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The present bibliometric review highlights the qualitative and quantitative study on Energy System Models by scanning the Scopus database between the years 2000 and 2023. Utilising co-citation analysis and bibliographic coupling from 1288 documents, the VOSviewer analysis presents meaningfully contributing authors, author keywords, nations, and cited references. Of 7930 keywords reviewed, the top keywords as per total link strength were 'energy system model', 'energy systems', 'carbon dioxide', and 'energy policy'. From 2014 till 2020, research areas like energy systems, energy storage, and energy transitions were studied. Results from citations of sources, organisations, authors, and countries reveal that out of 2491 organisations, 189 have a minimum of two documents for analysis. European nations including the United Kingdom, Ireland and Germany lead in research on energy systems and power demand modelling. Future research will likely focus on 'electric vehicles', 'long-term energy planning scenarios', 'use of alternative fuels', 'power demand modelling' and 'energy security'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current conventional approach to determining the primary energy associated with non-combustible renewable energy (RE) sources such as wind energy and hydro power is to equate the electricity generated from these sources with the primary energy supply. This paper compares this with an approach that was formerly used by the IEA, in which the primary energy equivalent attributed to renewable energy was equated with the fossil fuel energy it displaces. Difficulties with implementing this approach in a meaningful way for international comparisons lead to most international organisations abandoning the primary energy equivalent methodology. It has recently re-emerged in prominence however, as efforts grow to develop baseline procedures for quantifying the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions avoided by renewable energy within the context of the Kyoto Protocol credit trading mechanisms. This paper discusses the primary energy equivalent approach and in particular the distinctions between displacing fossil fuel energy in existing plant or in new plant. The approach is then extended provide insight into future primary energy displacement by renewable energy and to quantify the amount of CO 2 emissions avoided by renewable energy. The usefulness of this approach in quantifying the benefits of renewable energy is also discussed in an energy policy context, with regard to increasing security of energy supply as well as reducing energy-related GHG (and other) emissions. The approach is applied in a national context and Ireland is case study country selected for this research. The choice of Ireland is interesting in two respects. The first relates to the high proportion of electricity only fossil fuel plants in Ireland resulting in a significant variation between primary energy and primary energy equivalent. The second concerns Ireland's poor performance to date in limiting GHG emissions in line with its Kyoto target and points to the need for techniques to quantify the potential contribution of renewable energy in achieving the target set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper describes laboratory based development and testing of a range of biofuel oils for use in domestic space and water heating systems. Using traditional heating systems commonly used in the UK and Ireland, as well as a little used combined heating and power system, experiments have been undertaken comparing the performance and emissions characteristics of three non-mineral based fuels: bio-oils made from virgin rapeseed oil, i.e. rapeseed methyl ester, recycled waste vegetable oil methyl ester known by its trade name as UCOME and modified waste vegetable oil fuel, known as BP100. Results of laboratory scale tests are presented which show that biofuels can achieve good results in domestic oil fired heating systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the environmental management in Ireland. Topics mentioned include the environmental policy in the country, the social aspects of climate change and the climate policy management for public health improvement. Also mentioned are the management of renewable energy sources, the planning for economic growth, and the implementation of the European Union (EU) law. It also added the importance of environmental policy for improvement of the environmental condition and the electoral politics in the country.

The article presents an analysis of the political and spatial factors affecting the deployment of onshore wind energy infrastructure under the European Union's transnational electricity networks development. It is argued that policies to create smart grids will hinder the further planning of the infrastructure development. The article also discusses Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) recently signed by Great Britain and Ireland in January 2013 on future energy cooperation and spatial planning.

The wind energy debate represents a new kind of environmental controversy which divides environmentalists of different persuasions who attach contrasting priority to global and local concerns. Case studies of public attitudes towards existing and proposed windfarm developments in Scotland and Ireland are used to test three counter-intuitive hypotheses derived from previous attitudinal research. These are: (a) that local people become more favourable towards windfarms after construction; (b) that the degree of acceptance increases with proximity to them; and (c) that the NIMBY syndrome(not-in-my-back-yard) does not adequately explain variations in public attitudes. All three hypotheses are supported by this study. Large majorities favour wind power development in principle and in (local) practice. Although some aspects of NIMBY attitudes exist, the surveys reveal an ‘inverse NIMBY’ syndrome, whereby those with windfarms in their ‘backyard’ strongly support the technology. The research endorses the view that aesthetic perceptions, both positive and negative, are the strongest single influence on individuals' attitudes towards wind power projects. Comparison of the current institutional factors driving wind energy development with those during earlier eras of hydro-power development and large-scale afforestation emphasizes the need for strategic planning guidance. The potential for using a planning-led approach to windfarm developments by adopting ‘Indicative Windfarm Strategies’ is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]