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Homelessness is growing internationally, and resources to guide occupational therapy practice in this area are needed. To identify competencies needed for occupational therapists to support individuals during and following homelessness. We conducted a three-round Delphi study with occupational therapy practitioners and researchers with expertise in homelessness. Of 35 potential participants, n = 16 participated in Round I, n = 20 participated in Round II, and n = 18 participated in Round III. Participants included occupational therapists and researchers in Canada, United States, Brazil, UK, Ireland and New Zealand. Consensus was achieved on a total of 93 competencies in 10 categories after 15 were eliminated in Rounds II and III. The categories with the greatest number of competencies included occupational knowledge (n = 18), followed by psychosocial competencies (n = 16). This study represents the first to identify the competencies needed for occupational therapists working in the area of homelessness. Practitioners and educators are encouraged to view the identified competencies as a guide for the professional development of occupational therapists in this context. Stakeholders consulted for this study were able to communicate in English and situated in middle to high-income countries. As such, the competencies identified in this study only apply to these sociocultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the fidelity of competence committee (CC) implementation in Canadian postgraduate specialist training programs during the transition to competency-based medical education (CBME). A national survey of CC chairs was distributed to all CBME training programs in November 2019. Survey questions were derived from guiding documents published by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada reflecting intended processes and design. Response rate was 39% (113/293) with representation from all eligible disciplines. Committee size ranged from 3 to 20 members, 42% of programs included external members, and 20% included a resident representative. Most programs (72%) reported that a primary review and synthesis of resident assessment data occurs prior to the meeting, with some data reviewed collectively during meetings. When determining entrustable professional activity (EPA) achievement, most programs followed the national specialty guidelines closely with some exceptions (53%). Documented concerns about professionalism, EPA narrative comments, and EPA entrustment scores were most highly weighted when determining resident progress decisions. Heterogeneity in CC implementation likely reflects local adaptations, but may also explain some of the variable challenges faced by programs during the transition to CBME. Our results offer educational leaders important fidelity data that can help inform the larger evaluation and transformation of CBME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Métis, with a population of close to 390,000 people, are a culturally distinct and constitutionally recognized Aboriginal group in Canada that suffers from poorer overall health than non-Aboriginal Canadians. One important predictor of good health is physical activity. Guided by frameworks based on social and Aboriginal-specific determinants, we investigated the correlates of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and active transportation (walking) among adult Métis, with a particular focus on how culturally specific variables were associated with these two types of activity. We also examined how demographic, geographic, socioeconomic and health-related factors were associated with physical activity. Design: We used data from Statistics Canada’s 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey and Métis Supplement to analyze the correlates of physical activity among Métis aged 20-64, using a series of logistic regression models. Results: Having attended a Métis cultural event in the past year was positively associated with LTPA, as was a high level of spirituality. Similarly, those who had attended a cultural event in the last year were more likely to report a high level of active transportation. Speaking an Aboriginal language and being a member of a Métis organization were not independently associated with the two types of physical activity. Self-perceived health, being male and household income were other correlates positively associated with LTPA, whereas age, body mass index and smoking were negatively associated with this type of activity. Active transportation was positively associated with self-perceived health and being female, while negatively associated with age and body mass index. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that interventions aimed at increasing physical activity among adult Métis might be more successful if they are connected to cultural activities and spirituality. This research also suggests that demographic, socioeconomic and health-related factors are important considerations when designing initiatives to increase physical activity among adult Métis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]