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Monodisperse Fe3O4nanoparticles modified by oleic acid were synthesized by a solvothermal method and dispersed into mineral transformer oil to prepare Fe3O4nanofluids. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the obtained nanoparticles are single crystals with an average diameter of 15 nm. The test results indicate that the nanoparticles exhibited good dispersibility in the nanofluids at a wide range of concentrations. Moreover, the positive impulse breakdown strength of nanofluids was greatly improved by 36.6% at the optimum concentration of nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The adhesion of ice to high -voltage overhead transmission lines should be small to ensure ease of ice shedding under small external forces. In this work, we studied the influence of the microstructure of superhydrophobic surfaces on the strength of ice adhesion at a working temperature of --6 °C. Compared to a bare aluminum surface, the microstructure superhydro-phobic aluminum surfaces did decrease ice adhesion strength. The superhydrophobic alumi-num surfaces with a larger number of micro-holes produced the lowest strength of ice adhesion; its ice adhesion strength was ~163.8 times lower than that for the bare aluminum samples. Furthermore, such microstructure aluminum surfaces had water contact angles larger than 150° and water sliding angles of less than 8.2° even at a working temperature of --6°C. The low values of the ice adhesion strength of the above samples were mainly attributed to the superhydrophobic property, which was obtained by creating a structure of micro-nano-scale holes on the aluminum surface after treatment with a low- surface-energy fluoroalkylsi-lane (FAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]