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An adapted grading system for students with disabilities in general physical education allows utilization of existing assessment tools such as rubrics and checklists and provides methods of individualization and modification based on the student's needs. Adapted grading methods include weighting components of class grades and unit assessments, calculating a level of difficulty score, and establishing supplementary grades including a level of attainment and level of independence grade. All methods discussed provide the general and/or adapted physical educator with strategies for generating valid numerical grades for their students with disabilities. Nontraditional grade reporting methods are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on conceptual framework and practical guidelines for applying the do not oppose prong of the case L.C. v. Olmstead for determining a violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act's (ADA) integration mandate. It mentions National Council on Independent Living (NCIL) relied extensively on Congressional testimony from individuals purpose and historical abuses of the institutionalization of persons with disabilities.

On the 29th anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act, the author takes stock on what the Act has accomplished thus far and what still needs attention, as he reflects on Andrew I. Batavia's (Drew) discovered memoirs and his life mission as a disability activist. Drew was a person with a spinal cord injury who wrote regulations for the Act. As we celebrate the Act today we need to protect and advance these civil rights now and into the future so that all people can participate more fully in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines a case in which the plaintiff filed suit complaining of a lack of physical accessibility issues under Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and professional judgement issues under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon sources in neuroethics, civil rights, and disability rights law, we argue for the reintegration of people with severe brain injury back into the nexus of their families and communities consistent with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, both of which call for the maximal integration of people with disability into society. To this end, we offer a rights-based argument to address the care of people with severe brain injury. Instead of viewing the provision of rehabilitation as a reimbursement issue, which it surely is, we argue that it can be productively understood as a question of civil rights for a population generally segregated from the medical mainstream and from society itself. Their segregation in the chronic care sector constitutes disrespect for persons, made all the more consequential because recent advances in brain injury rehabilitation make reintegration into civil society an aspirational, if not achievable goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American disability policy is often framed as a health, economic, technical, and/or safety issue. This is a critical issue because this specific framework of disability is based upon narrow statutory interpretations of a policy sciences framework rather than a civil rights or social construction framework. This article addresses the critical interpretations of disability policy, notably the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the unintended consequences of the ADA through several court cases. Using these court cases as a starting point, the article examines the implications of disability policy from two different models: the policy sciences and social construction model. The article concludes with a discussion addressing disability using the two policy models to better serve the needs and expectations of Americans with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses challenges that medical professionals encounter when treating hearing impaired patients and challenges that hearing impaired patients face during hospitalization. A discussion of efforts which have been made to develop state and federal laws which address the issue of hearing impairment within the hospital setting is presented. A failure to comply with the laws which has been seen in U.S. hospitals is discussed.

This article examines the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 20 years after its passage. It provides an overview of the history and major components of the ADA, examines who has disabilities and how they are faring, and traces how the ADA has evolved through court cases that have limited its scope. In addition, the article investigates abuse of the ADA, its economic impact, and the problems in defining a disability. Although the ADA is continuing to evolve, it requires significant change to live up to its magnificent promise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]