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World politics simulations are gaining popularity and becoming mainstream. With advanced technological tools, experimental learning brings together students from afar increasing the multicultural nature of meetings and practical learning. Progress in running simulations and pedagogical goal fulfillment still require the removal of accessibility barriers, to make our educational environment more equal, universally across the globe. This study addresses four barrier types, describes improvement in the legal setting over the years and points to still unmet challenges preventing an equitable learning experience for all students regardless of background, race, religion, or ability. Components from the Universal Design for Learning (UDL)—Action and Expression, Engagement, and Representation—serve as pedagogical guidelines, applied in the Syrian Civil War Simulation (SCWS) to illustrate how gradually progressing role play can overcome some if not all barriers. Some barriers are technical-procedural, so addressing them necessitates awareness and application of easily available modifications. Others are deeply embedded, making their removal harder and more costly. In conclusion, the study highlights practical ways to overcome barriers, emphasizing the role of networking as a way to identify problems, learn about available solutions, share the costs of implementing changes, and make simulation projects attractive to all students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the phenomenon of companionship as an adaptation strategy to counter the existing barriers to health care access in developing nations. Companionship is argued to be an outcome of “inter” and “intra” household collaboration to offer diverse supports in addition to altruism. The analysis of the household survey conducted in West Bengal, India, exhibited different patterns of health care tours and the associated dependencies. In addition to support in terms of mobility while traveling and companionship while waiting for the opportunity, support in terms of refuge is also found to be essential, especially for the poor while they undertake regional tours. Causal models focusing on aggregated general health tours and specific regional tours were estimated separately to comprehend the implicit social interactions and their effects on the patient as well as the companions. The research demonstrated that accessibility barriers affect not only the ill, but also those associated with them and at times adversely. Segregation of regional tours illustrated the gaps, which instigated such tours and also might aid in health infrastructure planning as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality of life is a major issue for people with physical disabilities. Though life has improved over the last decade, major gaps in satisfaction with life still exist between individuals with and without physical disabilities. Tourism is one segment of society that has the potential for improving the quality of life for individuals with physical disabilities. By improving travel opportunities for individuals with physical disabilities, the individuals may experience more life satisfaction and, ultimately, a better quality of life. The Accessibility and Attitudinal Barriers Model (AABM), originally developed by Takeda & Card (2002, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 12(1), 47–61), illustrated four travel sectors (transportation, accommodation, eating and drinking establishments, and attractions), and to what extent travel providers encountered accessibility and attitudinal barriers when providing package tours for individuals with physical disabilities who used mobility devices. The purpose of this study was visually to compare barriers encountered by providers with barriers encountered by travelers who used mobility devices. Results were illustrated using the AABM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]