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This study was conducted to examine the validity and reliability of the Saudi version of the Cyberchondria CSS-12 (short form). A convenience sample of (434) university student's were selected to evaluate the validity and reliability of Cyberchondria severity scale CSS-12. M-PLUS 7 and SPSS were used to analyze data. Cronbach's alpha, divergent validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted as well. The CSS-12 showed acceptable validity and reliability among the Saudi sample. The CSS-12 had positive and significant correlations with health anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gifted education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has developed significantly since its tentative beginnings in 1969. Increasingly, however, there are concerns that gifted education is not meeting its objectives. Based on the Ziegler-Balestrini-Stoegerian framework, we evaluate Saudi gifted education from a macro-systemic perspective, including the identification of the ten important exogenous and endogenous capitals and the six principles (law of the minimum, continuity, developmental level, support systems, control system and external management). Using information obtained from 25 source documents, we conduct an automated content analysis using Leximancer to find information related to each of the ten capitals and six principles. Our finding that the absence of a clearly articulated set of objectives and expected outcomes impact the system on many levels, and that, at best, Saudi gifted education is best described as a proto-system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]