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Automated mapping of land cover using black and white aerial photographs, as an alternative method to traditional photo-interpretation, requires using methods other than spectral analysis classification. To this end, textural measurements have been shown to be useful indicators of land cover. In this work, a neural network model is proposed and tested to map historical land use/land cover (LUC) from very detailed panchromatic aerial photographs (5 m resolution) using textural measurements. The method is used to identify different land use and management types (e.g. traditional versus mechanized vineyard systems). These have been tested with known ground reference data. The results show the potential of the methodology to obtain automatic, historic, and very detailed cartography information from a complex landscape such as the mountainous and Mediterranean region to which it is applied here, and the advantages that this method has over traditional methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]