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Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species is the main cause of skin ageing. Cordycepin, a bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris, contains antioxidant activity. This study examined extracellular matrix, antioxidant effect, autophagy activity, and skin regeneration in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) under normal and oxidative stress conditions. Slow disintegration was used to create nano-encapsulated cordyceps extract. HDFs were cultured and treated with 1 M cordycepin, 1 M medium, 0.1 M cordyceps medium loaded nanoparticles (CMP), or 1 mM H2O2. HDFs' senescent phenotypes were assessed, including cell proliferation, ROS scavenging, collagen and elastin synthesis, antioxidant activity, and wound healing. CMP size averaged 184.5 ± 95.2 nm increased cell proliferation and reduced H2O2-induced ROS. Thus, HDFs treated for 48 h increased skin regeneration activity 2.76-fold by expressing extracellular matrix and rescuing H2O2-induced damaged cells. It was significant that this CMP inhibited H2O2-induced oxidative stress and induced autophagy to regenerate HDFs. The developed CMP could be used in cosmetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined associations between the effect of treatment with nano-cassava starch that contained cordycepin (CS) extract, targeting human submandibular gland cells (HSGs), and human oral squamous carcinoma cells (HSC-4). Cassava starch nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared by either physical or acid treatment. These nanoparticles were then loaded with either CS or cordyceps medium and then treated with HSG or HSC-4 cells in different concentrations of CS and nanoparticles. Moreover, the protein secretion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and the expression of salivary-specific genes, antioxidant gene were determined after treatment. CSNPs can enhance the activity of CS at low concentrations. Cordycepin-loaded cassava starch nanoparticles (CCSNPs) increased HSG proliferation, protein secretion, and the expression of salivary-specific genes, AMY and AQP5. Besides, CCSNPs also protected and scavenged of ROS via the stimulation of the antioxidant genes in HSGs, indicating the protective roles of CS to HSGs. On the other hand, CCSNPs inhibited the growth of HSC-4 cells by stimulating ROS generation and reducing protein secretion. This finding suggested that CCSNPs presented the dual actions against HSGs and human oral squamous carcinoma cells, and the encapsulation of CS with cassava nanoparticles enhanced the activity of CS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]