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Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 anti-programed cell death 1（PD-1）antibody, is recently one of the most popular and successful therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in clinical use. With the increasing demands for Nivolumab and other therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, the mammary gland bioreactor has been regarded as another choice for the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies besides mammalian cell culture. Here, we expressed a recombinant human anti-PD-1 antibody in the mammary glands of transgenic mice. Two expression vectors were constructed bearing the heavy and light chains of anti-PD-1 antibody respectively under the control of bovine αs1-casein promoter. Transgenic mice were then generated by co-microinjection of the two expression cassettes. Three F0 founders with both heavy chain and light chain positive were obtained. Transgenes of both chains were detected to be stably transmitted to the offspring. The recombinant antibody was detected in the milk of transgenic mice with the highest expression level up to 80.52 ± 0.82 mg/L and could specifically binds to the human PD-1 antigen. Therefore, our results suggest the feasibility of anti-PD-1 antibody production in the milk of transgenic animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid breeding of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujube) is limited by embryo abortion. Improving the success of embryogenic progeny and immature embryo culture techniques could increase the breeding efficiency of new jujube varieties. We optimised the current immature embryo culture techniques by using immature embryos before the globular stage of Chinese jujube variety Lengbaiyu. The optimal growth media were as follows: for 30-day-old immature embryo growth, MS + IBA 0.8 mg·L−1 + ZT 0.5 mg·L−1 + GA3 7.0 mg·L−1 + NAA 0.2 mg·L−1 + LH 0.5 mg·L−1 + 5% sucrose, with 22.22% embryonic growth rate and 0.41% plantlet formation rate; and for young embryo differentiation, MS + TDZ (0.8 mg·L−1) + IAA (0.5 mg·L−1) + sucrose (3%), with 81.12% differentiation rate. Thus, regeneration via callus induction effectively improved the efficiency of embryo rescue from young immature embryos in Lengbaiyu, which might provide new approaches for breeding Chinese jujube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]