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To meet the increasing demands of the society in the current era, new strains of the domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) are being continuously bred. Consequently, cataloging the genetic information of pure lines is essential. The strain Jam 146, whose larvae have atypical pale, crescent-shaped body markings, is an important breeding resource due to its excellent fecundity. In this study, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of this strain using next-generation sequencing. The complete genome of this strain has a gene arrangement typical of Lepidoptera. The length of the Jam 146 mitogenome (15,661 bp) is well within the range reported in other B. mori strains, i.e. between 15,629 (Baiyun strain, China) and 15,676 bp (Hukpyobeom strain, South Korea). However, the total length of protein-coding genes, 3,733 codons in Jam 146 and two other silkworm strains previously reported from South Korea, is 13 codons longer than that in other B. mori strains. Phylogenetic analysis of 22 silkworm strains from nine countries showed that the Jam 146 strain forms a strong cluster with three other strains from China, Japan, and South Korea, suggesting that after their split from a common ancestor, the evolutionary divergence among the silkworm strains in these countries has been limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a systematic review of the development of Chinese public administration in English language journals. An analysis of articles in the top 25 English-language public administration journals worldwide from 1996 to 2016 confirmed increases in both the number and significance of studies of Chinese public administration. A systematic content analysis of abstracts of previous studies was performed and showed that social development and administrative reform were among the most important topics. With respect to the methodology of this study, qualitative methods were more frequently used than quantitative or mixed methods. Finally, implications for future research on Chinese public administration are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reveals the role of research and development (R&D) policies in the development of the technology-intensive industries of China. Since economic reform began in 1978, the Chinese government has transformed the R&D system from one that was wholly centrally planned into a more market-orientated system, making it more efficient and productive. At the same time, the state, its incentives and its investment remain significant. The government has increased the R&D expenditure rapidly, while trying to develop indigenous technologies. It has actively utilised foreign direct investment inflows as the means to introduce advanced technology from developed countries. It has also provided systematic guidelines and established the economic technology development zones and high technology industrial development zones, in order to channel foreign investment inflows into technology-intensive industries. China has placed emphasis on the development of human resources in science and technology as well. Finally, the implications of the role of government in developing technology-intensive industries are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tested the effects of patients' cultural orientations on preferences for medical decision making among patients from Hong Kong and Beijing. Specifically, this study aimed to assess whether self-construals, as individual-level correlates of individualism and collectivism, had an impact on how Chinese patients prefer to make decisions about their medical care. A family decision option was added to the revised form of the Autonomy Preference Index (Ende, Kazis, Ash, & Moskowitz, 1989; Smith, Garko, Bennett, Irwin, & Schofield, 1994). This was administered along with a set of items to assess the self-construal of participants. Consistent with previous findings, Chinese from both Hong Kong and Beijing preferred joint decision making to either patient or doctor decision making. Participants' levels of interdependent self-construal positively predicted preferences for decisions made by the physician, joint decision making, and decisions made by family, but not decisions made by patients. On the other hand, the level of independent self-construal positively predicted preference for patient decision making and joint decision making, but not decisions made by the family and the doctor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]