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Androgen from the testis and weak androgens from the adrenal cortex may interact with each other and affect their synthesis and secretion due to their similar functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the compensatory effect of adrenal in rats after immunocastration and surgical castration, and the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. 24 male SD rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups and accepted treatments: surgical castration group, immunocastration group and control group. In both surgical castration and immunocastration groups, the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) hormones was significantly increased compared with the control group ( p  < 0.05). In the HPT axis of the immunocastration group, the KISS1 expression was up-regulated, whereas GPR54 , LH and LHR expression were down-regulated ( p  < 0.05). The expression levels of CRH , POMC and MC2R genes were also significantly up-regulated ( p  < 0.05). In addition, in the immunocastration group, the expression of adrenal LHR mRNA expression was decreased ( p  < 0.05). The expression of HPT axis genes and adrenal LHR were up-regulated in the surgical castration group ( p  < 0.05). These results show that in both immunocastration and surgical castration, adrenal androgen is increased, suggesting that the adrenal gland plays a compensatory role. Moreover, it also shows that different castration treatments have effects on adrenal steroid secretion through different mechanisms.