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The article discusses Julie Doucet's recent graphic novel, "Time Zone J," and its significance in her career. The novel marks Doucet's return to drawing after years of exploring other artistic mediums. The story is based on Doucet's correspondence with a French admirer during her early years as a cartoonist. The article praises Doucet's artistic style and the emotional depth of the narrative, highlighting the universal themes of love and human relationships. The article also mentions the different editions of the novel and the challenges of translating it into different languages. Overall, "Time Zone J" is described as a unique and powerful reading experience that showcases Doucet's artistic talent and contribution to the world of comics. [Extracted from the article]

"Northern Gateway": Film, Tourism, and the Canadian Vacation by Dominique Brégent-Heald is a comprehensive study of the use of film to promote Canada as a tourist destination. The book explores the history of Canadian government agencies using film to attract American tourists, a topic that has been overlooked by historians. The author examines a wide range of films, from government-sponsored productions to amateur films, and covers the period from the 1890s to the 1950s. While the study does not provide a comparative analysis with other countries, it convincingly demonstrates the early adoption of film as a tourism promotion tool in Canada. The book also highlights the role of key individuals and their networking efforts in shaping the industry. However, it leaves some aspects of tourism film history underdeveloped and raises questions about the competing interests of different levels of government and the portrayal of Canada's diverse population in tourism films. [Extracted from the article]

Fiscal Federalism in Multinational States: Autonomy, Equality, and Diversity: edited by François Boucher and Alain Noël, Montreal and Kingston, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2021, 290 pp., CAN $37.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-2280-0652-7 Perhaps the most helpful perspective on the importance of fiscal federalism to substate governments comes from University of Ottawa political scientist André Lecours. Nonetheless, De Schutter would restrict substate autonomy, leaving most policy decisions and welfare spending at the federal level. [Extracted from the article]

Elsewhere (as shown in Chapter 4), Malraux delivered speeches about Culture and the Arts, privileging themes such as destiny and praising the renewed friendship between France and Canada. Malraux visited Quebec during the era of Georges-Émile Lapalme, who (beginning in 1961) was the first Minister of Culture for the province of Quebec, and counterpart to Malraux in that position (there was no minister of culture as such within the Canadian federal government, only in the ten provinces). Propos et discours: edited by Claude Corbo, Montréal, VLB éditeur, Études québécoises series, 2022, 171 pp., CAN $26.95 (paper) ISBN: 978-2-8964-9868-0. [Extracted from the article]

In this welcome monograph, Felicity Barnes expands our understanding of the marketing and commodity culture that tied the dominions and the metropole together in the interwar period especially. Selling Britishness: Commodity Culture, the Dominions and Empire: By Felicity Barnes. Perhaps Barnes' largest point of argument is that, while ostensibly dominion marketing was intended to boost Canada, Australia and New Zealand's economies and thus their national autonomy, it worked to build a shared Britishness. [Extracted from the article]

Focuses on the 7th Symposium of the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association in Montreal, Quebec. Exchange of ideas and research for clinical linguists and phoneticians; Function of phonetics and linguistics methods; Selection of summary papers from the forum.

The degradation of a concrete structure in northern climate is mainly due to the corrosion of steel reinforcements and cumulative damages from mechanical loading. Infrastructure managers heavily rely on ratings obtained from visual field surveys and the interpretation of inspection reports to predict the future structure states and to plan appropriate maintenance and replacement activities. In this paper, an effective structure management framework is proposed, combining information from on-site visual inspections and predictions from a nonlinear chloride transport model, to improve diagnostics for preventive maintenance. Meaningful predictions were obtained by using climatic data from neighboring weather stations and characterising the concrete transport properties with non-destructive tests. The chloride profiles from the model can be validated with core-drilled samples, if available. Predictions from the model were used to estimate the probability of the corrosion initiation and the condition states of the structural elements to complement the visual inspection observations. Finally, the ratings of each element were combined to obtain a global rating of the structure by considering the relative criticality of each element for the safety and the performance of the structure. The methodology was applied to a typical bridge in Montreal and demonstrated good agreement between the model predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Industry 4.0 context, data valorisation allows industries to develop new capabilities, create competitive advantages and achieve manufacturing sustainability, but technological infrastructures are needed to support system interoperability and to manage datas. These infrastructures are not enough mature in many industrial environments, especially in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Technology integration is challenging due to system and information heterogeneity, and even more so in SMEs that have constraint environment and which lack specific research study. . Although several approaches have been proposed, the literature lacks empirical evidence of the adoption of new technologies in SMEs. This paper presents a guideline for implementing a Cyber- Physical system (CPS) architecture in an SME and its application in an organic flour mill in Montreal. The case study provides evidence of the possibility to implement a CPS architecture in SMEs and can serve as an inspiration for SME to develop an Industry 4.0 strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential of semiotics to theorize and analyze the field of sustainable architecture is still largely unexplored. This paper uses a triadic structure for defining sustainable design signs and distinguishes two separate modes of sustainable design reasoning: namely deductive and abductive sustainable design reasoning. This theoretical framework is used to analyze two architectural projects submitted for an international design competition in Montreal, Canada. The architectural texts, considered in this paper the representamen of the signs, prove to be indicative of the mode of reasoning deployed. The analysis also reveals that the mode of reasoning used dictates the types of signs produced, the role designed-objects have in the signs, as well as the functional possibilities design elements perform in the project. The paper proposes that deductive sustainable design reasoning brings to a halt the process of semiosis – presenting a status-quo approach – and that abductive sustainable design reasoning allows semiosis ad infinitum – presenting a future driven outlook. Additionally, a gap appeared between the open form of critical judgement proposed for competitions and the conceptual fixation inherit in deductive sustainable design reasoning. This paper presents a theoretical contribution that provides new possibilities for researchers to model and analyze sustainability in design projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a social and political context marked by increasingly polarized attitudes towards immigration and ethnic diversity, the paper uses the results of two research projects conducted ten years apart in Brussels and Montréal to reflect on methodological issues. The paper discusses two themes to show how to engage methodologically within a changing context, both theoretically and politically, and how various methodological choices might be used to fill some knowledge gaps. The first theme concerns the choice of research methods, and the type of knowledge they produce. The second theme addressed in this paper stresses the importance of paying more attention to the context where the research takes place, a process denoted here by the term situating. Two different interview methods are central to the discussion: in-depth interviews and 'on-the-spot' short interviews. The paper contrasts their use in relation with each project's research objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the growth of the Olympic Games against that of former host cities to understand whether this mega-event may have 'outgrown' its hosts. The increasing hosting requirements and governments' expansive use of mega-events as tools for urban development would suggest that the 'Olympic city' – a term we use for describing the size of the Olympics as hosted in different cities over the decades – has grown at a faster rate than former host cities. The analysis contrasts historical indicators that capture the evolving size of planning for the event based on four dimensions – sport, spectators, marketing and costs – as well as the urban dimension of hosting experiences (venues and infrastructure) with city trajectories based on demographic and economic indicators. This is done through a longitudinal analysis of former Olympic host cities from the 1960s and 1970s and from which continuous longitudinal data are available: Tokyo, Munich, and Montreal. The findings indicate that the Olympic city has grown more strongly than these former host cities, although not uniformly across trajectories. This gives evidence for the need to review the size of mega-event impacts if they ought to continue to generate interest in hosting them in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the concept of mapping-ofrenda, which envisions mapping as a form of mourning and remembering while living in the context of migration. Inspired by the traditional Mexican ofrenda, the mapping-ofrenda aims to collect, curate, and represent posthumous memories. It can be produced collaboratively or individually, built with physical or digital maps, shared with other people, or kept private, and be dedicated to a single deceased or to an entire community. Through the process of co-designing two online ofrenda-maps with two Latina-American women living in Montreal (Canada) we identified some of the potential of mapping-ofrenda, including its capacity to stimulate our memories and remember stories on the verge of disappearing, to ground them to places, and to share them with people that might live far away. Mapping-ofrenda can also be a way of making visible the global geography of migration through highly intimate memories and acknowledging both the very personal and the highly universal need to remember and grieve. Finally, the main value of mapping-ofrenda in the context of migration, may be its capacity to reactivate and strengthen existing links and connections between people that are still alive but that may live far away. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of glucose intolerance which manifests during pregnancy. There is lack of literature regarding the study of cognitive functions in GDM. Recent evidences suggests an increase in accumulation of serum Advanced glycated end products (AGE’S) during GDM. Accumulation of AGE’s in brain can induce changes in permeability of blood brain barrier and creates oxidative stress and inflammation that can alter cognitive functions. In this study we hypothesize that diagnosis of GDM in pregnancy is related to lower cognitive scores which is correlated to increased serum AGE’s level. Method: This was a cross sectional case control study which recruited 60 participants in total consisting of two groups with 30 participants in each - diagnosed cases of GDM and healthy pregnant controls. Subjects were recruited from OPD of Obstetrics & Gynecology department in a tertiary care hospital in South India at gestational age of 32–36 weeks. On the first appointment, biochemical parameters of Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) & HbA1C was measured in both groups. Serum was obtained for testing levels of N Carboxy methyl lysine (N-CML) (a form of AGE). On second appointment, pen and paper neurocognitive tests including Montreal cognitive tests (MOCA) and Trail making test (TMT A & B) was presented. Event related potentials (ERP’s) are time locked EEG wave signals produced in response to a sensory, motor or cognitive event. P300 is an “endogenous” ERP produced by cognitive processing in response to a stimuli presented to subject. P300 wave Latency and amplitude was recorded in both the groups as an objective marker of cognitive processing. Above mentioned biochemical and neurocognitive parameters were compared between both the groups and correlation analysis between serum AGE levels and neurocognitive parameters was performed using SPSS software. Results: Biochemical parameters of HbAIC & N-CML(A form of AGE) levels were increased in GDM group (HbA1C 6.01±0.30 and N CML 236.25 ± 68.9) vs Control group (HbA1C 4.11 ± 0.68 and NCML 198.42 ± 44.2). Scores in MOCA were significantly lower in GDM (28 (27–29)) group as compared to controls (24 (23–25)). GDM subjects took significantly greater time to perform TMT A (24.59 ± 2.60 s) test than controls (29.7 ± 1.72 s). Significant changes were not found in P300 Latency & amplitude in GDM group. Decreased MOCA scores and increased duration of TMT A attempt were correlated with increased serum AGE concentration in GDM group. Conclusions: Our study indicates the vulnerability of women suffering from GDM to cognitive impairment during pregnancy. Lower scores in cognitive tests were correlated to AGE accumulation in GDM women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a mathematical model to forecast the time needed during a continuous improvement (CI) project. To do this, the authors adapted the famous Lotka–Volterra model to the CI methodology. Also, the authors examined a Montreal company's database to simulate the CI's necessary time in the real world. Firstly, the model simulates a total of CI hours for the employees and the respective quantity of problems at the end of the project. And after, the authors compared the simulation results with the project real results. This work introduces a new model to forecast the CI's necessary time and discuss an innovative way to implement a CI project. This work also considers the advantages and difficulties of achieving a CI project based on a simulation. One of the work's main result is the discussion of the total CI hours performed by the employees: 130% of the simulation proposition. This quantity of hours leads to half of the problems estimated by the model: 42%. The normalized results showed a difference of 1.03% between the simulation and the observations in the real world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the 2008 financial crisis, federal and provincial governments in Canada has consistently monitored its housing market. However, real estate markets in Canada seem to have significant regional imbalances with moderate evidence of overheating and price exuberance and strong evidence of over-evaluation for several quarters. In this perspective, this paper seeks to test the existence of real estate bubbles in Canada and their contagion. Our methodology, based on monthly data, relies on two steps: First, we build on a GSADF test developed by Phillips, Shi, and Yu (2015) to detect bubbles. Second, using a method developed by Greenaway-McGrevy and Phillips (2016), a non-parametric regression with time-varying coefficient, we verify if, in case of bubbles, there is a contagion among Canadian cities. Our results suggest that there are bubbles in the real estate markets of Toronto and Vancouver, while this is not the case for Montreal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utility-based shortfall risk measure (SR) has received increasing attentions over the past few years. Recently Delage et al. [Shortfall Risk Models When Information of Loss Function Is Incomplete, GERAD HEC, Montréal, 2018] consider a situation where a decision maker's true loss function in the definition of SR is unknown but it is possible to elicit a set of plausible utility functions with partial information and consequently propose a robust formulation of SR based on the worst-case utility function. In this paper, we extend this new stream of research to a multi-attribute prospect space since multi-attribute decision-making problems are ubiquitous in practical applications. Specifically, we introduce a preference robust multivariate utility-based shortfall risk measure (PRMSR) and demonstrate that it is law invariant and convex. We then apply the PRMSR to an optimal decision-making problem where the objective is to minimize the PRMSR of a vector-valued cost function and propose some numerical scheme for solving the resulting optimization problem in the case when the underlying exogenous uncertainty is finitely distributed. Finally, we discuss statistical robustness of the PRMSR based optimization model by examining qualitative stability of the estimator of the optimal value obtained with potentially contaminated data. A case study is carried out to examine the performance of the proposed robust model and numerical scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waterfront redevelopment is one of the main categories of urban project in major cities since the 1980s. However, waterfronts are faced with issues of fragmented land ownership and a lack of integration with other central neighbourhoods. Using Montreal's waterfront as a case study, this paper shows how the governance framework of urban design may undermine their integration. The observation of user behaviour within public spaces offers a new perspective for the redesign of these links between neighbourhoods, and seeks to contribute to a vision of waterfront precincts beyond the limits imposed by administrative constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Audits conducted on medical records have been traditionally used in hospitals to assess and improve quality of medical care but have yet to be properly integrated and used for suicide prevention purposes. We aimed to (1) revise a quality of care grid and adapt it to an adult population of suicide attempters and (2) identify quality of care deficits in managing adult suicide attempters at the emergency department (ED) in two different Montreal university hospitals. An existing checklist for quality of medical and social care in the ED was adapted. A systematic search and data extraction of all suicide attempters in two different Montreal university hospitals were then conducted. All identified individuals who attempted suicide were fully reviewed and quality of care was assessed. Eleven criteria were kept by the expert focus group in the revised grid that was then used to rate 369 individuals that attempted suicide. Suicide risk assessment was only present in 63% of attempters before discharge. Although family history was documented for 90% of attempters, in only 41% of the cases were interviews conducted with relatives. Most discharged patient lacked proper follow-up considering 11% of their relatives received written information on resources in case of need. Paper records may be used to systematically assess the quality of care for suicide attempters seen in ED. Results reiterate the need for better suicide prevention strategies for these individuals. The checklist proved to be an excellent assessment of best practices or identification of possible improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a lightly edited transcript of a plenary talk given at the Beyond Positivism conference, Montreal, August 8–10 2017. The talk followed others by Christopher Winship and Frédéric Vandenberghe, which are mentioned in the text. The paper argues that critical social science needs an ontology of values, and that a coherent ontology must recognize that values are created by human beings in social settings, rather than being objectively true. Recognizing this, however, need not expose us to the moral nihilism of extreme relativism. Drawing on the work of Habermas and the capabilities approach, I argue that we can reason about what sorts of basic values we should be committed to, without invoking the concept of objective values. This provides us with material that we can build on to construct more complex constructive critical arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Editorial. Introduces a series of articles presented at the 14th Annual Conference of the International Input-Output Association held at Montreal, Quebec in October 2002. Information on winners of the best conference paper.

The concept of ecosystem plays a central role in the recent debates on the unfolding of a new regime of innovation. In this paper, we contribute to these debates by clarifying the distinction between the emerging concept of 'ecosystem of innovation' from the established concept of 'business ecosystems.' Re-interpreting the case of the historical developments of the video game cluster of Montreal, we argue that the dynamics of knowledge creation and innovation in 'ecosystems of innovation' imply to adopt a wider scope and address knowledge flows between a diverse set of business ecosystems and between a business ecosystem and less formalised spaces dedicated to knowledge creation and exploration. We conclude suggesting the complementarity of 'ecosystems of innovation' with 'business ecosystems' and their generativity fuelled by creative tensions between formal and informal loci of knowledge creation, illustrated by diverse talent trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association of ideologically motivated violence with mental health disorders raises specific challenges for security agencies and clinical services. The aim of this paper is to describe the clientele of a specialized intervention program based in Montreal, Quebec, in terms of type of violent ideology and clinical presentation. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 156 individuals referred for violent extremism who received clinical services between 2016 and 2021. Univariate statistics were used to present a description of client sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Roughly a third of clients referred for violent extremism presented non-ideologically based violence (32.6%), followed by 31.4% affiliated with far-right extremist ideology and over a quarter (25.6%) holding extremist views on gender. Over a third of these individuals had a stress-related (35.7%) and/or mood and anxiety disorder (36.9%), followed by 28% with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. The majority had some previous contact with mental health services. A significant number of clients displaying extremist discourses and/or actions needed psychiatric services but often failed to receive them because of the reluctance of clinicians to work with individuals perceived as high risk; in addition, individuals may be reluctant to engage in services perceived to be part of a socio-political system they reject. Specialized services are important as a means to provide mental health care to this group and also to develop knowledge and best practices for working with this clientele and provide consultation to mainstream mental health service providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many cities adopt strategies to increase the modal share of walking and cycling, aiming to reduce the negative impacts of car trips. Despite such projects, strategies and infrastructure promoting active modes, modal shares of walking (10.1%) and cycling (1.6%) remain relatively small compared to the car (54.3%) in the Greater Montreal Area. In this context, it seems relevant to access the upper bound of the potential of cycling and walking. This paper proposes a methodology to estimate the latent walking and cycling trips in an urban area using large scale Origin-Destination (OD) data. The method builds on previous research and accounts for the distance overlapping zone for walking and cycling trips to obtain a pooled estimation of active transportation latent trips. The methodology is mainly based on a sequential process using trips reported during the 2013 OD survey in Montreal. Results show that 5.2% of daily motorized trips (427,813 trips) could be made by walking and 19.4% (1,605,244 trips) by cycling. From these, 57.1% were made as car drivers. 2.8% of motorized trips could be transferred to both walking and cycling. These trips were allocated to either walking or cycling using an overlapping process based on trip distance: 45.9% of them (1.3% of total trips) are transferred to latent walking trips and 54.1% (1.5% of total trips) to latent cycling trips. When we consider latent trips, modal share of walking and cycling would respectively increase from 10.1% to 14.7% and from 1.6% to 18.7% while share of car driver would decrease from 54.3% to 42.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses how social sustainability is implemented in private-led regeneration processes and which understanding of the "social" foregrounds the implementation of sustainability in Montreal. The case studies are two new residential projects led by the private sector participating in the transformation of the Southwest Borough in Montreal. The analysis is based on six components used to evaluate the operationalisation of social sustainability for new residential projects as well on the analysis of opportunities to negotiate the "social" in the implementation of sustainability. The two case studies, Griffintown and the Bassins-du-Nouveau Havre projects are examples of brownfield regeneration in a former industrial area along the Lachine Canal known as the South West Borough. We have used semi-structured interviews with the stakeholders as the main source for data collection, a review of press articles and an analysis of the principal planning documents related to each project. If the second example is more convincing in regards to the operationalisation of social sustainability, there is a lack of incentives for developers to integrate social sustainability principles in their development in the Montreal context. Planning instruments should impose more constraints on developers and municipalities should have more financial resources to negotiate with developers what the "social" should be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Montreal, a city delimited by a French-speaking East and an English-speaking West, is often used as an example of how language can organize urban landscapes. That said, examining Black life in Montreal complicates that tidy narrative by illustrating how race, not language, configures the city. Broadly, this study examines the way racial and linguistic divisions play out in the geography of the city. More specifically, as it is grounded in Black geography and cultural geography, this paper highlights how Black activists in the 1990s made explicit the many ways in which Blackness in Montreal was rooted in a history and a geography that exceeds urban and national boundaries. Contesting an ethnicization that marked their Haitianness as outside Blackness, these activists also bridged smaller-scale divisions: those inscribed at the scale of the city that placed Haitians in the East and Black anglophone people in the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on Canadian urban design, despite some notable exceptions, is relatively limited. This paper explains from an urban form perspective the practice of urban design in Montreal, Canada, by studying three representative projects built during the past six decades. Through the analysis of these projects, the principal aim is to understand how urban design approaches have evolved over time and how they have influenced the morphology of the city. The main findings of the research show that the schools of thought that have nurtured urban design practices over time have especially influenced the link between planned built environments and city forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban mobility infrastructures have a major impact on the everyday life of city residents. Not only their mobility, but also their health, enjoyment of life and development of lifestyle preferences are affected by them. However, inclusive participation in infrastructure planning processes is difficult to achieve. We explore a foresight approach that develops desirable urban visions that involve residents in the preparation of decisions that will impact their lives. We propose future-oriented co-design workshops for the operationalisation of a capabilitarian focus on conscientisation, conciliation and collaboration to involve citizens in the visioning of infrastructure planning. The study is based on future-oriented codesign workshops held in Montreal in 2022–2023. Residents were invited to evaluate and discuss various future scenarios that re-imagine a highway currently cutting through the city. The results show the capabilitarian co-design workshops to promote critical thinking, vision creation and to a lesser extent collaboration in the discussions triggered by the future-oriented codesign workshops. The results also reveal the difficulties of making such discussions truly inclusive, as well as their ambivalent relation to urban planning processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water, sprayed in the form of tiny droplets, has emerged as a potential fire suppressant after the halon compounds such as trifluorobromomethane (CF3Br, Halon 1301) were banned by the Montreal protocol. The size distribution of the water droplet plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of the water spray in fire suppression. A numerical investigation of the influence of size distribution of a polydisperse water spray on extinction of counterflow diffusion flames is presented in this paper. This study uses laminar finite rate model with reduced CHEMKIN chemistry for numerical simulations. The discrete phase, namely the water spray, is simulated using Lagrangian Discrete Phase Modelling approach. In this work, the polydispersity of water spray is taken into account in the numerical simulation by a suitable Rosin–Rammler distribution. Results obtained from numerical simulation are validated with the experimental results reported in the literature. This study demonstrates that the representation of the polydisperse spray by a monodisperse spray (with droplet diameter same as the SMD of the polydisperse spray) in numerical simulations is not always justified and it leads to deviation from the experimental results. The effects of number mean diameter and spread parameter on the efficacy of flame suppression are investigated for polydisperse sprays. A comprehensive comparison is done between the effectiveness of monodisperse and polydisperse water sprays. An optimum droplet diameter is obtained for monodisperse sprays for which the effectiveness of the spray is maximum. The effects of evaporation Damköhler number and Stokes number of water droplets on flame suppression have also been explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Network Robustness Index (NRI) was one of the first tools to successfully assess networkwide congestion effects due to single-link closures. This paper investigates the use of systemwide metrics in the context of Montreal’s urban road network, and provides a new mechanism to evaluate the importance of individual links while internalizing the environmental perspective. Specifically, the NRI is expanded to include road emissions in the link criticality analysis process, resulting in the creation of an Emissions-based NRI (ENRI), to be used in conjunction with the NRI. The results of this new Emissions-based NRI (ENRI) are compared with the NRI results and we observe that both tools provide similar results for major scenarios (such as capacity reduction on major bridges) while for minor scenarios (such as capacity reduction on arterial roads) the results are quite different. The results suggest that new holistic frameworks are needed to assess link criticality in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the increasingly ubiquitous and frequent use of Facebook among college students, this study sought to explicate and unravel the salient determinants of Facebook use. Specifically, the main goal was to ascertain the factors influencingCollège d'enseignement général et professionnel(CEGEP) students’ Facebook use, for which a structural equation model was proposed to examine the relationships between constructs affecting this process. Using a recently proposed extended technology acceptance model, Dhammic Technology Acceptance Model (DTAM) for Facebook use, proposed by Teo and Jarupunphol [2015. Dhammic technology acceptance model (DTAM): Extending the TAM using a condition of attachment in Buddhism.Journal of Educational Computing Research,52(1), 136–151. doi:10.1177/0735633114568859], we present results of the study using 233 completed survey data from a sample of CEGEP students in Montreal, Quebec. The DTAM was originally tested using a sample of Thai university students; this leads to a natural question as to whether this extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model holds in a Western sample. The findings from the present study support the validity of the DTAM for explicating Facebook use, and add empirical evidence to the DTAM, according to which the condition of attachment exerts influence on Facebook use. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications, limitations, and future extensions of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents a reform initiative, the Supporting Montreal Schools Program (SMSP), created by the government of Quebec to assist 184 low socio-economic-status schools in Montreal implement seven reform strategies prescribed by the government. On a regular basis, the professional team of the SMSP engages in reflection and research with universities concerning one or more of the strategies they are charged with helping schools implement or the functioning of the SMSP more generally. The present research programme is part of the team’s ongoing reflection on a component of Strategy 4: professional development of school administrators and the school team. In this paper, we detail results from this initial and subsequent studies on the work of principals in low-performing schools. We also describe our collaborative relationship with the SMSP team, discuss the effectiveness of the SMSP in promoting the implementation of the seven government-mandated strategies and critique the utility of our partnership with the SMSP and our use of that programme as a vehicle for linking research to practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a qualitative approach of narrative inquiry, this paper examines how Quebec's distinct society identity interacted with objectives of a Multicultural Education course in Montreal. The authors, one of whom was a teaching assistant in the course and the other a student in the course, interviewed seven students and the professor. The reasonable accommodation debates on how best to integrate Quebec immigrants into a society steeped in distinct society narratives were the backdrop to both the course and the research. This paper contributes to the growing research on how teacher candidates negotiate multicultural education programme objectives. Based on our analysis of two participants' interviews we advocate for a more context-based approach with course content specific to the distinct society element in multicultural courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets out to show how urban sustainability issues have been addressed by social, political, and economic actors involved in housing production in Montreal. Specifically, it looks at how the environmental question has been incorporated into the practice and discourse of recent housing schemes. Principles of sustainable development such as adaptive reuse of industrial buildings and infill housing that allow for reinvestment in inner-city neighbourhoods, inclusion of affordable, or social housing in private housing developments to secure social mix, citizen participation, energy, water, and transportation matters have been increasingly circulated. By examining planning documents, design proposals, and briefs presented at public hearings on housing schemes in Southwest Montreal, a former working-class borough undergoing revitalisation, this paper shows that the values of sustainable development have been used by both private developers and local authorities to negotiate urban transformations with community groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The town of Senneville, located at the western edge of the Island of Montreal, has thrived as a small community surrounded by large urban neighbourhoods. Once a popular location for the summer homes of wealthy Montrealers, Senneville is characterized by a series of architecturally and historically unique estates. As suburban growth continues to alter the character of the Island of Montreal, residents of Senneville have begun to fear that their community is in danger of losing its distinctiveness. The town's current bylaws inadequately prepare it for sustainable growth. As a result, the author was engaged by the municipality to survey the community and prepare architectural guidelines for its preservation. The process began by visiting, documenting and photographing each of Senneville's 350 homes. Survey sheets were created, through which criteria deemed essential to an architectural inventory were formulated. Town character, civic buildings and its public spaces were studied. Six character zones were designated for the appraisal of different architectural areas. The observation, synthesis and analysis resulted in the creation of design guidelines for preservation and development. This paper describes the process of conceiving those guidelines. It details the guidelines created for one of Senneville's character zones, the Urban, and offers a broad overall of how they might be useful in other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past, working-age immigrant families in Canada's large urban centres had higher home-ownership rates than the Canadian-born. Over the past 20 years, however, this advantage has reversed, due jointly to a drop in immigrant rates and a rise in the popularity of home-ownership among the Canadian-born. This paper assesses the efficacy of a fairly standard microeconomic consumer choice model, which includes indicators for age, income, education, family type and immigrant characteristics, plus several interactions with time, to explain these changes. It is found that the standard model almost completely explains the immigrant home-ownership advantage in 1981, as well as the rise in home-ownership rates over time among the Canadian-born. Even after accounting for the well-known decline in immigrant economic fortunes, however, it is shown that only about half of the 1981–2001 immigrant change in home-ownership rates is explained by the standard model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on changes in the editorial board of the periodical, and states that Professor Dr. Hiroshi Tsuno retired from the position of associate editor for Japan of the periodical. It also mentions that the Japan Ozone Association appointed Dr. Koji Kosaka as the new periodical's associate editor for Japan. It finally presents a calendar of ozone science and technology events in 2014 and 2015 including the PAG Conference, from August 24–27, 2014, in Montreal, Quebec.

Recent sound installations at major international museums and public venues simulate the sounds of the European honeybee. In this article, I discuss how and to what effect "buzz" is used in selected installations in London, New York, and Montréal. In these immersive works, listeners are invited to "be a bee" and mimic behaviours such as flight, pollination, and hive activity. The works suggest that to behave like a bee is to empathise with a bee's experience – an exercise that cultivates compassion and, possibly, activism. Reflecting on these installations and my experiences thereof, I consider the possibility of cross-species empathy through methods of simulation, immersion, and witnessing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many crucial services for youth shifted to online delivery. Yet, little is known about the processes of providing online support to newcomer youth from the perspective of the service users. Say Ça! is a community-based organization in Montreal that supports newcomer youth through language tutoring and cultural activities. Photo journals by six newcomer 12–17-year-olds and group interviews with 11 program facilitators explored how the pandemic affected the youth's experiences participating in Say Ça!. Findings highlight key elements of online learning program delivery essential to the youth's engagement during the pandemic. Notably, adopting a relationship-centered approach that strengthened one-on-one tutor-youth relationships and a youth-centered approach that offered a space of self-expression, academic support, and leisure parting from the youth's interests. Strategies developed by community-engaged organizations are essential to develop adequate services that respond to the changing needs of their populations in the context of a crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, bicycle theft often goes unnoticed and is largely unchallenged, negatively impacting the use of this sustainable transportation mode. The present research brings attention to this issue by analyzing the multifaceted problem of bicycle theft in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. A bilingual online bicycle theft survey was designed for this purpose and answered by 2,039 Greater Montreal residents, yielding 1,922 usable responses. This paper tries to understand bicycle theft by answering the questionswho, what, where, how, andwhen. Findings from this study are useful to better understand and ultimately decrease bicycle theft in Montreal, but can also be beneficial for cyclists, police, and policy makers in other cities aiming to decrease bicycle theft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an introduction to the 8th European Conference on the History of Economics, held in March 2002 , at Montreal, Quebec. By visual representation, was meant the use in the field of various kinds of images, be they graphs, diagrams, maps or even paintings. Papers presented at the conference were varied. Physiocracy was the subject of two of them. Another dealt with the use of imagery in the literature critical of 19th-century English political economy. The role of visual representation in science has, in recent years, become an issue of interest for historians, sociologists and philosophers.

This article introduces a section of abstracts from the XVII World Congress of Sexology in Montreal, Canada in July 2005 presented by a collaboration between the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality and the World Association for Sexual Health. The 113 abstracts represent the range of research presentations made during the four days of the Congress. The abstracts are grouped into three sections by topic: psychology, sociology and cultural aspects of sexuality, clinical sexology, and HIV and STI prevention and care. The abstracts represent the state of empirical research in sexology on the international level.

This paper analyses whether the video game industries in the main video game hubs in Australia and Canada have the attributes of creative clusters. Three components are analysed: (1) The significance of cross-fertilization with other creative fields in the emergence and growth of the cluster; (2) The benefits of clustering; (3) The role of policies in the maturation of those clusters. The case studies included are the most notable video game clusters in Canada and Australia: Montreal and Melbourne. The research methods applied are semi-directed interviews with policy advisors and game developers in each context. As an outcome of this research, its findings reveal that the video game industry in Melbourne cannot yet be qualified as a creative cluster but is rather still very much embedded in a technology culture. In Montreal, the cluster is more mature and presents the attributes of a creative cluster, as there are interrelations between the various actors of the cluster, and with other creative activities. In both contexts the impact of policies on the maturation of the cluster is limited; rather, attaining a critical mass of video game companies is necessary for cross-fertilization to occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long wait times and low resource utilisation are the most critical issues in treatment-oriented outpatient departments. While Lean has been utilised to resolve similar issues in healthcare, the literature provides no structured means of implementing Lean in outpatient departments. This study establishes a Lean transformation framework to identify a balanced patient demand by determining proper patient compositions, to schedule non-specialists to increase resource utilisation, and to level patient schedule throughout the day to reduce wait times. This framework includes a series of activities and Lean tools that are specifically adapted for use in outpatient departments. A case study is presented to illustrate the implementation of the proposed framework and its possible impacts, using data from a community hospital oncology department in Montreal, Canada. Results suggests that this framework reduces patient visit time by 36% and increases daily treatments by 39% and utilisation of chemotherapy chairs by 22%, with a possibility to implement a one-day treatment regime. The proposed framework can assist treatment-oriented outpatient departments to overcome their operational challenges and to serve as an effective guideline in their Lean transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]