canines, and first molars are subject to unwanted tooth movements with clear aligners among premolar extraction patients. Age, crowding, mini-implant, overbite, and attachments influence actual tooth movements. Moreover, vertical rectangular attachments on canines are beneficial in achieving more predictable incisor tooth movements over optimized canine attachments.

Reprogramming the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment is a promising strategy for improving tumor immunotherapy efficacy. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system can be used to knockdown tumor immunosuppression-related genes. Therefore, here, a self-driven multifunctional delivery vector is constructed to efficiently deliver the CRISPR-Cas9 nanosystem for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) knockdown in order to amplify immunogenic cell death (ICD) and then reverse tumor immunosuppression. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a self-driven safety probiotic that can penetrate the hypoxia tumor center, allowing efficient delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to the tumor region. While LGG efficiently colonizes the tumor area, it also stimulates the organism to activate the immune system. The CRISPR/Cas9 nanosystem can generate abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the ultrasound irradiation, resulting in ICD, while the produced ROS can induce endosomal/lysosomal rupture and then releasing Cas9/sgRNA to knock down the IDO1 gene to lift immunosuppression. The system generates immune responses that effectively attack tumor cells in mice, contributing to the inhibition of tumor re-challenge in vivo. In addition, this strategy provides an immunological memory effect which offers protection against lung metastasis.

The side-blown vortex smelting reduction reactor proposed in this paper is a new type of metal extraction equipment. The study of fluid dynamics is significant for improving reactor performance. Physical simulation is used to analyze the effects of the angle and number of blown lances, nozzle diameter, gas flow rate, and measuring depths on the reactor’s transfer and mixing characteristics. Dimensional analysis is used to correlate dimensionless numbers (Reynolds number Re, modified Froude number Fr′, capillary number Ca, number of blown lances n, and horizontal angle of the blown lance α) with mixing time and multiphase flow behavior. The results show that when the nozzle diameter and the number of blown lances are constant, Fr′, Ca and α are negatively correlated with the mixing time, and Re is positively correlated with the mixing time. When the angle of the blown lance is constant, Re and Ca are negatively correlated with mixing time, and Fr′ is positively correlated with mixing time. With the increase of Re, Fr′, Ca, the mixing behavior will gradually change from the bubbling regime to the transition regime and then to the steady jetting regime.

High-entropy-oxides (HEOs), a new class of solids that contain five or more elemental species, have attracted increasing interests owing to their unique structures and fascinating physicochemical properties. However, it is a huge challenge to construct various nanostructured, especially low-dimensional nanostructured HEOs under the high temperature synthetic conditions. Herein, a facile strategy using glucose-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES) as both a solvent and the carbon source of structure-directed template is proposed for the synthesis of various HEOs with two-dimentional (2D) nanonets and one-dimentional (1D) nanowires, including rock-salt (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O, spinel (Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni)3O4, and perovskite La(Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni)O3. The as-prepared HEOs possessed five or more uniformly dispersed metal elements, large specific surface areas (more than 25 m2·g−1), and a pure single-phase structure. In addition, high cooling rate (cooling in air or liq-N2-quenching) was indispensable to obtain a single-phase rock-salt (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O because of phase separation caused by copper. By taking advantage of unique features of HEOs, rock-salt (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O can function as a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) anode material, which achieved excellent cycling stability. This work provides a feasible synthetic strategy for low-dimensional hierarchical HEOs, which creates new opportunities for the stable HEOs being highly active functional materials.

Formyl radical (HCO•) and hydroxycarbonyl radical (HOCO•) are versatile building blocks in the formation of biorelevant complex organic molecules (COMs) in interstellar medium. Understanding the chemical pathways for the formation of HCO• and HOCO• starting with primordial substances (e.g., CO and CO2) is of vital importance in building the complex network of prebiotic chemistry. Here, we report the efficient formation of HCO• and HOCO• in the photochemistry of hydroxidooxidosulfur radical (HOSO•)–a key intermediate in SO2photochemistry–in interstellar analogous ices of CO and CO2at 16 K through hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions. Specifically, 266 nm laser photolysis of HOSO• embedded in solid CO ice yields the elusive hydrogen‑bonded complexes HCO•···SO2and HOCO•···SO, and the latter undergoes subsequent HAT to furnish CO2···HOS• under the irradiation conditions. Similar photo-induced HAT of HOSO• in solid CO2ice leads to the formation of HOCO•···SO2. The HAT reactions of HOSO• in astronomical CO and CO2ices by forming reactive acyl radicals may contribute to understanding the interplay between the sulfur and carbon ice-grain chemistry in cold molecular clouds and also in the planetary atmospheric chemistry.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is in high prevalence in the world. However, the therapeutic strategies for AKI are still in mystery. Studies have shown to improve autophagy and lysosomal function could inhibit AKI. But their modulators need to be explored in detail. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a phospholipid-binding protein involving in organelle membrane integrity function, suggesting its important role in autophagy and lysosome homeostasis. It implicates ANXA2 potentially protects against AKI. However, this has not been elucidated. Herein, we found that ANXA2 is increased in renal tubules in cisplatin-induced AKI mice. Ectopic expression of ANXA2 improved lysosomal functions and enhanced autophagic flux, further protecting against renal tubular cell apoptosis and kidney injury. Conversely, knockdown of ANXA2 inhibited lysosomal function and autophagy, which aggravated the progression of AKI. Transcriptome sequencing revealed β-catenin signaling is highly responsible for this process. In vitro, we found ANXA2 induced β-catenin activation, further triggering T-cell factor-4 (TCF4)-induced transcription factor EB (TFEB). Furthermore, TFEB promoted lysosome biogenesis to enhance autophagic flux, resulting in the alleviation of AKI. Our new findings underline ANXA2 is a new therapeutic potential for AKI through modulating autophagy and lysosomal function. The underlying mechanism is associated with its inductive effects on β-catenin/TFEB pathway.

Background Previous studies have focused on the negative effects of continued smoking on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, few studies have investigated the positive effects of long-term smoking cessation on patients suffering from acute exacerbations of COPD. Methods The study recruited and followed current or former smokers who had been hospitalized and diagnosed with AECOPD. An in-depth analysis of clinical and laboratory indicators was conducted. Results 125 patients were covered, including 72 short-term quitters and 53 long-term quitters. The results showed that long-term smoking cessation may result in milder dyspnea and cough, a higher oxygenation index, a lower arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and milder pulmonary hypertension, airflow restriction, and gas retention in patients with AECOPD. However, despite the lower treatment intensity for long-term quitters, improvement in dyspnea and an increase in oxygenation index were comparable to those achieved by short-term quitters. Furthermore, patients with mild phlegm, which accounted for 84% of all subjects, showed greater improvement in phlegm in AECOPD patients with long-term cessation of smoking. Conclusion It was found that in patients with AECOPD who quit smoking for a long period of time, there was a reduction in symptoms, improvement in lung function, reduction in treatment intensity, and better improvement in phlegm symptoms after therapy. It is beneficial and necessary to quit smoking early, even if you smoke a small amount of cigarettes.

Incompatible polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are difficult to separate in mixed recycling streams such as waste plastic packaging, which makes these polyolefin mixtures unsuitable for high-quality products. In this work, based on the free radical branching reaction, a co-branching reaction of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blends was carried out in the presence of the peroxide, free radical regulator and multifunctional acrylate monomer, and a star-like long-chain branching (LCB) copolymer was acquired. The effect of in situ compatibilization on the structure and mechanical properties of iPP/HDPE was investigated, and the compatibilization mechanism was discussed. Results showed that the mechanical properties of the modified blends were largely improved, and efficient in-situ compatibilization of iPP and HDPE could be taken place in a wide process window. Moreover, the size of the dispersed phase in the modified blend was clearly decreased, and the interfacial thickness increased. Compared with the pure iPP/HDPE blend, the initial crystallization temperature of iPP in the modified iPP/HDPE blend was increased, and long branched chains of the LCB copolymer were physically entangled with the chemical identical homopolymers or even participate in the crystallization of iPP and HDPE. Thanks to the in situ compatibilization strategy, the compatibility of iPP/HDPE was significantly improved.

The main objective is to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of using calcipotriol–betamethasone compounding agent for psoriasis treatment through a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and WanFang Data from inception till July 31, 2020. Efficacy was evaluated based on primary outcome indicators including skin lesion improvement and overall adverse reaction rate. Secondary outcome indicators included degree of life quality improvement, clinical effectiveness rate, and specific adverse reaction rates. RevMan5.3 was used to perform the meta-analysis. 22 studies finally met our inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The results indicated that for short-term treatment, a sequential therapy that uses calcipotriol betamethasone compounding agent and calcipotriol improves PASI score (MD = −0.94, 95% CI − 1.38 ~ − 0.49, P

The application of frequency diverse array and multiple-input multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar to achieve the joint estimation of target's range and angle is receiving more and more attention. However, its performance is generally affected by the periodicity and time-varying of its beam pattern. Therefore, this paper implements a joint estimation algorithm of target's range and angle based on a new waveform synthesis model of time modulation and range compensation FDA-MIMO (TMRC-FDA-MIMO) radar. At the same time, the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is mainly used in FDA-MIMO radar. The huge amount of calculation also brings difficulties to the implementation of the system. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved estimating signal parameters via rotation invariance technique algorithm to solve the problem of large amount of calculation on the basis of ensuring system performance. In addition, the closed form expressions of the Cramer–Rao lower bound and root-mean-squared error of range and angle estimation are derived. Theoretical analysis and simulation verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed radar system and algorithm.

A simple one-pot reaction method was used to synthesize NiCoMn-MOF with Li+ adsorption, which was used as the precursor to prepare LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials. The microscopic structural features of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 are investigated by charge–discharge cycles and impedance experiments. The obtained results suggest that LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 obtained by using NiCoMn-MOF as a precursor had uniform particle size and good crystallinity. The initial discharge capacity could reach 193 mAh g−1 at 0.1C in the voltage range of 2.5-4.3 V. The capacity retention rate was 90% after 50 cycles at 1C. This showed that LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 synthesized from a NiCoMn-MOF precursor had good structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance.

U(VI) was found to form intrinsic colloids in the natural groundwater. Fluorescence spectra, TEM, SEM techniques and thermodynamic calculation were used to identify the species of U(VI) and characterize the intrinsic uranium colloidal particles in the groundwater. The effect of pH on the formation of U(VI) colloidal particles was studied. It was found that under near-neutral and strong alkaline conditions, several elements, mainly Ca, Na and Si were responsible for the formation of intrinsic U(VI) colloid, and under weak alkaline conditions, U(VI) colloidal particles were not formed due to the formation of calcium uranyl carbonate complex.

Inorganic perovskite absorbers are promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaics due to their good thermal and light stabilities. Halide-mixed CsPbIxBr3−x reach a compromise between its structural tolerance and absorption edge, yet the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the asfabricated cells can be considerably limited by the nonideal quality of solution-processed films. Here we demonstrated a fumigation strategy on colloidal perovskite films using dual-O-donor ethyl acetate (EA). By in-situ monitoring this stage with grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering technology, we reveal that EA fumigation would impose ripening barrier on colloidal inorganic perovskites and hence slow down the nucleation rate, leading to an intermediate state for processing high-crystallinity and oriented perovskite films with improved photophysical properties. An optimized PCE of 16.6% was finally yielded upon wide-bandgap (1.9 eV) perovskite absorber.

The viscosity evolution for different temperatures was studied experimentally. A time-varying viscosity model was derived and the influence of the initial temperature on gel time was analyzed. The experimental results show that the viscosity of polymer grout increases exponentially with time. It can be divided into two phases. Before gelation, the viscosity variable quantity is very small. At the gel point, there is a sudden increase in viscosity. The initial viscosity and gel time decrease with the increasing initial temperature within a certain range, The study contributes to deepening understanding of the rheological properties of polymer grout, which can provide some references for polymer grouting construction.

Horizontal directional drilling technology was used to prevent and control water inrushes from the Ordovician limestone strata at the Sangshuping coal mine in the Hancheng mining area by drilling and grouting the contact zone along the top of the aquifer. Considering the hydraulic conductivity of the floor failure zone, we used the modified water inrush coefficient method to estimate the critical thickness of Ordovician limestone that had to be grouted. We carried out directional borehole exploration from both ends of the mining face and combined the results with borehole water pressure tests to determine appropriate grouting techniques and parameters; we then analysed the effectiveness of the grouting. 3-D seismic and ground transient electromagnetics (TEM) were used to detect areas of anomalous resistivity and geologic structure in the mining area, while DC and TEM geophysics were used to detect water-bearing areas ahead of the roadway. After the roadway was developed, TEM, DC resistivity sounding, and audio-magnetotellurics were used to explore water-bearing areas under the roadway and the mine floor. Radio waves were used to detect the structure of the mining face and changes in coal thickness. Finally, based on the results of exploration, an inspection program was devised using conventional boreholes supplemented by directional boreholes to comprehensively evaluate the feasibility of mining under pressure. The study showed that the failure depth of the floor was 15 m and that the top of the Ordovician limestone was no longer water-bearing and was now a relative aquitard. The water inrush coefficient was reduced to less than 0.073 MPa/m, which will ensure safe mining and extend the lower limit of safe mining in the area. This provides a technical reference for prevention and control of Ordovician limestone water disasters in similar coal mines.

Sustainable development is significantly contributing the environmental degradation due to improvements in financial sector in One Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region. Thus, the present research work constructs the sustainable development index for BRI. Afterwards, it unfolds the nexus of sustainable development-environmental degradation and also evaluates the role of financial development indicators in BRI economies. By utilizing the robust mean group, the present study quantifies the long-run marginal impacts of sustainable development, financial development indicators, energy consumption, and urban sprawl on environmental degradation, respectively. The marginal impacts infer an inverted U-shaped sustainable development environmental Kuznets curve in BRI region. The sustainable development, energy consumption, and urban sprawl are enriching the environmental degradation, whereas the financial development indicators have an adverse impact on environmental degradation by induction of interaction of sustainable development-financial development. Therefore, the improvements in financial development indicators will help to achieve the sustainable development. Note: + and _ depict the significant positive and negative impact respectively while illustrates ⇒ causal direction.

We establish sharp lower bounds for the first nonzero eigenvalue of the weighted p-Laplacian with $$1< p< \infty $$ on a compact Bakry–Emery manifold $$(M^n,g,f)$$ satisfying $${\text {Ric}}+\nabla ^2 f \ge \kappa \, g$$ , provided that either $$1

A subsection cooling process is used to selectively precipitate suanite from boron-rich slag, which initially requires a relatively high cooling rate followed by a low cooling rate. The cooling rate and homogeneity affect the crystal growth of the precipitated phase. Different structure intensification approaches, including adding cold slag and applying fins, are effective for improving the reaction. In this work, a numerical simulation of the subsection cooling process was carried out. The temperature distribution and cooling rate distribution were studied. Fast cooling under the conditions of adding cold slag and applying fins yielded centralized cooling rates of 6.3 °C min−1 and 5.3 °C min−1, respectively, with standard deviations of 27.5 and 19.7 °C min−1; the corresponding values of the traditional cooling process are 2.6 °C min−1 and 20.4 °C min−1, respectively. The results show that cold slag is better for increasing the cooling rate than fin slag, but using fins ensures that the cooling process is more homogeneous. Considering the combined effects of different arrangements, applying fins is determined to be the better choice.

Cancer recurrence after surgical resection (SR) is a considerable challenge, and the biological effect of SR on the tumor microenvironment (TME) that is pivotal in determining postsurgical treatment efficacy remains poorly understood. Here, with an experimental model, we demonstrate that the genomic landscape shaped by SR creates an immunosuppressive milieu characterized by hypoxia and high-influx of myeloid cells, fostering cancer progression and hindering PD-L1 blockade therapy. To address this issue, we engineer a radio-immunostimulant nanomedicine (IPI549@HMP) capable of targeting myeloid cells, and catalyzing endogenous H2O2 into O2 to achieve hypoxia-relieved radiotherapy (RT). The enhanced RT-mediated immunogenic effect results in postsurgical TME reprogramming and increased susceptibility to anti-PD-L1 therapy, which can suppress/eradicate locally residual and distant tumors, and elicits strong immune memory effects to resist tumor rechallenge. Our radioimmunotherapy points to a simple and effective therapeutic intervention against postsurgical cancer recurrence and metastasis.