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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with cognitive dysfunctions, including mental time travel (MTT). However, findings on diminished MTT ability may be confounded by a number of factors, including the individuals’ language ability, factors related to the MTT task and the demographic factors of participants. The present study provided a meta-analysis of MTT ability in people with ASD. The results showed significant overall reductions in MTT ability in people with ASD. Moderator analyses revealed that the variables examined did not explain the reduction in MTT ability. These findings suggest that MTT ability is diminished in people with ASD and that the degree of this diminishment may not depend on the characteristics of measures or demographic variables of people with ASD.

To assess associations between infants with macrosomia and placental expression levels of lipid activated/transport-related factors and umbilical cord blood lipid concentrations in healthy pregnancy. We conducted a case-control study of 38 macrosomic neonates (MS group) and 39 normal-birth-weight newborns (NC group) in a healthy pregnancy. Cord blood lipid levels were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer, mRNA and protein expression levels of placental lipid activated/transport-related factors were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Compared with NC group, cord blood total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were decreased in the MS group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of placental peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARγ), plasma membrane fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm), and fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) were significantly higher in the MS group than the NC group. And there was a weak positive correlation between the expression of PPARγ, FABP4, and FABP3 mRNA in the placenta and the HDLC (rs = 0.439; P = 0.005), NEFA (rs = 0.342; P = 0.041), and TG (rs = 0.349; P = 0.034) levels in the cord blood in the MS group, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the logistic regression analysis showed that high placental PPARα (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.022; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.032-8.853) and FAT/CD36 (AOR=2.989; 95%CI 1.029-8.679) and low LDLC concentration in the cord blood (AOR=0.246; 95%CI 0.080-0.759) increased the risk of macrosomia. The increased PPARα and FAT/CD36 expression levels may influence the occurrence of fetal macrosomia through regulating placental lipid transport.

A comprehensive dynamics simulation has been presented in a quad-beam optic fiber with intersection arrangement. As the offset distance changes, the motion type of dielectric micro-particle could transform from trapping to orbital rotation. Finally, they would be repelled far away from the trapping center due to weak centripetal forces. Different from dual-beam optic fiber configuration, this intersection arrangement has much stronger trapping force to attract the suspending particles. Moreover, the cross optical trapping having misalignment could generate a vortex field with symmetric characteristics, which cause the particles carrying out circular orbital movement. This novel optic fiber arrangement is conducive to the application of particle manipulation and provides more technical support in integrated microfluidic chip.

Unipolar barrier structures are used to suppress dark current in photodetectors by blocking majority carriers. Designing unipolar barriers with conventional materials is challenging due to the strict requirements of lattice and band matching. Two-dimensional materials have self-passivated surfaces and tunable band structures, and can thus be used to design unipolar barriers in which lattice mismatch and interface defects are avoided. Here, we show that band-engineered van der Waals heterostructures can be used to build visible and mid-wavelength infrared unipolar barrier photodetectors. Our nBn unipolar barrier photodetectors, which are based on a tungsten disulfide/hexagonal boron nitride/palladium diselenide heterostructure, exhibit a low dark current of 15 pA, a photocurrent of 20 μA and a detectivity of 2.7 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1. Our pBp unipolar barrier photodetectors, which are based on a black phosphorus/molybdenum disulfide/graphene heterostructure, exhibit a room-temperature detectivity of 2.3 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 W−1 in the mid-wavelength infrared region under blackbody radiation. The pBp devices also show a dichroic ratio of 4.9 under blackbody radiation, and a response time of 23 μs under 2 μm laser illumination. Band-engineered van der Waals heterostructures that block dark current without suppressing photocurrent can be used to build detectors with high room-temperature detectivity for visible light and blackbody infrared light.

Maize is one of the most vital staple crops worldwide. G proteins modulate plentiful signaling pathways, and G protein-coupled receptor-type G proteins (GPCRs) are highly conserved membrane proteins in plants. However, researches on maize G proteins and GPCRs are scarce. In this study, we identified three novel GPCR-Type G Protein (GTG) genes from chromosome 10 (Chr 10) in maize, designated as ZmCOLD1-10A, ZmCOLD1-10B and ZmCOLD1-10C. Their amino acid sequences had high similarity to TaCOLD1 from wheat and OsCOLD1 from rice. They contained the basic characteristics of GTG/COLD1 proteins, including GPCR-like topology, the conserved hydrophilic loop (HL) domain, DUF3735 (domain of unknown function 3735) domain, GTPase-activating domain, and ATP/GTP-binding domain. Subcellular localization analyses of ZmCOLD1 proteins suggested that ZmCOLD1 proteins localized on plasma membrane (PM) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Furthermore, amino acid sequence alignment verified the conservation of the key 187th amino acid T in maize and other wild maize-relative species. Evolutionary relationship among plants GTG/COLD1 proteins family displayed strong group-specificity. Expression analysis indicated that ZmCOLD1-10A was cold-induced and inhibited by light. Together, these results suggested that ZmCOLD1 genes had potential value to improve cold tolerance and to contribute crops growth and molecular breeding.

IL-17 plays essential roles in neutrophilic inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, however, the characteristics of local IL-17+ T cells in nasal inflammatory mucosa are not fully understood. We investigated the roles of IL-17+ T cells in regulating neutrophil infiltration and the effect of the mucosal microenvironment in modulating IL-17+ T cell differentiation in CRSwNP tissues. 47 polyp tissues from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients without corticosteroid therapy and 26 tissues from healthy mucosa were obtained. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to analyze the neutrophil infiltration, local IL-17+ T cell subsets, as well as cytokine producing profiles of IL-17+ T cell; tissue homogenates were used to study neutrophil migration and IL-17+ T cell differentiation. Increase of IL-17+ cells and IL-17+ T cell subsets was significant in polyp tissues versus controls, IL-17+ cell number was positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration; while homogenates from polyp tissues with high IL-17 promoted neutrophil migration in vitro. IL-17 response was found in polyp-derived T cells upon Staphylococcus aureus infection. IL-17+ T cells were also down-regulated in polyps from patients treated with glucocorticoid steroids, and exhibited poly-functionality patterns in polyp tissues. Finally, IL-17+ T cell differentiation could be induced by IL-23, and homogenates from polyps could enhance IL-17+ T cell development. This study determined a functional association of IL-17+ T cells with neutrophils in CRSwNP, and revealed that polyp microenvironment could promote IL-17+ T cell differentiation, suggesting a potential feedback role for IL-17+ T cell development and local neutrophilic inflammation.

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody (Ab)-positive clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) with pneumomediastinum (PNM) is a life-threatening condition. We aim to determine the prognostic factors affecting survival of patients with anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM complicated with PNM.We retrospectively established a cohort of patients with anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM complicated with PNM from April 2013 to July 2019. Demographic data and clinical characteristics from medical records were analyzed and variables were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors. We performed univariate and multivariate survival analyses by Cox regression. Survival curves were depicted by the Kaplan-Meier method.Among 133 patients with anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM, 20 were diagnosed with PNM. The cumulative estimated Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 85% at 1 week, 55% at 1 month, and 40% at 1 year. Univariate analysis indicated several factors associated with survival. Worse liver function (AST, p = 0.043; LDH, p = 0.002; TBIL, p = 0.038), higher CRP level (p = 0.044), higher HRCT score (p = 0.022), and using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) (p 0.01) were associated with poor prognosis. In a multivariate Cox regression model, AST level and using NPPV were indicated to be independent predictors of poor prognosis.In this research, we found that the incidence rate of PNM in anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM was 15.5%, obviously higher than in classical DM. The application of noninvasive positive pressure ventilator (NPPV) and higher AST level were independent risk factors for survival.Key Points• Anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM complicated with PNM is a life-threatening condition with an incidence rate of 15.5%.• The application of NPPV and worse liver function were independent risk factors for survival of anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM patients complicated with PNM.

Little is known regarding characteristics and evolution of radiolarian fossils in the early Cambrian due to its rarity and poor preservation. Here we report a new radiolarian fauna from the Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation corresponding to the Chiungchussuan Stage (Cambrian Series 2) in western Hubei, China. It contains over 300 radiolarian tests and these fossils belong to 4 morphotypes, including Paraantygopora porosa gen.et sp. nov., Braunosphaera sinensis gen.et sp. nov., Tetrasphaera ? sp. and incertae spherical radiolarians. In taxonomy, Spumellaria predominates in the fauna and comprises 92% of the total. In shell structure, about 73% of all specimens are similar to the early Ordovician radiolarian fossils, with the shell walls characterized by perforated plate structures. The spherical radiolarians with latticed shells constitute another feature of the early Cambrian radiolarian fauna. The radiolarian fauna reported here contains many fossil specimens and covers different taxonomical taxa. These specimens usually consist of distinctive concentric multi-layers with complex structure. These characteristics indicate that Radiolaria had already thrived during the Cambrian Chiungchussuan Stage (Series 2, Stage 3), which may have occurred synchronously with the explosion and prosperity of macrobiota recorded in the strata deposited in shallower water condition.

In this paper, a second-order continuous-time delta-sigma modulator using double self noise coupling technique is proposed. Noise coupling increases the effective order of the noise shaping loops. The presented architecture splits the outputs of the quantizer into a most significant bit segment (MSBs) and a least significant bit segment (LSBs). The LSBs can be viewed as the residue after the MSBs quantization and is fed back to the front of the quantizer and the second integrator respectively, as a result, double self noise coupling is achieved. In addition, the quantizer also provides a convenient means to incorporate the excess-loop-delay compensation. As a result, the digital noise cancellation logic complexity is simplified, the digital and analog filter mismatch is relaxed, meanwhile, it strictly suppresses the noise within the effective signal bandwidth by reducing the main MSBs mismatch. Finally, the resolution is increased, the hardware complexity and the output swing of the integrator are reduced, which greatly relaxes the bandwidth and gain requirement of the Op-Amp design. The higher order noise shaping introduced by the residue of multi-bit quantizer further reduces the quantization noise.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in various manufacturing processes. Accumulation of these chemicals has adverse effects on human health, including inflammation in multiple organs, yet how PFAS are sensed by host cells, and how tissue inflammation eventually incurs, is still unclear. Here, we show that the double-stranded DNA receptor AIM2 is able to recognize perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a common form of PFAS, to trigger IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, PFOS activates the AIM2 inflammasome in a process involving mitochondrial DNA release through the Ca2+-PKC-NF-κB/JNK-BAX/BAK axis. Accordingly, Aim2−/− mice have reduced PFOS-induced inflammation, as well as tissue damage in the lungs, livers, and kidneys in both their basic condition and in an asthmatic exacerbation model. Our results thus suggest a function of AIM2 in PFOS-mediated tissue inflammation, and identify AIM2 as a major pattern recognition receptor in response to the environmental organic pollutants., The double-stranded DNA receptor AIM2 is able to sense the environmental pollutant perfluorooctane sulfonate, a prototypical perfluoro-alkyl substrate. Activation of the AIM2 pathway leads to inflammation and tissue damage via IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis of affected innate immune cells.

There have been no animal experiments and clinical studies on the pharmacokinetic interaction between rivaroxaban and enalapril. To investigate whether a potential pharmacokinetic interaction is present between rivaroxaban and enalapril, a rapid and sensitive Ultra performance liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine the concentration of rivaroxaban and enalapril in rat plasma and was then applied to a pharmacokinetic interaction study. The analytes were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 chromatography column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of 436.1 → 145.1 m/z for rivaroxaban, 377.3 → 234.2 m/z for enalapril and 285.2 → 193.1 m/z for diazepam (IS). The method was validated over the concentration range of 1.0–200 ng/mL for rivaroxaban and 0.5–100 ng/mL for enalapril. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy of the quality control (QC) samples exhibited relative standard deviations (RSD)

Fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) have been identified from a series of fungi, especially in Ganoderma species. However, little is known about the FIPs from G. applanatum. In this study, two novel FIP genes, termed as FIP-gap1 and FIP-gap2, were cloned from G. applanatum, characterized and functionally expressed after codon optimization in Pichia pastoris GS115. Results showed that FIP-gap1 and FIP-gap2 comprised 342-bp encoding peptides of 113 amino acids, which shared a high homology with other Ganoderma FIPs. The yield of recombinant FIP-gap1 and FIP-gap2 increased significantly after codon optimization and reached 247.4 and 197.5 mg/L, respectively. Bioactivity assay in vitro revealed that both rFIP-gap1 and rFIP-gap2 could agglutinate mouse, sheep, and human red blood cells. Besides, rFIP-gap1 and rFIP-gap2 obviously stimulated the proliferation of mouse splenocytes and enhanced IL-2 and IFN-γ release. Cytotoxicity detection indicated that IC50 of rFIP-gap1 towards A549 and HeLa cancer cells were 29.89 and 8.34 μg/mL, respectively, whereas IC50 of rFIP-gap2 to the same cancer cells were 60.92 and 41.05 μg/mL, respectively. Taken together, novel FIP gaps were cloned and functionally expressed in P. pastoris, which can serve as feasible and stable resources of rFIP gaps for further studies and potential applications.

We investigate aluminum nanopatch/nanohole arrays surrounded by a dielectric material on plastic substrates for large area color printing. In this specific arrangement, metallic nanopatches have a smaller size than that of the nanoholes, lying distantly above their complementary nanoholes. Simulation results show that the coloring in reflection as well as in transmission can be tuned greatly by the structure period and the duty cycle. In contrast, variations of the separation distance practically do not change the hue. Manufactured samples having a large range of these grating parameters demonstrate a broad palette of bright colors in reflection and transmission. The fabrication process may be scaled up for large area color printing, since it can be implemented as a cost-effective roll-to-roll process.

This study investigated the therapeutic benefit of radical resection (SRR) for clinical T4b oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with partial or complete response after radical chemoradiotherapy (CRT).At the authors' institution, 79 patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic T4b OSCC were treated with CRT from January 2009 to December 2014. All of them were irradiated using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with a radical dose (median 70 Gy; range 66-76 Gy) in the gross tumor area. Of the 65 cases achieving partial or complete response after CRT, 33 were treated further with SRR and 32 with adjuvant chemotherapy or observation. The locoregional control (LRC), overall survival (OS), and cancer-free survival (CFS) rates were compared between the two groups.The 3-year LRC, OS, and CFS rates were respectively 72.3, 75.1, and 72.6 % in the SRR group compared with 32.8, 47.7, and 44.3 % in the non-SRR group (p0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that SRR was the only statistically significant prognostic factor related to LRC, OS, and CFS. For those with SRR, pathologic downstaging was observed in 27 cases (81.8 %). Perioperative flap failure was observed in three cases (9.2 %) and neck wound necrosis in four cases (12.1 %).For T4b OSCC, incorporating SRR in the therapy is technically safe and has survival benefit, with a significant response after CRT applied by IMRT, with a radical dose in the gross tumor area.

We design and numerically investigate an optical absorber consisting of the sub-wavelength dielectric grating covered by continuous thin aluminum film. In this absorber, the aluminum film act as an efficient absorbing material because of the enhanced electric field in the air nano-grooves, and the absorption spect+rum can be manipulated by Fabry-Perot cavity mode resonance. According to the spectrum manipulation mechanism, the wavelength of absorption peak can be tuned by changing the heights and widths of the air nano-grooves. More importantly, the high absorption is very robust to the incident angle around the designed wavelength. From the nanofabrication point of view, the light absorber can be fabricated more easily without the need for ion or electrochemical etching of metal and it is easy to be integrated into complex photonic devices.

Dengue is a severe epidemic disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) infection, for which no effective treatment is available. The protease complex, consisting of nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) and its cofactor NS2B, plays a pivotal role in the replication of DENV, thus may be a potential target for anti-DENV drugs. Here, we report a novel inhibitor of DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease and its antiviral action. An enzymatic inhibition assay was used for screening DENV2 NS2B/NS3 inhibitors. Cytotoxicity to BHK-21 cells was assessed with MTT assay. Antiviral activity was evaluated in BHK-21 cells transfected with Rlu-DENV-Rep. The molecular mechanisms of the antiviral action was analyzed using surface plasmon resonance, ultraviolet-visible spectral analysis and differential scanning calorimetry assays, as well as molecular docking analysis combined with site-directed mutagenesis. In our in-house library of old drugs (∼1000 compounds), a topical hemostatic and antiseptic 2-hydroxy-3,5-bis[(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-sulfophenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-benzene-sulfonic acid (policresulen) was found to be a potent inhibitor of DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease with IC50 of 0.48 μg/mL. Furthermore, policresulen inhibited DENV2 replication in BHK-21 cells with IC50 of 4.99 μg/mL, whereas its IC50 for cytotoxicity to BHK-21 cells was 459.45 μg/mL. Policresulen acted as a competitive inhibitor of the protease, and slightly affected the protease stability. Using biophysical technology-based assays and molecular docking analysis combined with site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that the residues Gln106 and Arg133 of DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease directly interacted with policresulen via hydrogen bonding. Policresulen is a potent inhibitor of DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease that inhibits DENV2 replication in BHK-21 cells. The binding mode of the protease and policresulen provides useful hints for designing new type of inhibitors against the protease.

Through in situ transmission electron microscopy observation on SUS304 metastable austenitic stainless steel during stretching at room temperature, it is found that e martensite plates were induced preferentially from the sites of dislocation pile-ups. With increasing deformation, some of e thin martensite platelets disappear and reversibly transform to γ austenite without heating treatment, which is different from the previous result that e martensite can entirely transform to α′ martensite. Then, some of deformation twins appear and grow along the vertical direction of e martensite due to $$ (111)_{\gamma }\, \bot (10\bar{1}0)_{\varepsilon } $$ . Moreover, it is directly observed that multiple transformation mechanisms via γ → e → γ, γ → e, γ → α′, γ → e → α′, γ → deformation twins → α′ can co-exist.

This paper presents a concurrent dual-band branch-line coupler with an independently tunable center frequency. In the proposed architecture, the quarter-wavelength lines, which work at two separated bands concurrently and can be tuned in one of them, are key components. Based on the analysis of ABCD-matrix, a novel hybrid structure and a pair of varactors topology are utilized to achieve concurrent dual-band operation and independent tunability, respectively. Using this configuration, it is convenient to tune the center frequency of the upper band, while the responses of the lower band remain unaltered. To verify the proposed idea, a demonstration is implemented and the simulated results are presented.

To explore the influence of Chinese medicine constitution type on the susceptibility of hypertensive patients to intracerebral haemorrhage. Primary hypertensive patients were studied and divided into the hypertension and the hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage groups, depending on whether or not the patients had intracerebral haemorrhage. The demographic characteristics, physiological characteristics, living habits, biochemical tests, other chronic diseases, Chinese medicine constitution type, etc. were collected and compared between the two groups. The neurological deficit in the hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage group was also compared among the different constitution types. A total of 304 patients participated in this investigation, including 213 cases in the hypertension group and 91 cases in the hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage group. The percentages of dampness-heat and qi-depression types in the intracerebral haemorrhage group were greater than those with the same types in the hypertension group (20.9% vs 6.1%, 22.0% vs 8.0%; P

Practical experience has demonstrated that single objective functions, no matter how carefully chosen, prove to be inadequate in providing proper measurements for all of the characteristics of the observed data. One strategy to circumvent this problem is to define multiple fitting criteria that measure different aspects of system behavior, and to use multi-criteria optimization to identify non-dominated optimal solutions. Unfortunately, these analyses require running original simulation models thousands of times. As such, they demand prohibitively large computational budgets. As a result, surrogate models have been used in combination with a variety of multi-objective optimization algorithms to approximate the true Pareto-front within limited evaluations for the original model. In this study, multi-objective optimization based on surrogate modeling (multivariate adaptive regression splines, MARS) for a conceptual rainfall-runoff model (Xin’anjiang model, XAJ) was proposed. Taking the Yanduhe basin of Three Gorges in the upper stream of the Yangtze River in China as a case study, three evaluation criteria were selected to quantify the goodness-of-fit of observations against calculated values from the simulation model. The three criteria chosen were the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, the relative error of peak flow, and runoff volume (REPF and RERV). The efficacy of this method is demonstrated on the calibration of the XAJ model. Compared to the single objective optimization results, it was indicated that the multi-objective optimization method can infer the most probable parameter set. The results also demonstrate that the use of surrogate-modeling enables optimization that is much more efficient; and the total computational cost is reduced by about 92.5%, compared to optimization without using surrogate modeling. The results obtained with the proposed method support the feasibility of applying parameter optimization to computationally intensive simulation models, via reducing the number of simulation runs required in the numerical model considerably.

This paper presents a novel electronic tuner with high power handling capability utilizing varactors based on the asymmetric bilateral coupled microstrip transmission line. Through varying the bias voltage of the varactor at the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band, the performance of the tuner is demonstrated according to simulated and measured results from several cases with the return loss (S 11) below −20 dB and the insertion loss (S 21) within ±0.5 dB. Compared with tuners using π and τ network, electronic tuner of this paper shows superior frequency agility as well as wide impendence coverage. Advanced biasing structure has been developed to improve power handling for high power level applications. It is expected that the novel tuner would be part of intelligent Radio Frequency (RF) front-ends system and cognitive wireless system in the future.

The present study investigated clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with locally advanced synchronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and head/neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) receiving curative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), and determined whether synchronous ESCC/HNSCC patients had worse prognosis compared to isolated ESCC patients. Using propensity score matching method, we compared 60 locally advanced synchronous ESCC/HNSCC patients with 60 matched isolated ESCC patients. Compared to 60 matched isolated ESCC patients, synchronous ESCC/HNSCC patients had significantly worse prognosis (13.5 months versus 17.2 months, P = 0.01), more grade 3–4 CCRT toxicity, and higher percentage of CCRT interruption. For synchronous ESCC/HNSCC group, the 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 52% and 13%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that early ESCC stage, non-T4b disease, and salvage operations were significantly associated with superior survival. In multivariate analysis, ESCC stage represented an independent prognosticator. For chemotherapy regimen during CCRT, cisplatin/5-fluorouracil had significantly more grade 3–4 mucositis/esophagitis and neutropenia than weekly cisplatin. In conclusion, synchronous ESCC/HNSCC patients receiving curative CCRT have worse prognosis and poorer compliance of CCRT compared to isolated ESCC patients. For these patients, ESCC stage and T4b disease were significantly associated with clinical outcomes, and salvage operation may improve overall survival.

Based on the galactinol synthase (AnGolS1) fragment sequence from a cold-induced Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) library derived from Ammopiptanthus nanus (A. nanus) seedlings, AnGolS1 mRNA (including the 5′ UTR and 3′ UTR) (GenBank accession number: GU942748) was isolated and characterized by rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (RACE–PCR). A substrate reaction test revealed that AnGolS1 possessed galactinol synthase activity in vitro and could potentially be an early-responsive gene. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) indicated that AnGolS1 was responded to cold, salts and drought stresses, however, significantly up-regulated in all origans by low temperatures, especially in plant stems. In addition, the hybridization signals in the fascicular cambium were strongest in all cells under low temperature. Thus, we propose that AnGolS1 plays critical roles in A. nanus low-temperature stress resistance and that fascicular cambium cells could be involved in AnGolS1 mRNA transcription, galactinol transportation and coordination under low-temperature stress.