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Abstract We study type IIB supergravity solutions that are dual to two-dimensional superconformal defects in d = 4 SCFTs which preserve N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (0, 2) supersymmetry. We consider solutions dual to defects in N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM theory that have non-trivial monodromy for U(1)3 ⊂ SO(6) global symmetry and we also allow for the possibility of conical singularities. In addition, we consider the addition of fermionic and bosonic mass terms that have non trivial dependence on the spatial directions transverse to the defect, while preserving the superconformal symmetry of the defect. We compute various physical quantities including the central charges of the defect expressed as a function of the monodromy, the on-shell action as well as associated supersymmetric Rényi entropies. Analogous computations are carried out for superconformal defects in the N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1, d = 4 Leigh-Strassler SCFT. We also show that the defects of the two SCFTs are connected by a line of bulk marginal mass deformations and argue that they are also related by bulk RG flow.

Abstract We construct a new class of supersymmetric AdS3 × Y 7 solutions of type IIB supergravity, where Y 7 is an S 5 fibration over a spindle, which are dual to d = 2, N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (0, 2) SCFTs. The solutions are constructed in a sub-truncation of D = 5, SO(6) maximal gauged supergravity and they all lie within the anti-twist class. We show that the central charge computed from the gravity solutions agrees with an anomaly polynomial calculation associated with compactifying the N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1, d = 4 Leigh-Strassler SCFT on a spindle.

Abstract We construct a continuous one parameter family of AdS4 × S 1 × S 5 S-fold solutions of type IIB string theory which have nontrivial SL(2, ℤ) monodromy in the S 1 direction. The solutions span a subset of a conformal manifold that contains the known N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 S-fold SCFT in d = 3, and generically preserve N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 supersymmetry. We also construct RG flows across dimensions, from AdS5 × S 5, dual to N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4, d = 4 SYM compactified with a twisted spatial circle, to various AdS4 ×S 1 ×S 5 S-fold solutions, dual to d = 3 SCFTs. We construct additional flows between the AdS5 dual of the Leigh-Strassler SCFT and an N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 S-fold as well as RG flows between various S-folds.

Abstract We construct infinite new classes of AdS4 × S 1 × S 5 solutions of type IIB string theory which have non-trivial SL(2, ℤ) monodromy along the S 1 direction. The solutions are supersymmetric and holographically dual, generically, to N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 SCFTs in d = 3. The solutions are first constructed as AdS4 × ℝ solutions in D = 5 SO(6) gauged supergravity and then uplifted to D = 10. Unlike the known AdS4 × ℝ S-fold solutions, there is no continuous symmetry associated with the ℝ direction. The solutions all arise as limiting cases of Janus solutions of d = 4, N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM theory which are supported both by a different value of the coupling constant on either side of the interface, as well as by fermion and boson mass deformations. As special cases, the construction recovers three known S-fold constructions, preserving N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1, 2 and 4 supersymmetry, as well as a recently constructed N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 AdS4 × S 1 × S 5 solution (not S-folded). We also present some novel “one-sided Janus” solutions that are non-singular.

Abstract We construct new families of deformed supersymmetric field theories which break space-time symmetries but preserve half of the original supersymmetry. We do this by writing deformations as couplings to background multiplets. In many cases it is important to use the off-shell representation as auxiliary fields of the non-dynamical fields must be turned on to preserve supersymmetry. We also consider backgrounds which preserve some superconformal symmetry, finding scale-invariant field profiles, as well as N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 theories on S 3. We discuss how this is related to previous work on interface SCFTs and other holographic calculations.

Abstract We construct gravitational solutions that holographically describe two different d = 4 SCFTs joined together at a co-dimension one, planar RG interface and preserving d = 3 superconformal symmetry. The RG interface joins N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM theory on one side with the N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 Leigh-Strassler SCFT on the other. We construct a family of such solutions, which in general are associated with spatially dependent mass deformations on the N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM side, but there is a particular solution for which these deformations vanish. We also construct a Janus solution with the Leigh-Strassler SCFT on either side of the interface. Gravitational solutions associated with superconformal interfaces involving ABJM theory and two d = 3 N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 SCFTs with G 2 symmetry are also discussed and shown to have similar properties, but they also exhibit some new features.

Abstract We study mass deformations of N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4, d = 4 SYM theory that are spatially modulated in one spatial dimension and preserve some residual supersymmetry. We focus on generalisations of N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1∗ theories and show that it is also possible, for suitably chosen supersymmetric masses, to preserve d = 3 conformal symmetry associated with a co-dimension one interface. Holographic solutions can be constructed using D = 5 theories of gravity that arise from consistent truncations of SO(6) gauged supergravity and hence type IIB supergravity. For the mass deformations that preserve d = 3 superconformal symmetry we construct a rich set of Janus solutions of N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM theory which have the same coupling constant on either side of the interface. Limiting classes of these solutions give rise to RG interface solutions with N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM on one side of the interface and the Leigh-Strassler (LS) SCFT on the other, and also to a Janus solution for the LS theory. Another limiting solution is a new supersymmetric AdS 4 × S 1 × S 5 solution of type IIB supergravity.

Abstract We consider real mass and FI deformations of ABJM theory preserving supersymmetry in the large N limit, and compare with holographic results. On the field theory side, the problems amounts to a spectral problem of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. For certain values of the deformation parameters this is invariant under an antiunitary operator (generalised P T $$ \mathcal{P}\mathcal{T} $$ symmetry), which ensures the partition function remains real and allows us to calculate the free energy using tools from statistical physics. The results obtained are compatible with previous work, the important new feature being that these are obtained directly from the real deformations, without analytic continuation.

Abstract We construct supersymmetric solutions of D = 11 supergravity, preserving 1/4 of the supersymmetry, that are holographically dual to ABJM theory which has been deformed by spatially varying mass terms depending on one of the two spatial directions. We show that the BPS equations reduce to the Helmholtz equation on the complex plane leading to rich classes of new solutions. In particular, the construction gives rise to infinite classes of supersymmetric boomerang RG flows, as well as generalising a known Janus solution.

Abstract For theories of relativistic matter fields there exist two possible definitions of the stress-energy tensor, one defined by a variation of the action with the coframes at fixed connection, and the other at fixed torsion. These two stress-energy tensors do not necessarily coincide and it is the latter that corresponds to the Cauchy stress measured in the lab. In this note we discuss the corresponding issue for non-relativistic matter theories. We point out that while the physical non-relativistic stress, momentum, and mass currents are defined by a variation of the action at fixed torsion, the energy current does not admit such a description and is naturally defined at fixed connection. Any attempt to define an energy current at fixed torsion results in an ambiguity which cannot be resolved from the background spacetime data or conservation laws. We also provide computations of these quantities for some simple non-relativistic actions.